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01 - 20241218 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan FINAL FULLCity of Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan December 2024 Update Acknowledgements The City of Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan would not be possible without the enthusiasm and support of community stakeholders, including the businesses neighbors, and agency partners throughout the Port Orchard community. A special thanks to everyone who contributed their time and effort to the development of this plan. Mayor Rob Putaansuu City Council Members: Mark Trenary Jay Rosapepe Scott Diener Eric Worden Heidi Fenton Fred Chang John Morrissey Planning Commission (2022-2024): Tyler McKlosky Annette Stewart Stephanie Bailey Joe Morrison Wayne Wright Louis Ta Paul Fontenot Bek Ashby Dave Bernstein Phil King City Staff: Nicholas Bond, AICP, Community Development Director James Fisk, AICP, Principal Planner Stephanie Andrews, Senior Planner Shaun Raja, Associate Planner Connor Dahlquist, Assistant Planner Josie Rademacher, Assistant Planner Denis Ryan, Public Works Director Chris Hammer, PE, City Engineer Christian Williams, PE, Asst. City Engineer Noah Crocker, Finance Director Consultant Team: AHBL, Inc. MAKERS Transportation Solutions Inc. Leland Consulting Group Farallon Consulting Table of Contents Chapter1 Introduction..............................................................................................................................1-0 1.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................1-0 1.2 2044 Targeted Outcomes...........................................................................................................1-0 1.3 Centers.......................................................................................................................................1-2 1.4 Port Orchard History..................................................................................................................1-2 1.5 The Context of Planning in Port Orchard...................................................................................1-4 1.6 Community Involvement in the 2044 Update...........................................................................1-8 1.7 Organization of the Plan..........................................................................................................1-10 Chapter2 Land Use..................................................................................................................................2-11 2.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................2-11 2.2 Key Issues and Concepts..........................................................................................................2-11 2.3 Land Use Designations.............................................................................................................2-13 2.4 Zoning and Current Land Use Characteristics..........................................................................2-15 2.5 Buildable Land Capacity...........................................................................................................2-16 2.6 Overlay Districts.......................................................................................................................2-17 2.7 Land Use Goals and Policies.....................................................................................................2-17 2.8 The Centers Strategy................................................................................................................2-22 Chapter3 Housing....................................................................................................................................3-39 3.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................3-39 3.2 Conditions and Trends.............................................................................................................3-40 3.3 Housing Affordability...............................................................................................................3-45 3.4 Housing Projection...................................................................................................................3-49 3.5 Housing Capacity by Income Band...........................................................................................3-50 3.6 Housing Goals and Policies.......................................................................................................3-52 Chapter 4 Parks and Recreation..............................................................................................................4-56 4.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................4-56 4.2 Public Involvement...................................................................................................................4-56 4.3 Parks Vision — Connections......................................................................................................4-57 4.4 Existing Conditions...................................................................................................................4-57 4.5 Future Planned Parks Facilities................................................................................................4-57 4.6 Challenges and Opportunities..................................................................................................4-58 4.7 Parks and Recreation Goals and Policies.................................................................................4-59 Chapter5 Natural Systems......................................................................................................................5-64 5.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................5-64 5.2 Existing Conditions...................................................................................................................5-65 5.3 Critical Areas and Shorelines....................................................................................................5-66 5.4 Natural Systems Goals and Policies.........................................................................................5-70 Chapter 6 Economic Development..........................................................................................................6-83 6.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................6-83 6.2 Economic Conditions................................................................................................................6-84 6.3 Challenges................................................................................................................................6-89 6.4 Economic Development Goals and Policies.............................................................................6-89 Chapter7 Utilities....................................................................................................................................7-94 7.1 City -Managed Utilities.............................................................................................................7-95 7.2 Non -City Managed Utilities......................................................................................................7-95 7.3 Existing Conditions...................................................................................................................7-96 7.4 Relationship to Centers............................................................................................................7-98 7.5 Future Needs............................................................................................................................7-98 7.6 Utilities Goals and Policies.....................................................................................................7-100 Chapter8 Transportation......................................................................................................................8-103 8.1 Transportation Element Context.............................................................................................8-103 8.2 Transportation Vision.............................................................................................................8-103 8.3 Transportation System Inventory..........................................................................................8-104 8.4 Nonmotorized System Vision.................................................................................................8-114 8.5 Level of Service......................................................................................................................8-122 8.6 Traffic Forecasting..................................................................................................................8-130 8.7 Transportation System Needs................................................................................................8-135 8.8 Transportation Demand Management..................................................................................8-139 8.9 Financial Analysis and Concurrency.......................................................................................8-143 8.10 Intergovernmental Coordination...........................................................................................8-149 8.11 Equity Framework for Transportation Planning....................................................................8-150 8.12 Transportation Goal and Policies...........................................................................................8-151 Chapter 9 Capital Facilities.....................................................................................................................9-154 9.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................9-154 9.2 Financial Overview.................................................................................................................9-155 9.3 Planning Connections.............................................................................................................9-156 9.4 Functional Plans.....................................................................................................................9-156 9.5 Future Needs..........................................................................................................................9-156 9.6 Capital Facilities Goals and Policies........................................................................................9-158 9.6 Capital Facilities.....................................................................................................................9-162 Chapter10 Climate Change.................................................................................................................10-182 10.1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................10-182 10.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions..................................................................................................10-183 10.3 Climate Resilience................................................................................................................10-183 10.4 Baseline Conditions..............................................................................................................10-185 10.5 Goals and Policies................................................................................................................10-189 Chapter I Introduction 1.1 Introduction Port Orchard is a small but growing city in the Puget Sound region of Washington State. It is near major urban and employment centers and enjoys an outstanding natural setting. Port Orchard's residents have a strong community spirit and value the area's important maritime history. These aspects contribute to a high quality of life that influences people's choice to live and work in Port Orchard. Like most cities in the Puget Sound region, rapid population growth in the last decade has contributed to increasing demands for goods, services, housing, and infrastructure. These demands on the local community represent some of the biggest challenges facing the City since it last undertook updating its Comprehensive Plan in 2016. Downtown Port Orchard has continued to be a focal point with its waterfront location and access to transit, including passenger ferry service with connections to downtown Seattle. How Port Orchard manages its growth in the years to come is crucial to the City's businesses and residents. Bolstered by its rich history, active community participants, and scenic location, Port Orchard has the opportunity to build on its many assets to create a more connected and vibrant city. There are great opportunities to continue revitalizing the downtown area, draw more attractions to the city, and encourage appreciation for Port Orchard's natural resources and friendly, close-knit community. The City will take strategic steps to identify and strengthen the relationship between the built environment, natural environment, community members, and government to further the goals of a cohesive community based on a deep understanding of the need to balance development with the preservation of unique and critical environmental resources. 1.1.1 Statement of Purpose and Intent The Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan establishes a framework for addressing the challenges of today and the future. The Plan integrates the desires of the community and best practices in contemporary city planning, making the government more responsive to the needs of the community and more connected with residents. Used properly, this document will guide decision -making and development in Port Orchard by ensuring that ordinances, regulations, programs, and projects are developed in accordance with community values and goals. The goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan specify measurable, achievable actions that most effectively utilize resources, retain the small-town character of Port Orchard, and build a stronger community. Developed with significant public input and City leaders' review, this document will guide Port Orchard's development and growth patterns for the next 20 years through 2044. This document will update the existing Comprehensive Plan, which was last fully updated in 2016. 1.2 2044 Targeted Outcomes With continued hard work that is focused and coordinated in accordance with the goals and policies in this comprehensive plan, Port Orchard will remain one of the best small cities in Washington State. By careful planning, Port Orchard's increasing number of residents will enjoy a sustained high quality of life that is founded upon its supportive community, healthy economy, and pristine environment. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-0 Using the community's vision for the future, by the year 2044 the City will have built upon these positive attributes and will have achieved the following: • Port Orchard has retained its small-town character and strong community spirit. • The historic downtown is attractive and vibrant. • Efficient patterns of development have reduced real per capita infrastructure costs. • Housing has remained available to all members of the community, and the diversity of housing types has expanded. • Housing has remained available and affordable to all members of the community, and the diversity of housing types and densities has expanded. • Walking, biking, driving, and transit infrastructure make it easy to get around the city. • Port Orchard's waterfront and open space resources are highly enjoyable by the community. • Community organizations are better empowered to coordinate events and activities. • Residents continue to enjoy a comfortable and productive relationship with City government. • Residents have access to well -paying jobs, have short commutes, and choose to shop locally. • Local businesses are supported by the community and government policies that promote economic development. • Residents are better informed and connected to the planning process. • Port Orchard's critical areas, shorelines, and other natural resources are appropriately protected with no net loss to critical areas and their functions, and where feasible critical areas and shorelines are restored or enhanced. • Native American cultural and historic resources (archeological sites) will be protected through conditions on development approvals that require identification and preservation of designated sites, along with notification to the State and the Suquamish Tribe. • Impacts to natural systems are minimized while population and job growth targets are met. • Provide equitable service and access to opportunities for people of color, people with low incomes, and historically underserved communities. 1.1.2 Visioning: Connections Port Orchard is defined by its physical and social environments and the ways in which they are connected. This Comprehensive Plan lays out a vision for Port Orchard that is founded on connectivity and the idea that stronger connections will ultimately lead to a stronger community. In addition to meeting state laws, addressing local and regional planning goals, and serving as a record of community input, this Comprehensive Plan seeks to bridge the specific goals and policies of the different elements to the needs and desires of the community through the established connections framework. It is important to think of Port Orchard not just as its parts, but as a cohesive whole. The City aims to improve the connections between land uses, housing, businesses, transportation, and the natural environment. As well as promote a higher level of interaction between the City government and community members. There are some key ways in which this can be achieved. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-1 Primary Connections: • Connect individual neighborhoods to the greater city • Connect people to the waterfront • Connect people to downtown • Connect downtown and the waterfront • Connect people via land use choices that encourage meaningful interactions (i.e. housing within walking distance to shops and restaurants that allows people to interact with each other on the street) • Connect separate areas of the city with a variety of transportation options • Connect people to the history of the city through the built environment • Connect neighborhoods to the regional trail network • Connect parks to housing and other parks • Connect residents and government officials • Connect business and government through a high level of partnership and cooperation • Connect identified wildlife habitat areas and corridors with greenbelts and other open space areas. • Connect the community to the natural environment through education and voluntary stewardship. 1.1.3 Elements of Connection Within the comprehensive planning process, physical, social, and governmental influences must be considered in how Port Orchard is connected. Physical element: The infrastructure, housing, transportation, parks, natural amenities, topography, critical areas, restaurants, shops, businesses, schools, and all other built and natural aspects that make up the city. Social element: The residents, the groups, and the interests they represent. Government element: The professional, public services, and regulatory side of the City that must work to maintain and foster a relationship with residents that is healthy and responsive to community needs and desires. 1.3 Centers Building concentrations of activity in Port Orchard will help create a more vibrant city. Within countywide centers, a mix of land uses will lead to higher levels of local connectivity. Centers can connect housing, businesses, and services in a more focused way, allowing for more efficient land uses and allocation of public resources for infrastructure. See Section 2 (Land Use) for more information on Centers. 1.4 Port Orchard History The Port Orchard area was historically occupied by the Suquamish people, whose ancestors have lived in the Central Puget Sound area for approximately 10,000 years. Ethnographic and archeological evidence shows that the Suquamish people have lived, gathered food stuffs, produced ceremonial and spiritual items, and hunted and fished for thousands of years in the area now known as Port Orchard. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-2 Sidney M. Stevens first purchased 88.5 acres of land in 1885 with the intention of starting the town that would become Port Orchard. His son, Frederick Stevens, platted the land in 1886 and named the new location Sidney, after his father. Early businesses focused on lumber and a handful of saloons. Other industries included sawmills, shingle mills, and a pottery and terra cotta plant. The town was incorporated on September 15, 1890, and became the first town in Kitsap County to be both platted and incorporated. Sidney became the county seat in the general election of 1892. Shortly after, the U.S. Navy sought a suitable location for another west coast base and found it in the Sinclair Inlet with the assistance of Sidney's residents. This location would later become the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. The original industries began to fade with the addition of the naval shipyard, and subsequently many of the employees of the timber industry moved to the shipyard for work. In December of 1892, the residents of Sidney petitioned both the state legislature and the Post Office Department to rename the City to "Port Orchard." After much confusion with the local post office, Sidney was finally renamed "Port Orchard" in 1903. The first school in Sidney opened in 1889 and later the South Kitsap Union High School opened in 1922. In 2000 the City's land area was 3.96 square miles, but after several annexations, increased to 9.63 square miles in 2012. These annexations have also increased the population of Port Orchard, growing from 11,144 to 15,587 people between 2010 and 2020. The Washington Office of Financial Management (OFM) estimates that Port Orchard's population as of June 28, 2024 had risen to 18,300 people. Figure 1-1. Port Orchard Population Growth 2016-2024 OFM Estimates 20,000 7 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 0 0 00 %0 Ln Ln r qA0- 1 1 1,T- 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 �OFM Population Estimate 2021 2022 2023 2024 — Annual Growth Rate Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-3 1.5 The Context of Planning in Port Orchard 1.1.4 What is a Comprehensive Plan? A comprehensive plan is a tool that allows a City to anticipate and guide changes in a manner that is consistent with the desires of the community. Based on extensive public input that has occurred over the last periodic updates, this document serves as the record of the City's long-range vision, priorities, and concerns. It translates the community's vision into goals and policies for the City to use in evaluating and making future physical, economic, and community development decisions. When implemented, the comprehensive plan acts as a tool for managing growth, coordinating programs and regulations and protecting the community's quality of life and critical resources. In the face of constant and inevitable change, it ensures that community goals are predictably, consistently, and effectively promoted and implemented. In Washington State, comprehensive plans cover a 20-year planning horizon and are required to be updated every 10 years' with a 5-year mid -cycle review. These plans serve as long-range policy guides for managing growth and development within a jurisdiction, considering both the natural environment and available resources. In addition to being required under the Growth Management Act (GMA) to include a 20-year outlook, this timeframe also provides enough time to accommodate and guide population and employment growth effectively, while also providing a realistic outlook for demographic changes, economic shifts, and workforce dynamics. This longer time frame also allows jurisdictions to make decisions related to land use and infrastructure that can withstand short-term fluctuations, ensure investments align with projected growth, and maintain a coherent vision for the community. 1.1.5 Population and Employment Allocations and Capacities As population and employment continue to grow in the city, Port Orchard has been allocated a certain amount of the region's growth and must plan to accommodate that growth through its zoning and infrastructure capacity. In conjunction, Kitsap County has calculated how much zoned land capacity Port Orchard has. Port Orchard must plan for an additional 10,500 residents above its 2020 population by 2044, according to the most recent Kitsap County Countywide Planning Policies which utilize the City's 2020 population from the US CensusZ. The 2021 Kitsap County Buildable Lands Report calculates that the City has an additional population capacity of 16,250 residents3. This is greater than the City's growth target (10,500 additional residents) as found in the Countywide Planning Policies and means that the City has surplus capacity for an additional 5,750 residents. To achieve its population growth target, Port Orchard would need to sustain a 3 percent annual growth rate until 2044. However, Port Orchard has seen a growth rate exceeding 3 percent per year since 2020. While this accelerated growth rate is not expected to continue, it is anticipated that Port Orchard will reach its growth target prior to 2044 if current trends continue. Similarly, Port Orchard must plan for an additional 5,400 jobs above its 2020 employment by 2044 in accordance with the most recent Kitsap County Countywide Planning Policies4. The 2021 Kitsap County Buildable Lands Report identifies that Port Orchard has an additional employment capacity of 5,243 jobs, resulting in a small employment deficit of 157 jobs by the year 2044s. This deficit has been eliminated through minor changes proposed to the land use map in Appendix A and through the adoption of the Bethel -Lund and Sedgwick-Bethel subarea plans as discussed in the Land Use Element. ' http://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=36.70A.130 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-4 These population and employment growth allocations are used throughout the Comprehensive Plan for internal consistency. Whether Port Orchard adds over 10,500 residents and 5,400 jobs by 2044 depends on several factors. These include the completion of infrastructure projects in support of growth as outlined in Chapters 7-9, the health of the local economy, and the quality of public services such as schools. These factors influence how many people move to Port Orchard and how many jobs are created. The main goal of this Comprehensive Plan is to ensure that this growth aligns with the City's vision, which has been shaped by community involvement and input. This will be achieved through the implementation of the goals and policies contained within this Comprehensive Plan to facilitate coordinated and sustainable growth. 1.1.6 Port Orchard Urban Growth Area (UGA) The Urban Growth Area (UGA) in unincorporated Kitsap County affiliated with Port Orchard is an area designated for eventual annexation into Port Orchard. According to the Kitsap Countywide Planning Policies, the UGA population in 2020 was 15,370, and the County has allocated it an increase of 3,552 people by 2044. The Buildable Lands Report shows the UGA has a capacity of 3,552 people based on existing zoning. This means that the land capacity of the Port Orchard affiliated UGA is exactly large enough to accommodate its population growth target. If the City were to annex all its UGA by 2044, it would need to provide infrastructure and services to these new residents. This has significant implications for Port Orchard's Comprehensive Plan goals and policies and its provision of public services. Even if the City doesn't annex these areas, many of the residents living in the UGA work, shop, recreate, and travel in Port Orchard. As such, the City must consider the proximity of these areas and impacts to the City from this population when making decisions. 1.1.7 Washington State Growth Management Act (GMA) The Washington State GMA was passed by the state legislature in 1990 to protect Washington's quality of life, economy, and environment from the threat of uncoordinated and unplanned growth. It requires state and local governments to identify and protect critical areas and natural resource lands, designate urban growth areas, adopt and regularly update comprehensive plans, and implement them through capital investments and development regulations. Cities and counties planning under the GMA are required to adopt development regulations that are consistent with, and implement, their comprehensive plans. The GMA also promotes coordination and consistency between cities, counties, and the state, in part by requiring that all comprehensive plans address certain goals. The 15 goals of the GMA6 are: Urban growth. Encourage development in urban areas where adequate public facilities and services exist or can be provided in an efficient manner. Z https://www.kitsap.gov/dcd/PEP%20Documents/ KRCC%20Apprroved%2OGrowth%2OTargets October%202022.pdf 3 https://www.kitsap.gov/dcd/PEP%20Documents/ FINAL%20Bui Ida ble%20Lands%20Report November%202021.pdf 4https://www.kitsap.gov/dcd/PEP%20Docu ments/ KRCC%20Apprroved%2OGrowth%2OTargets October%202022.pdf 5https://www.kitsap.gov/dcd/PEP`/`20Documents/ FINAL%2013ui Ida ble%20Lands%20Report November%202021.pdf 6 https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=36.70A.020 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-5 • Reduce sprawl. Reduce the inappropriate conversion of undeveloped land into sprawling, low - density development. • Transportation. Encourage efficient multimodal transportation systems that will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and per capita vehicle miles traveled and are based on regional priorities and coordinated with county and city comprehensive plans. • Housing. Plan for and accommodate affordable housing to all economic segments of the population of this state, promote a variety of residential densities and housing types, and encourage preservation of existing housing stock. • Economic development. Encourage economic development throughout the state that is consistent with adopted comprehensive plans, promote economic opportunity for all citizens of this state, especially for unemployed and for disadvantaged persons, promote the retention and expansion of existing businesses and recruitment of new businesses, recognize regional differences impacting economic development opportunities, and encourage growth in areas experiencing insufficient economic growth, all within the capacities of the state's natural resources, public services, and public facilities. • Property rights. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation having been made. The property rights of landowners shall be protected from arbitrary and discriminatory actions. • Permits. Applications for both state and local government permits should be processed in a timely and fair manner to ensure predictability. • Natural resource industries. Maintain and enhance natural resource -based industries, including productive timber, agricultural, and fisheries industries. Encourage the conservation of productive forest lands and productive agricultural lands and discourage incompatible uses. • Open space and recreation. Retain open space, enhance recreational opportunities, enhance fish and wildlife habitat, increase access to natural resource lands and water, and develop parks and recreation facilities. • Environment. Protect and enhance the environment and enhance the state's high quality of life, including air and water quality, and the availability of water. • Citizen participation and coordination. Encourage the involvement of citizens in the planning process, including the participation of vulnerable populations and overburdened communities, and ensure coordination between communities and jurisdictions to reconcile conflicts. • Public facilities and services. Ensure that those public facilities and services necessary to support development shall be adequate to serve the development at the time the development is available for occupancy and use without decreasing current service levels below locally established minimum standards. • Historic preservation. Identify and encourage the preservation of lands, sites, and structures that have historical or archaeological significance. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-6 Climate change and resiliency. Ensure that comprehensive plans, development regulations, and regional policies, plans, and strategies under RCW 36.70A.210 and chapter 47.80 RCW adapt to and mitigate the effects of a changing climate; support reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and per capita vehicle miles traveled; prepare for climate impact scenarios; foster resiliency to climate impacts and natural hazards; protect and enhance environmental, economic, and human health and safety; and advance environmental justice. • Shorelines of the state. For shorelines of the state, the goals and policies of the Shoreline Management Act as set forth in RCW 90.58.020 shall be considered an element of the county's or city's comprehensive plan. The GMA is codified as Revised Code of Washington (RCW) chapter 36.70A. It can be accessed online at the following link: http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=36.70A 1.1.8 Puget Sound Regional Council's VISION 2050 VISION 2050 is a regional strategy for accommodating the 5.8 million people expected to live in the central Puget Sound region by 2050. It is administered by the Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC), a regional planning agency with a mission to enhance the quality of life in the region. The region is defined as Kitsap, King, Pierce, and Snohomish counties. The PSRC develops policies and coordinates decisions about regional growth, transportation, and economic development planning. It is also responsible for selecting local projects to receive federal transportation funding. VISION 2050 is an integrated, long-range vision for maintaining a healthy region. It promotes the well- being of people and communities, economic vitality, and a healthy environment. VISION 2050 has been refined from the previous VISION 2040 framework with the following primary tenets to support comprehensive regional growth strategies: • Retains the same core emphasis on a strong economy, healthy environment, preserving farms and forests, and supporting growth within the urban growth area and centers • Retains the same plan structure as VISION 2040, with a numeric Regional Growth Strategy, multicounty planning policies, and actions • Identifies new regional outcomes and a vision statement for the region • Addresses equity and health in policies and actions throughout the plan • Supports implementation of recent plans and initiatives, like the Regional Transportation Plan, the Regional Economic Strategy, the Regional Open Space Conservation Plan, the Regional Centers Framework, and Growing Transit Communities The concept of people, prosperity, and planet provides a central theme for VISION 2050. This concept signals that our regional leaders use an approach that considers social, cultural, economic, and environmental benefits when making decisions. Port Orchard's Comprehensive Plan proposes a sustainable approach to growth and future development. The Plan commits to maintaining and restoring ecosystems, through steps to conserve and enhance key fish wildlife habitats and other critical areas, to promote restoration of degraded shorelines, to improve water quality, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-7 This Comprehensive Plan has been updated based on residential and employment targets that align with VISION 2050. Through the targeting process we have identified the number of housing units in the City that currently exist and that are anticipated to be developed within the planning period and have identified needs for affordable housing. Residential and employment targets for the City's designated local centers of importance will be identified and expanded in future subarea planning for these centers. This Plan addresses each of the policy areas in VISION 2050. The elements of the Plan include goals and policies that address habitat protection, water conservation, air quality, and climate change. Environmentally friendly development techniques, such as low -impact landscaping and stormwater runoff management, are encouraged. The Plan calls for more compact urban development and addresses mixed -use and transit -oriented development. There are directives to prioritize funding and infrastructure investments to our centers of local importance. The Housing element commits to expanding housing production at all income levels to meet the diverse needs of both current and future residents. The Economic Development element supports creating jobs, creating sustainable and livable communities, and improving connections between housing, employment, and transportation. The Transportation element advances cleaner and more sustainable mobility, with provisions for complete streets, context -sensitive design, and alternatives to driving alone. The City's transportation planning is coordinated with Kitsap County, including level of service standards and concurrency provisions. The City also commits to conservation methods in the provision of public services. The Implementation section of the Plan addresses local implementation actions addressed in VISION 2050, including identification of underused lands and housing targets. VISION 2050 can be accessed online at the following link: www.psrc.org/planning-2050/vision-2050 1.1.9 Kitsap Regional Coordinating Council and Countywide Planning Policies The Kitsap Regional Coordinating Council (KRCC) is an inter -local forum for local jurisdictions and the voice on countywide transportation planning and policy issues. Its members include Kitsap County, Port Orchard, Bremerton, Bainbridge Island, Poulsbo, and the Port of Bremerton. Kitsap Transit and the Suquamish & Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribes are Associate Members, and Naval Base Kitsap is an Ex Officio member. The Council coordinates the review and monitoring of the Kitsap Countywide Planning Policies and related population forecasting and distribution. The Council's Executive Board is responsible for the distribution of federal grant funds for federal transportation funding via the PSRC. The Kitsap Countywide Planning Policies tailor the PSRC's regional growth management guidelines to Kitsap County and is the policy framework for the County's and the Cities' comprehensive plans. The Countywide Planning Policies address 15 separate elements, ranging from urban growth areas to affordable housing. The Countywide Planning Policies are required by the GMA and were originally established in 1992. The Kitsap County Planning Policies can be accessed online at the following link: www.kitsapgov.com/dcd/Pages/Kitsap-Countywide-Planning-Policies.aspx 1.6 Community Involvement in the 2044 Update The Plan is ultimately written for the residents of Port Orchard and to implement their visions of the community's future. The GMA requires actively involving the public during the development and update of the Plan. This process began with the creation of a Public Participation Program that outlines opportunities for community involvement, how the public can submit comments, and how the public is notified of open meetings. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-8 The City began soliciting public input in early 2023 at a public Kickoff and Visioning meeting held in January. At this meeting, the City outlined the scope of this 2024 Periodic Update to the Comprehensive Plan and solicited feedback on the City's progress toward implementing the 2036 Targeted Outcomes contained in the City's previously adopted Comprehensive Plan (2016). This feedback was used as a baseline to review community priorities for this Periodic Update and identify new opportunities and challenges since the City's last Comprehensive Plan update. A Policy Workshop held in February of 2024 provided an opportunity to review, give feedback, and revise policy language in the City's Comprehensive Plan. This meeting identified items that must be included in the Plan for consistency with the Washington State Growth Management Act, Puget Sound Regional Council Vision 2050, and the Kitsap County Countywide Planning Policies. The intent of this Workshop was to give the public an opportunity to provide input on policy updates the community felt are needed, given the growth and change throughout the City since the last major Comprehensive Plan Update in 2016. A Land Use Strategies Workshop in May of 2024 summarized updates to the City's Zoning Map, Future Land Use Map, and introduced proposed zoning code revisions. The public was encouraged to attend this meeting to review and provide feedback on the City's anticipated approach to meeting the state, regional, and county regulatory requirements of the 2024 Comprehensive Plan Update process related to land use, zoning, housing, and overall growth that the City will be experiencing over the next 20 years. In association with the subarea planning efforts conducted with this Comprehensive Plan update, the City hosted a public workshop at the Kitsap Regional Library in Port Orchard in July 2024. The workshop presented detailed information related to the specific planning efforts related to the Sedgwick-Bethel and Bethel -Lund subarea Now Figure 1-2. Kickoff and Visioning Meeting plans with the intention of achieving Countywide Center designations for those areas. The workshop prepared interactive maps and questionnaire boards detailing proposed changes to these specific areas of Figure 1-3. Port Orchard Farmers Market Booth the City to collect input on community desires for the future of these areas that have adequate infrastructure, transit service, and developable land to focus growth. More detailed information for these subareas is provided in the Land Use Element. The subarea plans are included as Appendix F and Appendix G of this Comprehensive Plan. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-9 1.7 Organization of the Plan The Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan is designed to align with the community's vision and values. It is built upon the concept of "connections" outlined in Section 1.3, emphasizing that the interlinking of the physical and social environment as discussed in the elements contained within this Plan lead to a stronger community. This leads to the centers strategy, which not only implements the Regional Growth Strategy found in VISION 2050 but is integrated into the Land Use element. The Land Use goals, in turn, then influence all of the other Plan elements, creating a cohesive and interconnected framework. This comprehensive strategy ensures that every aspect of the Plan ties back to the community's vision and overall goals, fostering a well -integrated and sustainable approach to development. Figure 1-4. Organization of the Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan BASELINE INFORMATION 441 CONNECTIONS CONCEPT C%*O% COMMUNITY VISION 0 CENTERS STRATEGY HOUSING PARKS E=_> E=> LAND USE ELEMENT FE.Q! 0*1*i W UTILITIES CAPITAL FACILITIES PLAN ELEMENTS e� ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Y NATURAL SYSTEMS po po 0 0 CLIMATE TRANSPORTATION Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 1-10 Chapter 2 Land Use 2.1 Introduction The Land Use element represents the nexus of the Comprehensive Plan, where land use goals, policies, map designations, and decisions are created to connect and incorporate all other elements through a future -looking lens as Port Orchard continues to develop. The purpose of this section is to provide a framework to guide future land use to help Port Orchard grow in an orderly, rational, and efficient way and help the community realize its potential during the 20-year planning horizon. The goals and policies contained herein recognize that effectively planning for growth can result in lower taxes and fees to fund and maintain infrastructure and services as unplanned growth can reduce efficiency and increase the cost of utilities, roads, and other services, as well as consume valuable open space. The Growth Management Act (GMA) requires Comprehensive Plans to contain land use elements that describe the proposed distribution, location, and extent of land uses. Once adopted, land use goals and policies will be functionally implemented through Port Orchard's development regulations. The Land Use element must plan for the City's population and employment growth projections in accordance with GMA requirements while balancing new development needs with the community's aspirations and values. 2.2 Key Issues and Concepts As a community, Port Orchard is growing due to a healthy birth rate, immigration, and annexation. This plan accommodates Port Orchard's 2044 population and employment growth allocations, as distributed through the VISION 2050 framework and agreed upon in coordination with other Kitsap County jurisdictions in the Countywide Planning Policies. Port Orchard's land use and zoning designations currently provide sufficient land capacity within City boundaries to accommodate the targeted 10,500 additional residents who will make Port Orchard their home (during the 2020-2044 planning period). In conjunction with the findings of the Buildable Lands Report, the Future Land Use Map shows how the additional 3,552 projected and allocated residents in the adjacent Urban Growth Area can be accommodated. A common theme heard throughout the public engagement process for this Comprehensive Plan Update has been focused on how to manage growth in a way that protects the small-town character of the community while allowing for new and innovative development that responds to changing household needs and growth pressures. Figure 2-1 below shows the changes in age brackets from 2010 to 2021, with a noted increase in the 35-54 age bracket (+4% since 2010). As Port Orchard's population ages, the City needs the flexibility to adapt to the changing needs and desires of the various age groups and their unique needs and desires from a land -use perspective. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-11 Figure 2-1. Age Distribution Comparison 13% 14% 18% 15% 15% 12% 13 /o 0 65 and older 1 . 55 to 64 ■ 45 to 54 .• ■35to44 • ■ 20 to 34 ■ 19 and younger Port Orchard (2010) Port Orchard (2021) Kitsap County Washington The Land Use Element establishes the broad, general direction for the City's land use policies. These land use policies are established not only in accordance with the forward -looking population and employment growth projections allocated to the City but are also responsive to the existing population changes that the City has experienced since the last major Comprehensive Plan update. This element provides the City's policy plan for growth over the next 20 years. It also implements many of the goals and objectives in the other plan elements through suggested land use designations and other action recommendations. The Land Use Element specifically considers the general distribution and location of land uses and the appropriate intensity and density of land use designations to accommodate allocated population and employment growth projections. The City's development regulations and permitting processes are used to establish adequate development standards for growth, to ensure it occurs in a manner consistent with both the provisions of GMA and the community's vision for the future. To accomplish this, the Land Use element establishes goals and policies that seek to: • Accommodate changes in population and demographics • Encourage development in urban areas, reduce sprawl, and deliver services efficiently • Ensure land use designations reflect need and demand • Minimize traffic congestion and encourage the development of a multimodal transportation system • Protect open spaces and the natural environment • Promote physical activity • Support a range of employment opportunities • Allow middle housing types in areas predominantly characterized by single family detached housing. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-12 2.3 Land Use Designations The City's Comprehensive Plan Land Use Element identifies seven different land use designations, the distribution for which are shown in Figure 2-2 and mapped in Figure 2-3. These land use designations are implemented through the City's zoning regulations contained in the Port Orchard Municipal Code. As shown in Table 2-1, each land use designation may correspond to one or more zoning designations for implementation. As the City develops subarea plans for its designated centers as described in section 2.7, new zones and standards consistent with this Plan will be created. In doing so, the City will ensure that the land capacity can accommodate the population and employment growth allocations adopted in the countywide planning policies and take reasonable measures to ensure that they are not surpassed. Figure 2-3. Port Orchard Future Land Use Map Figure 2-2. Future Land Use Designation Distribution GB 517 acres PCs 9% 1,274 acres 23% LDR 858 acres 15% IND 138 acres 2% CDM 873 acres 15% MDR 1,928 acres 34% HDR 61 acres 1% `Land Use Designation � Greenbelt (GB( — Low -Density Residential Medium Density Residential (MDR) High-DensityResidential HDR®II�6 ( ) ilk ,�� 4S' a L�Ji a Commercial (CDM) r _ '�� ■ I"iijj J � Urban Industrial (IND) �i.. Public and Community Spaces (Pi �� �� _�Z-fJ� l� �-9EJ4jRSTriz'S s` �. t � B s , sissr'" �e _`jU J� 5 '��� �Il w qv ► Hw 18u�- ftI�r�`�z t _ J. % ILI rr _ it SE st:k4,Egh'.r'-�E J. St .,:,I :.iotuurxav Rc LAI(E RDAl svvatl t_ tAli� L I SEDCWTI, RD 40 r r— k BaKra RD - 1 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-13 Table 2-1. Port Orchard Zone and Land Use Descriptions or ,. Protection of critical areas, habitat management areas, - . - Greenbelt greenbelts, and designated open space. Allows for low density residential development. Low Density Residential Allows for single-family detached housing. R2 allows single-family detached and attached, ADUs, - • - Medium Density duplexes, cottage courts, and Residential townhouses. R3 allows all of the above plus fourplexes and apartment buildings. Allows for cottage courts, • - . - High Density Residential fourplexes, townhouses, and apartment buildings. Allows for commercial uses, �. . -. Commercial retail, office, mixed -use commercial/residential, and professional services. Allows for manufacturing and Urban Industrial assembly, bulk storage and warehousing, and transfer and trucking services. Allows for government Public and Community services, utilities, parks, • Spaces schools, and other related public facilities. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-14 2.4 Zoning and Current Land Use Characteristics Most land in the City is devoted to housing. Figure 2-4. Zoning Designation Distribution —September 2024 Commercial areas throughout the City offer C, a range of goods and services and provide 143%YeS�� employment for residents and those living in surrounding rural areas as well as contribute 138 aloes additional tax revenue to help fund and maintain 1"Mes 2%� public services and facilities. Industrial lands allow for light manufacturing and warehousing <1% IF 8 acres businesses, which also provide job opportunities 1% and support the area's economy. The zoning 35 aces designation acreage distribution is shown in Figure DMU_ 1% 48 acres 2-4 and is mapped in Figure 2-5, both of which are 1% 'd d f f I ' prove a or re erence on y since zoning is a I 21 development regulation that may be amended 4%fey T'riac through a quasi-judicial rezone process as defined cc 182 acreso by the City's code. The Official Zoning Map is kept 3% BPW R4 53 acres 61 -- on file with the City of Port Orchard City Clerk. 1% 1% Figure 2-5. Port Orchard Zoning Map — September 2024 Greenbelt (GB) 000 Downtown Mixed Use (DMU) Residential 1 (I Gateway Mixed Use (GMU) Residential (R2) Neighborhood Mixed Use (NMU) Residential 3 (1 Industrial Flex (IF) Residential 4 (R4) Light Industrial (LI) Commercial Corridor (CC) Civic and Institutional (CI) Commercial Heavy (CH) Public Facd lYle6 (Pi Business Professional Mixed Use (UPMU) Parks and Recreation (PR) -I lit I 858 acres 15% R2 1.639 acres 29% w B�q I S7 4 w w }: ��� �'_- SE HORSTMAN l z AT s � tl➢� r f o SE�. Lit DR Ifll W lbr > s SE MAPLE S7 fS€K--$T; �Ek 0 _ S 7REMDN7 ST rg,) — M 446 oqSE DERGER LN e r w l �v�� �.�`�' �I /I, �. �'a �R' �_II� T C `/ `L , �/ d L 71 I -,,/ f A 4 SE CEDAR RI) 1 H � �F T �., a t/_o r— � 7=—��Y`�I� F, r. -. _ �_ T / �1 �' SE VAN SK� — J L % \� ��✓ I v,F-�,` 5EEWS CT- i �M { jLjjII�% JF I� T'1— �. 1 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-15 2.5 Buildable Land Capacity The Kitsap County 2021 Buildable Lands Report (BLR) found that the City of Port Orchard has room to develop, through vacant or underutilized lands, a total of 6,659 dwelling units, or enough space for 16,250 residents using a variety of housing types, with the BLR basing these calculations on an assumed average of 2.44 people per housing unit. This means that the City has sufficient capacity to accommodate its growth allocation developed under the VISION 2050 framework, but also that it has surplus capacity which could potentially allow the City to exceed its growth allocation. The City's Population Capacity is shown in Table 2-2: Table 2-2. Port Orchard Population Capacity and Demand 2.5.1 Current and Projected Growth and Performance Port Orchard's population growth allocation as found in Appendix B of the Countywide Planning Policies provides a target of 10,500 people to be accommodated between 2020 and 2044. As part of the City's 2024 Comprehensive Plan Periodic Update, the City has the benefit of reviewing historic population growth data to evaluate its performance in accommodating population allocations. Since the City's last Comprehensive Plan Update in 2016, the City grew at an average rate of 3.1% annually as shown in Table 2-3 below. Port Orchard experienced a housing boom beginning in 2020 that continues in 2024. Prior to 2019, growth rates averaged around 2% per year. Since 2020, growth rates have been significantly higher averaging around 5%. The City projects that the current housing boom will slow in the coming years and that growth rates will return to historic averages. Table 2-3. Port Orchard Population Growth OFM Intercensal Population Estimate (prior to 2020) and Postcensal Estimates (after 2020) OFM Forecasting Year Annual Growth Rate The City must maintain an average annual growth rate of 1.788% over the next 20 years to meet (and not exceed) KRCC's growth allocation of an additional 10,500 population in 2044. Alternatively, the City would need to add an average of 389 residents annually over the 20-year period to reach the KRCC growth target. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-16 2.5.2 Employment Capacity The 2021 Kitsap County BLR identifies that the City had an additional employment capacity of 5,243 jobs at the time of writing the BLR, which would result in a small employment deficit compared to the 5,400 allocated employment target established in association with the Kitsap County Countywide Planning Policies. In order to eliminate this deficit, the City has taken multiple regulatory steps: • Increased permitted development heights within the Ruby Creek Subarea • Increased permitted development heights within the Downtown Subarea • Developed new subarea plans for Bethel -Lund and Sedgwick-Bethel areas to apply appropriate zoning for existing/planned transit and infrastructure availability Based on the results of the Land Capacity Analysis conducted in association with this Update, the result of these regulatory steps has created an anticipated employment capacity of 14,015. This exceeds the allocated 2044 employment target of the Countywide Planning Policies by 53 jobs, demonstrating adequate employment capacity for the allocated employment target over the 20-year planning horizon. 2.6 Overlay Districts The City's development regulations include land use overlay districts which are applied in parts of the City. Port Orchard's overlay districts accomplish varying objectives including implementing subarea plans, providing regulations for the development in centers, regulating specific uses, and determining building heights. The City currently utilizes the following overlay districts: • Downtown Height Overlay District (DHOD) • Self -Storage Overlay District (SSOD) • Ruby Creek Overlay District (RCOD) • View Protection Overlay District (VPOD) • McCormick Urban Village Overlay District (MVOD) • Bethel Lund Subarea Height Overlay District • Sedgwick Bethel Subarea Height Overlay District The creation of a new overlay district may be appropriate as the City continues to develop subarea plans under the Centers approach to growth. 2.7 Land Use Goals and Policies Goals are not listed in any particular order. Port Orchard strives to: LU Goal I. Retain Port Orchard's small town commercial and residential character while accommodating allocated growth citywide. Policy LU-1 Ensure that land use and zoning regulations maintain and enhance low density residential neighborhoods, while encouraging that new development provides a mix of housing types. Policy LU-2 Limit industrial development to locations accessible from arterials or freeways and discourage industrial access through residential areas. Policy LU-3 Maintain building and site design standards that support an attractive and functional built environment in all areas of the City. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-17 Policy LU-4 Encourage the subdivision of large parcels and, through private subdivisions and public acquisitions, the creation of a continuous street grid similar in scale to the downtown's, especially in designated centers. LU Goal 2. Ensure that sufficient land is available for development to accommodate allocated growth in population and employment. Policy LU-5 Ensure land use and development regulations enable a supply of housing units within the City and adjacent UGA that will accommodate forecasted population growth. Ensure land use and development regulations enable a supply of commercial retail and office space within the City and adjacent UGA that will accommodate forecasted employment growth. Policy LU-6 Ensure adequate land is available for light industrial and commercial uses, including high technology, medical, and office uses, in appropriate areas to diversify Port Orchard's economic base and provide for the community's changing needs. Policy LU-7 Monitor the rate of residential, light industrial and commercial growth against the 20- year targets established in VISION 2050 and the Countywide Planning Policies, and if growth appears to deviate from a rate that complies with these targets, consider adopting reasonable measures such as reducing/increasing adopted transportation levels of service or accelerating/delaying projects within the City's Capital Improvement Program. Policy LU-8 Allow for a variety of single-family, middle housing, and multi -family housing types and employment opportunities that meet the needs of diverse socioeconomic interests. Policy LU-9 Notify adjacent military facilities of relevant local land use decisions. Policy LU-10 Allow for the siting of organic materials (OM) management facilities to meet OM reduction and diversion goals as identified in the Kitsap County Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Plan. LU Goal 3. Implement a strategy to develop centers. Policy LU-11 In consultation with stakeholders and the general public, develop a comprehensive strategy to implement centers as a means of directing and prioritizing residential and commercial growth. Policy LU-12 Within centers, set minimum building densities that enable lively and active streets and commercial destinations. Such limits may take the form of: minimum floors or building height, floor -area -ratios, and lot coverage; and maximum street setbacks and parking spaces. LU Goal 4. Ensure that both public services and infrastructure are developed in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Policy LU-13 Prioritize capital facilities and transportation investment in those locations targeted for growth and higher land use densities. Policy LU-14 Coordinate with Kitsap County to develop a plan and timeline to annex UGA land adjacent to the City, consistent with the City's capability to provide municipal services and applicable law. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-18 Policy LU-15 Identify land in the UGA that is useful for public purposes, such as utility corridors, transportation corridors, parks, schools, and other public uses. LU Goal S. Protect, enhance, and maintain the values and functions of Port Orchard's natural areas, open spaces, and critical areas. Policy LU-16 Evaluate a range of incentives to encourage compact development to preserve open space throughout the City, possibly to include density credits, incentive zoning, and/or transfer of development rights. Policy LU-17 Prioritize the development of new parks, open space, and passive and active recreational opportunities in underserved neighborhoods and centers, especially those that do not have a park within a 5-minute walk, as identified in the Port Orchard Parks, Recreation and Open Space Plan. Policy LU-18 Incentivize infill development to preserve and protect open space, critical areas, and natural resources. Policy LU-19 Protect the quality and quantity of groundwater used for public water supplies through zoning designations, development regulations, and the local critical areas ordinance. LU Goal 6. Reduce congestion and greenhouse gas emissions, promote public health, reduce auto dependency, and increase multimodal transportation opportunities for accessing retail services, health care services, and places of employment. Policy LU-20 Ensure orderly development, concurrency of infrastructure provision, and protection of environmentally sensitive areas through an effective and predictable permitting process. Policy LU-21 Continue to review zoning, subdivision, and street regulations for barriers to low -impact development. Encourage the minimization of impervious surface areas in development. Policy LU-22 Promote local food security and public health by enabling the establishment of urban agriculture, community gardens, farmers markets, and food production and distribution infrastructure. Policy LU-23 Enable land use patterns that allow all residents to safely and efficiently access commercial services, especially grocery stores and healthcare facilities, without an automobile. Policy LU-24 Encourage the expansion of transit networks that enable both incorporated and unincorporated neighborhoods outside of the City to access job centers within Port Orchard. LU Goal 7. Encourage the development of active, vibrant, and attractive destinations throughout the community. Policy LU-25 Incorporate the following principles in planning for commercial areas: • Create lively and attractive places on a human scale. • Support a mix of retail, office, and residential uses in multistory structures. • Create transitions between commercial areas and surrounding residential neighborhoods. • Protect residential areas from excessive noise, exterior lighting, glare, visual Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-19 nuisances, and other conditions that detract from the quality of the living environment. • Encourage multi -modal transportation options, especially during peak traffic periods. • Promote an intensity and density of land uses sufficient to support effective transit and pedestrian activity. • Promote a street pattern that provides through connections, pedestrian and vehicular access. • Establish urban and architectural design standards that support an attractive and functional pedestrian environment, such as block size limits and requiring street - facing windows and doors. • Encourage pedestrian travel to and within commercial areas by providing: ■ Safe and attractive walkways. ■ Close groupings of land uses. ■ Parking lot design that provides safe walking routes and pedestrian connections between adjacent properties. ■ Off-street surface parking to the backs or sides of buildings to maximize pedestrian access from the sidewalk(s). LU Goal 8. Connect new and existing neighborhoods to each other, to commercial and employment centers, and to public facilities. Policy LU-26 Require adequate transitions between different land uses to mitigate potential negative impacts of noise, light, and air pollution. Policy LU-27 Require new development to provide connections to and through -access for existing and planned trails and roads. Explore strategies to encourage existing development to provide the same as part of a City- and region -wide trail and open space network. LU Goal 9. Encourage the ongoing development of downtown as an active, vibrant community, commercial, social, and civic center while respecting its historic character. Policy LU-28 In conjunction with the Centers Strategy as provided in Section 2.7, enhance downtown Port Orchard's role as the center of the South Kitsap region, reflecting the following principles in development standards and land use plans: • Encourage land uses that support transit centers and promote pedestrian activity. • Promote a mix of uses, including retail, office, and housing. • Encourage uses that will provide both daytime and evening activities. • Support civic, cultural, and entertainment activities. • Provide sufficient public open space and recreational opportunities. • Enhance, and provide access to, the waterfront. • Develop enhanced design guidelines and design review requirements that promote attractive, pedestrian -scale development and redevelopment within the City's historic downtown area. • Encourage and promote commercial building maintenance and occupancy to enhance the downtown business core. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-20 Policy LU-29 Consider conducting a downtown parking study to assess current and future parking needs and develop solutions and strategies to address identified constraints or oversupply. Policy LU-30 Ensure land use designations and development support existing maritime industries, promote creative uses of the waterfront, and facilitate the planning and construction of waterfront parks and gathering places. Goal 10. Collaborate with the County and nearby cities to develop a comprehensive watershed plan that incorporates land use strategies aimed at improving the health of Puget Sound. Policy LU-31 Reduce stormwater impacts from development through watershed planning, redevelopment and retrofit projects, and low -impact development. Policy LU-32 Coordinate land use planning with the County and nearby cities to identify changes that may occur to stream hydrology and water quality as a result of different land use scenarios and under a full build -out of the City's designated land use classifications. Policy LU-33 Implement the recommendations contained within the Downtown Basin Stormwater Plan to ensure that development of the Downtown subarea does not result in increased stormwater runoff and pollution to Puget Sound. Policy LU-34 Implement the 2023 Port Orchard Stormwater and Watersheds Comprehensive Plan. LU Goal 1 I. Ensure land use planning is equitable and does not worsen environmental health disparities. Policy LU-35 Integrate community health, equity, and displacement into appropriate planning practices and decision -making processes. Policy LU-36 Reduce impacts to vulnerable populations' and areas that have been disproportionately affected by noise, air pollution, or other environmental impacts. LU Goal 12. Establish land use patterns that increase the resilience of the built environment, ecosystems, and community to climate change. Policy LU-37 Establish development regulations that incorporate best practices for reducing the risk of wildfire, extreme heat, flooding, and other climate -exacerbated hazards. Policy LU-38 Identify and implement strategies for reducing residential development pressure in the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI). Policy LU-39 For areas within the Wildland Urban Interface, apply the requirements of the Washington Wildland Urban Interface Code. Policy LU-40 Develop regulations for elevating new and substantially improved structures that are at demonstrated risk of damage caused by sea level rise. Policy LU-41 Address rising sea water by siting and planning for relocation of hazardous industries and essential public services away from the 500-year floodplain. ' See RCW 36.70A.030(47) for definition of vulnerable populations Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-21 LU Goal 13. Monitor population growth rates to ensure that the City is accommodating its share of regional growth as allocated in the Countywide Planning Policies. Policy LU-42 If the City's population growth rate varies from the rate needed to meet the 2044 population growth target, the City should consider adopting reasonable measures such as assessing permitted structure height limits, assessing allowable densities in areas with supporting infrastructure, assessing adopted transportation levels of service or modifying the priority of growth -related projects within the City's Capital Improvement Program. LU Goal 14. Coordinate and collaborate with other cities, counties, ports, special purpose districts, agencies, tribes, and the military in furtherance of regional goals and policies. Policy LU-43 Consider the potential impacts of development to culturally significant sites and tribal treaty fishing, hunting, and gathering grounds. 2.8 The Centers Strategy 2.8.1 Introduction Throughout the post-war housing booms of the 1920s and 1940s, suburban residential development has become synonymous with the beginning of a development pattern known as urban sprawl. Sprawl expands development over large amounts of land, resulting in long distances between homes, jobs, and stores. It also significantly increases dependence on the automobile and traffic on neighborhood streets and highways, as driving is required for nearly every activity. This development pattern also draws economic resources away from existing communities and spreads them thinly and inefficiently, far away from a community's historic core. This increases spending on new roads, new water and sewer lines, and police and fire protection. This ultimately leads to the degradation of the older city, higher taxes, and fewer available resources for already existing communities. In the early 1990s, Washington sought to combat this adverse development style by adopting the Growth Management Act (GMA). Among other ambitions, the GMA suggested a new development pattern broadly known as "centers". In association with the City's 2016 major update to the Comprehensive Plan, the City designated ten "local centers" in accordance with the criteria provided in the Puget Sound Regional Council's (PSRC) VISION 2040. In subsequent years, VISION 2040's criteria and terminology for centers have been revised, and as such the City has revised its center terminology and boundaries for consistency. Based on the new criteria established in PSRC's VISION 2050, the City has five designated "countywide centers" and four designated "local centers". Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-22 Figure 2-3. The advantages of Infrastructure and Land Use Concurrency Compact development Power Sewer enables efficiency in y:py.1 �•� capital facilities w� construction and service delivery Roads Water A. Least Dense 2.8.2 What are Centers? B. Moderately Dense C. Most Dense nnn nnn nnn _ nun nnn .•". - / ■ w8 Traditional neighborhoods often had smaller business districts that served surrounding residential areas. These districts typically had retail shops, markets, and services that were a short walk from the homes in the area. Additionally, these districts created a unique identity that solidified the neighborhood. With the increased cost of fuel and the economic recession, residents of Port Orchard have expressed a preference for the development of smaller, local retailers and service providers in places that knit people and commerce together on a local level. Centers are focused areas of development that have key uses which enable the City to deliver services more cost -efficiently and equitably pursue a development pattern that is environmentally and economically sound and provide a means of influencing growth and change through collaboration with the community in planning for the future of these areas. This strategy helps to accommodate growth in designated areas while preserving the existing character of the community, thereby retaining more open space and the dominant pattern of existing development. Centers accomplish these objectives by: • Concentrating a thoughtful mix of supporting uses. • Allowing more intense development while maintaining appropriate scale. • Offering a wider variety of housing types that meets the needs of the broader community. • Minimizing the dependence on vehicle trips. The Centers strategy is a comprehensive and long-term approach to planning for a sustainable future that helps preserve those aspects of the community that residents' value. This approach is intended to maximize the benefit of public investment in infrastructure and services and promote collaboration with private interests and the community to achieve mutual benefits. Providing opportunities for residents, jobs, stores, services, and open spaces to be located in close proximity can reduce the reliance on cars for shopping and commuting and offer better access to daily wants and needs. Increasing residential and employment densities in key locations makes transit and other public services convenient for more people and therefore makes these services more efficient. According to VISION 2050, centers serve important roles as sub -regional hubs and secondary concentrations of development. They provide a dense mix of housing and services, such as stores, medical offices, and libraries. They serve as focal points where people come together for a variety of activities, including business, shopping, living, and recreation. They often have a civic character with community facilities, such as municipal buildings and other public places. Local centers should be served Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-23 by regular local transit and regional express transit service and should have a complete network of sidewalks and access to bicycle paths and transit facilities. The Regional Centers Framework' identifies the process for the designation of Centers and defines five different types of Centers: Regional Growth Centers Regional Growth Centers are major centers strategically located to accommodate significant population and employment growth. They are characterized by compact, pedestrian -oriented development, with a mix of office, commercial, civic, entertainment, and residential uses. Regional growth centers include two subtypes — Metro Growth Centers and Urban Growth Centers. Metro Growth Centers must meet a minimum existing density of 30 activity units per acre and a minimum planned target density of 85 activity units per acre. Urban Growth Centers must meet a minimum existing density of 18 activity units per acre and a minimum planned target density of 45 activity units per acre. Manufacturing/Industrial Centers Manufacturing/Industrial Centers are areas that preserve lands for family -wage jobs in basic industries and trade and provide areas where that employment may grow in the future. They are characterized by having industrial land uses and being located near ports, railroads or major highways. Manufacturing/Industrial Centers include two subtypes — Industrial Employment Centers and Industrial Growth Centers. Both subtypes must meet specific criteria for designation, including a minimum number of existing jobs, capacity to meet a minimum number of planned jobs, and have a regional role. Countywide Centers Countywide Centers are designated in accordance with each county's countywide planning policies and serve an important role as places for concentrating jobs, housing, shopping and recreational opportunities. Countywide Centers include two subtypes — Countywide Growth Centers and Countywide Industrial centers. Countywide Growth Centers must be designated within the County's Comprehensive Plan and must also meet a minimum existing density of 10 activity units per acre and must plan for a mix of residential and employment uses and have capacity for additional growth. Countywide Industrial Centers must also be designated within the County's Comprehensive Plan and have a minimum of 1,000 existing jobs and/or 500 acres of industrial land, as well as be 75% zoned for industrial uses, and have capacity for additional growth. Local Centers VISION 2050 calls for local jurisdictions to support a centers -based approach to planning and development and designate Local Centers. These centers are designated through a local planning process, not through the Regional Centers Framework process. Military Installations Military installations are a vital part of the region, and while they are not subject to local, regional or state plans and regulations, recognizing the role they play in the regional economy and to regional growth patterns is important to local planning. s https://www.psrc.org/media/3038 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-24 Centers achieve "Designated" status when they are officially recognized by PSRC and approved in accordance with the Regional Centers Framework. They are then eligible for infrastructure investments and prioritized for transit access. Centers that are identified as "Candidates" are those that have been identified for future growth but are still being planned for their suitability and feasibility as a Center. Figure 2-4. Pedestrian -focused Town Center Concept 2.8.3 Designated Centers (Existing and Planned) The following centers have been designated in the City's comprehensive plan by center type: Regional Centers The City has no designated regional centers at this time. Downtown Port Orchard was evaluated as part of the Downtown Subarea Planning Process as a candidate for regional center designation but achieving the PSRC requirement for 45 activity units per acre was determined to be too large of a change to Downtown Port Orchard. As Downtown continues to grow and evolve, its candidacy as a regional center should be revisited in the future. Manufacturing/Industrial Centers The City has no designated Manufacturing/Industrial Centers currently. The City's only industrial park is too small to be considered either a Manufacturing/Industrial Center or a Countywide Center. Port Orchard is served by the nearby Puget Sound Industrial Center — Bremerton. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-25 Countywide Centers The City has five designated Countywide Centers. Not all of these Countywide Centers meet the minimum activity units per acre threshold per the PSRC Regional Centers Criteria for Countywide Centers (ten activity units per acre). The City intends that these Countywide Centers which do not presently meet the activity unit threshold set by PSRC will undergo land use capacity analysis in association with future subarea planning efforts to meet the activity unit threshold. These centers may temporarily be recognized as candidate countywide centers or local centers until the activity unit threshold is met. The City's designated Countywide Centers are as follows: 1. Downtown Port Orchard 2. Ruby Creek 3. Mill Hill 4. Sedgwick Bethel S. Bethel Lund Local Centers The City has designated the following local centers: 1. Annapolis 2. Old Clifton Industrial Park 3. Tremont Center 4. McCormick Woods Military Installations The City has no military installations within the City Limits. Figure 2-5. Port Orchard Centers Map CENTERS ANNAPOLIS ,� I BETHELJWND � Ts DOWNTOWN r r'ZNlI1FfL'd1T17 MCORMICK '�C71I':V®IL'A MILE HILL OLD CLIFTON INDUSTRIAL II KITSAP ST '-~`••-' : y RUBY CREEK T r sL,arls:, w DrvrsrDNST SEDGWICK(BETHEL s - E, AEA e �TREMONT� KENDALLsT Ha...St11lLE.q{y�,R 77 SRouFE Sr �'-B€loft I RR !Tlvl� ATEY ST 1 j. I T TryTI�r� Tr_ w J !T I [ AL -JNE Av. r_ iT. SE VAiurR e -j i � TITp�I EERRk{AKc RE 1 ¢ �' Xg 1 _ �iL.s ^ �.t460 P.D.� `�I se cEE—,c- ' _ /h ) .. f / / f � 1 " 1•, '^� �>v6eearL _ �f' �� i i u„ ^ia -r� IZ u� :L L ] Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-26 2.8.4 General Center Policies The following are a list of general policies that Centers should seek to fulfill. Although Centers have common elements, it should be acknowledged that each Center is unique and have/will have a different set of priorities. Center goals and policies should be tailored to the specific Center in question. Generally, Centers should seek to: Policy CN-1 Prioritize the City's residential, commercial and light industrial growth and infrastructure investments within designated Centers, in accordance with VISION 2050 and the Countywide Planning Policies. Policy CN-2 Focus future growth in designated, higher intensity areas in an effort to encourage the preservation of open space and maintain surrounding neighborhood character. Policy CN-3 Shorten commutes by concentrating housing and employment in strategic locations, which provides residents opportunities to live and work in the same neighborhood. Policy CN-4 Provide commercial services that serve the population of the Center, surrounding neighborhoods, the city, and the region (dependent on the suitability of the scale of each Center). Policy CN-5 Support pedestrian and transit uses by promoting compact, mixed -use areas with appropriate infrastructure that provide a variety of activities. Policy CN-6 Balance objectives for accommodating growth, encouraging compatibility, promoting housing affordability, and offering a wide range of housing types. Policy CN-7 Provide access to parks and public pedestrian spaces by creating them within each Center or by creating connections to existing public and open spaces. Policy CN-8 During subarea planning for Centers, develop an implementation plan that addresses how the City will meet Center goals through appropriate land use designations, annexation, development of capital facilities and utilities, and related measures. Policy CN-9 The City shall direct growth to Centers of all types through focused regulations and directed capital projects. Policy CN-10 The City should support employment growth, the increased use of non -automobile transportation options, and the preservation of the character of existing built-up areas by encouraging residential and mixed -use development at increased densities in designated Centers. Policy CN-11 The City shall ensure that higher density development in Centers is either within walking or biking distance of jobs, schools, and parks and is well -served by public transit. Policy CN-12 The City shall create and designate zoning that allows a mix of uses to accommodate concentrations of employment and housing. Policy CN-13 The City shall encourage a broad range of housing types and commercial uses within designated Centers, through zoning and development regulations that serve a local, citywide, or regional market. Policy CN-14 The City shall encourage the creation of public open space, private open space, and parks within and serving designated centers. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-27 2.8.5 Center Descriptions and Policies Downtown Port Orchard Countywide Center In 2021, the City completed a subarea plan for Downtown Port Orchard which is adopted by reference in Appendix D. This plan combined two previous centers, the Downtown Port Orchard and County Campus Centers into one center. The center was evaluated for possible designation as a Regional Urban Growth Center, but there was a lack of support for increasing the level of activity in the center to a planned target of 45 activity units per acre. The boundaries of this center are shown on the map below: Figure 2-6. Downtown Port Orchard Countywide Center Map DOWNTOWN a TT o 0 �L AROSpFcr s y� sT PROSPECT ALY KITSAP S DEKALB ST 3 - + DEKALB ST TUGBOAT ALY-- DWIGHT ST — DWIGHTS7_— ti�":�7 II �dvls aN s L� —T ■ �^19II7N'ST a DIVISION ST n m EANY ST Ij F—F— 4 I a _ wl a , I� JI I I TAYLOR S7 a AFIR — - SMITHST ¢ 5 � L 51. r+ II t}} Lr KENDALL ST wl SROUFE ST / ir I— Irr� ' �11 i - 1 ■- i 5E MILE RILZyo� Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-28 Tremont Local Center The purpose of the Tremont Subarea Plan is to ensure that future development in the Tremont Corridor is guided by specific standards and land use regulations that have been generated by community wide involvement. Planning efforts prior to 2010 established a vision, goals, and policies for the neighborhood which appear in this section. Figure 2-7. Tremont Countywide Center Map TRE�MONT ■ ♦ ,, —. • — V �JL— 1=�—SOUT"Sy ■ 1 ■ / ss ■ 7 {� �� N', ■ ,✓ SUNSET LNW � T � CLAY LN tI cr souTU K[rsea si \i/ J� �n � 1 `rT _. � - - - �/ � 1 ''� �►4 � \ \� LIB s _ t , RT f a' , �TTT — ■� •—� T �_ �( f� �� I • � .� I �1 I 4� I I 1 �` sIL Irl�f SSW r-e EA G o" i �` W �� nUr�dMar R61 Tremont Vision The Tremont Corridor is one of three primary entry points into the City of Port Orchard from Highway 16. Presently the area is a mix of single-family residences, commercial, health care facilities and multi- family residences. The expanded Harrison Hospital Urgent Care Campus and Kaiser Permanente facilities are the anchors for businesses along the corridor, particularly from Pottery Avenue west to State Route 16 forming the basis for a Hospital Benefit District. The Tremont Corridor is a through -way for travelers and residents wanting to access shops and services in the core of the city and businesses and homes in outlying areas. The Tremont Corridor also announces to residents and visitors alike that Port Orchard has economic vitality and provides services and opportunities to its citizens and residents in the south Kitsap area. Tremont Corridor and Port Orchard residents have determined that they would like to see the corridor developed in way that encourage professional businesses that support the health care facilities already Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-29 in place and businesses that allow the continuing free flow of traffic from State Route 16 into the downtown areas. Focus should be placed upon pedestrian connections within the district as well as providing a regional connection to the South Kitsap areas served by the hospitals and emergency service providers within the district. The City completed a roadway reconstruction project within the Tremont Corridor in 2018, which improved intersections, created bicycle lanes, widened sidewalks, provided street trees in landscape strips, and a landscaped median that creates a boulevard style of roadway. The Tremont corridor is promoted to include design standards that will necessitate new development to provide a consistent, attractive landscape edge while maintaining a human scale to new and redevelopment projects. A system of trails that are pedestrian and bike friendly connecting the Tremont Corridor to the Port Orchard marine walkway with trails through natural areas are key to the success of the Tremont district. The Tremont district is envisioned with some multi -family residences to accommodate the combination of residential and employment land uses within walking distances of the major health care facilities. Some cafes and neighborhood services are also envisioned to support those living, working, or visiting the health care facilities. Regulations and design guidelines should help to ensure that parking is provided in a manner that is beneficial to the neighborhood and enhances the flow of transportation through the district. In addition, Tremont Corridor stakeholders envision monument signage that are tastefully designed and constructed of natural materials. The corridor from Pottery Avenue east to Sidney Road consists primarily of single-family residences and small clinics. Single family uses are encouraged as a desired mix of services and residential uses within this district. Tremont Housing and Employment As of 2018, the Tremont Center measured 215 acres containing 1,092 residents and 702 jobs. This equates to eight activity units per acre under the PSRC regional centers framework. Tremont Center Goals and Policies TC Goal 1. Encourage development within the area that supports the major hospital and medical installations (Harrison Hospital and Kaiser Permanente) and assists the emergency response agencies in the corridor (South Kitsap Fire and Rescue). Policy TC-1 Encourage regulations that enhance existing businesses while providing incentives that promote economic growth in the corridor while maintaining sensitivity to residents in the area. Policy TC-2 Encourage professional and office uses that support the medical industry and create pedestrian oriented health care focus. Policy TC-3 Promote the creation of a hospital benefit district that will create opportunities for additional community and economic development funding. TC Goal 2. Encourage residential units within walking distance to employment, services, and health care facilities. Policy TC-4 Require sidewalks or interconnected pedestrian paths or a system of trails for non - motorized transportation with all new development. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-30 TC Goal 3. Encourage development of an efficient multimodal transportation system and develop a funding strategy and financing plan to meet its needs. Policy TC-5 Encourage all new developments to limit direct access to Tremont Street. Policy TC-6 All future City paving projects on streets within the Tremont Corridor should include continuous six-foot paved walkways for pedestrian use. Policy TC-7 Developments abutting public rights -of -way within the Tremont Corridor should include sidewalks and bicycle lanes consistent with the non -motorized improvements identified in the Transportation Element. Policy TC-8 The City shall help to facilitate the development of trail systems that connect the Tremont Corridor with transportation facilities in the surrounding areas. Policy TC-9 Encourage the expansion of Kitsap Transit's service to increase trip frequency within the Tremont Corridor. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-31 Mile Hill Countywide Center The Mile Hill Countywide Center consists of development along the Mile Hill Road commercial corridor and adjacent multifamily development from the South Kitsap Mall to the eastern City boundary near Whittier Avenue SW. The area is served by Kitsap Transit. As of 2018, the Lower Mile Hill Countywide Center measured 70 acres containing 174 residents and 288 jobs. This equates to seven activity units per acre under the PSRC regional centers framework. The City should aim to develop a subarea plan for this center in future years. Figure 2-8. Mile Hill Countywide Center Map 61. rX — 4r 1� I ,illy 1r■y`I,I f 7 �4V oo�J s ao rl I- 15'�REFT. OOP : �:• IF--��--=�I woo rll;'- —I ! 7'" II IN I I I I - L i;'� ■ - �Ai SE M E HILLOR ,� -- Ilioodi,. —r ■I'+Ijp 411 Tr Ifff I -L I .701 1 01- `� �UL• �,`+�= s� d ICI ' ir IIon ,,ti���YF � LIN r� YR 41, �IL lad Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-32 Sedgwick-Bethel Countywide Center The Sedgwick-Bethel Subarea spans across a total of 235.7 acres and is situated at the intersection of SE Sedgwick Road and Bethel Road SE. Sedgwick-Bethel is bordered by Port Orchard's unincorporated area to the east and by Blackjack Creek to the west. The study area's northern boundary encompasses recent developments and other vacant and developable lands. The Subarea's existing and pipeline development meets the Countywide Centers Designation Criteria and, with additional land capacity, can accommodate up to 20.6 Activity Units per acre. For detailed information related to this Center, see Appendix F: Sedgwick-Bethel Subarea Plan. Figure 2-9. Sedgwick-Bethel Countywide Center Map LI if IN II I+IUM•I ��� Ilr ■ T s€ sao�eEkAv Ro —I I— _�`L Ti_I TT Y. sE si�LMONBERRYRU —1 - I_1 —I ��� ;IrL �I*�i-T� I�III o a - I _ a 41 0 SE BLUEBERRY RD SE KOOA QR r - — W i SE PIPEREERRY WAY i ■ 1 y I 1� � I � ■ �i61 i r 1 40 ■' ■I — h S€ SEDGWICK RD— Tit •�■1 A •too L: �- r I I� � � ,- �_ �■ I I i i-I i I r� f l i •� 1 9 L■w t Ly . �- F 1 - L Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-33 Bethel -Lund Countywide Center The Bethel -Lund Subarea is centrally located at the intersection of Bethel Road SE and SE Lund Avenue and bounded on the west by Blackjack Creek and east by Port Orchard's unincorporated area. The study area covers a total of 211.2 acres and extends north and south to capture areas of recent and upcoming developments. The Subarea's existing and pipeline development meets the Countywide Centers Designation Criteria and, with additional land capacity, can accommodate up to 14.5 Activity Units per acre. For detailed information related to this Center, see Appendix G: Bethel -Lund Subarea Plan. Figure 2-10. Bethel -Lund Countywide Center Map BETHELILUND i`y Aiv i 4, se LUNoeER�R� �_��� ���� ��, �y. ■ I}'h� it — �IVE IV �- f SE LUND AVE' r--- sg�r+;IwttL�r�/ i f■• � �� I J I I I 1 1 �,. r T7 �.iL 1 w l-s�-f—,I .�-I R�' (JI i�l■ I I � � � 1lFTR+ Kr�f �l i fi SE ]ERk1'�lNs...l- OIN h _ �..I DENROD ST I r � 1 I• � �, I I �tl Jr wl �; �� -I ■ - - � }�! -Vf -.1I- albi�al �I ri l� NIA di 4 IWO —�aa r�;. LI �hl+rr�l -�■ �rl. Imo' I,r i ��r !I I� -NEI L I'�I _��a�l, I -I .I.!■I saLrgoyvaL-�Rvx�� E11 �� I.ukl i Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-34 Sedgwick-Sidney (Ruby Creek Neighborhood) Countywide Center The Sedgwick-Sidney Countywide Center is a rapidly developing area of the City at the intersection of Sidney Road SW and SW Sedgwick Road that has seen significant multifamily and commercial development since its designation in the 2016 Comprehensive Plan as a Countywide Center. The area is served by Kitsap Transit. The City has developed the Ruby Creek Neighborhood Subarea Plan, which was adopted in September 2020. As detailed in the Subarea Plan, the center is planned to consist of 14.82 activity units per acre (with activity units being measured by combined capacity of jobs and housing units), with the activity units being comprised of a mix of approximately 73% residential and 27% commercial at full build -out. Figure 2-11. Sedgwick-Sidney Countywide Center Map It a RUBY CREEK — ���I� — � �� 7I r4 1 - I 1 o N, i �I i _7 J t �— BUtG3s�e._te — n` E � I T x m \ v �- L SW HOVOE RD "� 4��� � � � � L ,I 141• I, �� �� ! ii= r �, f— w•r-ram �--•�-.. _.� _ _ _; u � �'\� sm \' I A� o SW SEDGWICC t'SW HEPBURN WAY R� It 1.-� ■ —— 1 t III swuo�u�R� �- ; Old Clifton Industrial Park Local Center The Old Clifton Industrial Employment Local Center is located at the site of reclaimed sand and gravel mine. Its close proximity to transportation facilities and its isolation as a result of past mining activities make it an ideal site for industrial and employment uses. The site is served by Kitsap Transit and is located along Old Clifton Road near State Route 16. The City should work to develop a sub area plan for this area as time and resources allow. There is the potential to expand this center boundary to the south along Old Clifton Road. Any expansion should be evaluated as part of the development of a subarea plan. Figure 2-12. Old Clifton Industrial Park Local Center Map 1 �� \ LLD CLIFTON INDUSTRIAL- - -.. Z1-�T- - i t i I I I - ' li CAP LN` M �- LUMSDEN RD - - - LLYD PKVN • - -. -_ m � .•, � Z � � m Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-36 McCormick Woods Local Center The McCormick Woods Local Center is located along SW Old Clifton Road near the western boundary of Port Orchard. The Subarea includes the McCormick Village commercial district which is surrounded by a mix of single family and middle housing types. The Center includes the McCormick Village Regional Park and a future South Kitsap School District school site. In 2021, a subarea plan for this local center was prepared. See Appendix E to the Comprehensive Plan — McCormick Urban Village Subarea Plan. Figure 2-13. McCormick Woods Local Center Map i NE eE �i Z MCORMICK — 9 I R� \ \ F`— — — SW PIED LN �' Y �F !0-/ �/ ••I .� ' �'' q4 S�.� Sy, r •/' GR I41 Y { SW YARROW ST • � �� �� SW OLD CL[FTON RD 7-7 ;tI Z r Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-37 Annapolis Local Center The Annapolis Local Center is located on the Sinclair Inlet shoreline east of the Port Orchard's Downtown Countywide Center. This center includes Mitchell Point and the Annapolis Pier, from which Kitsap Transit operates a foot ferry service to Bremerton during the work week. Commuter parking is located east of the pier. The area also includes several historic buildings, commercial services, and residences, as well as a public dock and kayak launch point. The Bay Street Pedestrian Pathway will end at the foot ferry facility. Figure 2-14. Annapolis Local Center Map ANNAPOLIS �/* A Ilk 2.8.6 Road Map to Implementation Further planning for centers is required to implement the City's vision for the overall centers' strategy. The City is committed to undertaking a sub area planning process for each center, to better identify center boundaries and to develop a vision statement, goals, and policies for each center that are responsive to the unique attributes of that center. This planning process will establish recommendations for amending development regulations, zoning designations, design guidelines and capital facility plans to reflect and implement the sub area plans. It also ensures that public engagement and community outreach efforts will be conducted to provide members of the community the opportunity to help steer the direction of the planning efforts. Subarea plans for the centers will be adopted into the City's Comprehensive Plan. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 2-38 Chapter 3 Housing 3.1 Introduction The intent of the Housing element is to establish coordinated and comprehensive policies that will help guide decisions on housing issues within and around Port Orchard. Provisions that ensure suitable housing opportunities for all socioeconomic levels are a primary consideration in enhancing the quality of life found in Port Orchard. Information in the Housing Element is supplemented by the June 2023 Housing Action Plan, which identified current housing trends Housing Vision and developed actionable strategies through an equity lens Enable housing opportunities for all to support and encourage housing production that meet socioeconomic levels that local community housing needs. The Housing Element also accommodates population growth works in conjunction with the overarching goals of the entire while balancing new and existing Comprehensive Plan, as well as the housing goals of neighborhood characteristics. Washington's Growth Management Act (GMA). As Port Orchard grows, it will be important to provide a variety of housing types to suit the needs and preferences of the expanding population. Addressing housing from various perspectives, such as promoting homeownership and creating more diverse housing opportunities, will be necessary to meet the housing needs of all of Port Orchard's residents now and into the future. Through the adopted goals and policies under the Housing Element, the City will pursue opportunities to: • Preserve and improve existing housing stock • Expand overall housing supply • Encourage housing that is affordable to all income levels • Establish mechanism to reduce displacement due to development • Promote thriving, healthy neighborhoods Figure 3-1. Housing example Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-39 3.2 Conditions and Trends 3.2.1 Housing Stock Housing Type As of 2021, there were 6,165 housing units in the City, per 2020 census data. Port Orchard's housing stock is predominantly single -unit buildings (70%), nearly all of which are single-family detached homes and a small number of attached townhomes. Figure 3-2. Housing Unit Type in Port Orchard 2020. Larger apartment building with 5+units make up the next largest category (22%). There are relatively few "middle housing" 2-4 units and 3-4 manufactured homes. The breakdown of 4 housing unit type is shown in Figure 3-2. Housing Age and Production Port Orchard's housing stock is considerably younger than regional averages. Over half of the housing stock was built after 1990, and two-thirds was built after 1980. This is reflective of Port Orchard's high rate of Man i sfarti i rarl Source: 2020 American Community Survey S-Year Estimates, Table DP04. housing production and permitting in recent decades. Figure 3-3 shows an uptick in permitting starting in the early 2000s and the prevalence of single-family and larger apartment developments. Note that this data shows issued permits, not all these projects were and will be necessarily completed. Most of the single-family development seen in the past five years has been in McCormick Woods subdivision, which was annexed by the City in 2009, and the Bethel-Sedgwick area. Recent forthcoming projects of multifamily developments have been spread out throughout Port Orchard. According to the City's permit data, over 5,000 units are currently in the pipeline which shows some increase in housing diversity with future developments of fourplex, townhomes, accessory dwelling units, and mixed uses (Figure 3-3). The high rate of housing production will almost double the Port Orchard' housing inventory within the next several years. Figure 3-3. Permits Issued in Port Orchard by Unit Type, 1982-2022 600 ■ 5+ Unit Multifamily 500 E Triplex / 4-Plex E ■ Duplex 400 a Single -Family 300 0 a5 200 E ,z 100 0 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 Source: U.S Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) State of the Cities Data Systems (SOCDS) Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-40 Figure 3-4. Number of Units Permitted with Certificates of Occupancy Expected 2022 and Later by Unit Type 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 E z 1,000 500 0 2022 Source: City of Port Orchard. 2022 2024 Permitting Initiated, Timellne Uncertain ■ Mixed -Use Development ■ 5+ Unit Apartment 4-flex Townhouse ■ Development including single- family homes and townhomes Single Family Middle housing provides solutions to expand housing choices and opportunities for households at all income levels and stages of life. As seen in Figure 3, developments of middle housing types, including fourplexes and townhomes, are gaining traction, likely due to the increasing need of more attainable housing choices. Supporting the development of middle housing can help expand the overall housing supply, potentially alleviating price pressures across the housing market. Additionally, it can create more homeownership opportunities, as these housing types are generally more affordable than single-family homes due to lower per -unit construction and land costs. Middle housing can also gently increase residential density in existing residential and mixed -use neighborhoods, easing pressures for additional infrastructure or further sprawl and foster more walkable neighborhoods as more residents can live near job centers and transit hubs and support retail corridors. 3.2.2 Tenure The majority of Port Orchard residents are homeowners (61%), while 39 percent are renters. This closely mirrors the statewide averages for renter households (36%), but it is notably higher than the county average (30%), largely due to the number of apartments in Port Orchard compared to the other parts of the county. Renters often face greater housing instability, including risks of eviction and rent increases, challenges that homeowners are less likely to encounter. Moreover, renters are more likely to be Black, Indigenous, and Other People of Color (BIPOC), as well as lower -income households, compounding these housing -related challenges. See 3.3 Housing Affordability and Figure 11, Share of Household Tenure by Race/Ethnicity. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-41 What is Middle Housing? "Middle housing" includes duplexes, townhouses, cottages, courtyard apartments, and other building types that fall between single-family detached houses and apartments. Middle housing units tend to be more affordable to build than single-family houses and offers greater varieties of layout and sizes that are suited for a wider range of households. Expanding the areas where middle housing is allowed offer greater opportunities for "starter homes", or homeownership, to the new generation. ADUs Duplexes/ Triplexes Townhouses Source: Makers, 2023 Courtyard apartments Fourplexes Cottage Clusters Small apartments (5-10 units) Figure 3-5 below shows that renters in Port Orchard tend to earn less than homeowners. In 2021, the median household income for renter households was $47,785, compared to $101,318 for ownership households. Additionally, renters have experienced slower income growth than homeowners. Between 2010 and 2021, renter incomes increase by 28 percent whereas ownership households grew by 58 percent increase. These disparities in both income and growth rate raise concerns about the ability of renters to transition into homeownership, particularly as wealthier households may outbid them for available housing. Figure 3-5. Median Household Income by Tenure in Port Orchard, 2010-2021 $101,318 ■ 2010 ■ 2021 $75,766 $64,068 $50,275 $47,785 $37,351 All Households Ownership Households Renter Households Source: American Community Survey 2021 5-Year estimates, Table 52503 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan 1 December 2024 Page 3-42 Vacancy Rates During the mid-2010s, vacancy rates for both renters and homeowners decreased but have recently rebounded due to the increase in housing demand and prices. The overall vacancy rate is currently around 8.5 percent as of April 2024. 3.2.3 Demographics Port Orchard is a rapidly growing city, currently home to 18,300 residents as of April 1, 2024. Since the last Comprehensive Plan Update in 2016, Port Orchard has grown on average 3.1 percent annually. Over the 20-year planning horizon for this 2024 Comprehensive Plan Update, the City is required to plan for 10,500 additional population by 2044 based on Countywide Planning Policies and population allocations. The historical growth rate and population allocation suggests a sustained demand for housing in Port Orchard in the coming years. Refer to the Land Use Element Section 2.5.1 for additional population growth and population allocation information. Port Orchard's population is notably younger. During the 2010-2021 period, over half the residents were under 34 years old, typically working and family -building ages, resulting in a corresponding increase in children under 19. Port Orchard also has a smaller share of residents of adults 65 and over. Figure 3-6 shows the racial and ethnic makeup of Port Orchard residents. About two-thirds of Port Orchard's residents are white and has a relatively large share of Hispanic/Latino and Asian populations. Port Orchard is more diverse than Kitsap County, where 25 percent of the population identifies as persons of color compared to 30 percent in Port Orchard. According to 2021 ACS, about 3.5 percent of Port Orchard residents, or 351 residents, speak Spanish at home. Figure 3-6. Race & Ethnicity in Port Orchard, 2021 Two or More Native Hawaiian Races American Ind / Alaska Nat[ 1% Black / Africai American 2% 69% Source: American Community Survey 2021, 5-year Estimate, Table DP02 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-43 Households Overall, Port Orchard's average household size (2.56) is similar to county (2.53) and statewide averages (2.55). Port Orchard has a high share of households of married or cohabitating couples with no children (34%) and those with children (29%). Figure 3-7. Port Orchard Population and Growth Rate, 1960 — 2020 Older Adults Living Alo 9% Single Adult(s) 20% Single parents 8% Source: Washington Office of Financial Management U.S Census Bureau, LCG Couple, No children 34% , with ren 29 % Figure 3-8 shows the current mismatch between the need and availability of housing units for smaller household size. Approximately 57 percent of households are made up of one or two people, whereas only 35 percent of housing units are studio, one- or two -bedroom units. Although smaller households may choose to live in larger units, the mismatch can lead to housing affordability issues if smaller households are not able to find units suitable to their needs and budget. Figure 3-8. Household Size and Housing Unit Size in Port Orchard, 2021 Household Size 4+ per—n house[ 264 3-persor househol 17% 1-nerson hold rson ?hold 35% Housing Unit Size 4+ Studio / 1 bE hPHrnnm bedre 42% Source: American Community Survey 2021 5-Year Estimates, Tables DP04, S2501 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-44 Port Orchard's younger population and shifting household dynamics signal the growing demand for smaller, more affordable housing options. As younger residents age and form families, the future demand for larger housing units is also likely to grow. To meet these evolving needs, encouraging alternative housing solutions, such as accessory dwelling units (ADUs) and middle housing, create a flexible and adaptable housing market. These options offer a range of benefits, from accommodating multigenerational households to supporting older adults who wish to age in place and maintain their independence. By diversifying housing choices, Port Orchard can better respond to its residents' changing needs over time, ensuring long-term stability and inclusivity within the community. 3.3 Housing Affordability Lack of affordable housing has ranked as a very high community concern. The Port Orchard Housing Action Plan (HAP) engaged with housing stakeholders and the general public, who conveyed there is a lack of housing options in Port Orchard, even with recent regulatory changes by the City. Low - to -moderate income workers and fixed - income retirees report struggling to afford housing in Port Orchard, and long-time residents are seeing their adult children unable to afford buying a home in Port Orchard. There is concern that essential service and retail workers are leaving the community, limiting the social and economic diversity of Port Orchard, and thus creating challenging conditions for local businesses. In a survey, a little over 60 percent of renters and almost 50 percent of homeowners reported being at risk of losing their home from a major unexpected financial event (such as an illness or job Universal Design and Aging in Place. Housing opportunities are maximized if housing design and choices accommodate the change people experience over their lives due to aging or life circumstances. Universal design principles ensure that all members of the community, regardless of age, size, or ability, can enjoy and use the built environment. Thus, promoting housing options, services, proFigure 5-3. Blackjack Creek cFigure 5-2. Flooding occurrence nFigure 5-4. Ross Creek s to create a more livable community. Bathroom and kitchen designed with universal des loss). Furthermore, housing providers report Source: U.S HUD that cost inputs for new housing are going in the wrong direction amid rising prices for materials, labor, and land. Despite these great challenges, there may be some regulatory opportunities to improve the cost efficiency of construction plus opportunities to create partnerships with affordable housing providers. Regulatory tweaks to the code and design standards, promoting multifamily tax exemption (MFTE) program, and friendlier development processes for housing providers are among the solutions stakeholders feel could help better achieve Port Orchard's housing goals. 3.3.1 Housing Tools, Incentives, and Barriers In this section, "affordable housing" means housing reserved for people earning below a certain income and who cannot afford market -rate costs (other interrelated terms include low-income housing, subsidized housing, public housing, or rent -restricted housing). The main affordable housing provider in Port Orchard is Housing Kitsap, a government agency that provides housing assistance for families who Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-45 need affordable alternatives to the private market. Housing Kitsap operates countywide. The City of Port Orchard does not currently have any funding streams directly funding affordable housing development or preservation. Port Orchard previously administered a multifamily tax exemption program (adopted in 2016), under which 20 affordable housing units were developed by private developers prior to the program's repeal in 2023. Port Orchard does not have development regulation incentives for affordable housing. The Housing Action Plan Existing Conditions Report identifies a number of regulatory and financial barriers, including complex code organization, tree protection standards, high impact fees relative to Kitsap County, and land use and form standards that make some types of housing difficult to develop. 3.3.2 Housing Prices Rising Faster than Income In recent years, rising housing and rental costs and stagnating income has strained all households across the state, including Port Orchard. Since 1989 (the earliest Kitsap County data is available from the Federal Reserve of St. Louis), housing prices in Kitsap County have increased faster than incomes. From 1989 to 2022, median housing prices have approximately tripled while median incomes have only doubled. The price of goods and services has also more than doubled; in 1989 an item that could be purchased for $10 is now $23.22, per the Bureau of Labor Statistics inflation calculator. Figure 3-9. Household Incoming and Housing Price in Kitsap County, 1989-2022 (Indexed to 2000) 3.50 Median Household Income {2024 $) 3.00 Housing Price Index 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 crnrnr arnr r Nr mr �r `r 0 r- co M a a N m0 r­ co M a m��2 �2 • co N oM MM MMMMMaaa Na a a a r a a a a a a a a a a a aM M a arnrnrn a N a N N a N N N N N CV CV CV N CV CV N CV CV N CV N Source: Federal Reserve of St Louis (FRED) database on Household Income and Housing Price Despite the wide range of incomes and housing prices in Kitsap County, the overall trend reveals that many workers have not seen their incomes increase at a pace necessary to afford a typical home. The current relationship between housing prices and income has become strained, as housing has become more difficult to afford for the average Port Orchard resident. Households earning the median income may not be able to afford, or have difficulty, in purchasing a median -priced home. Many renters find it challenging to transition into homeownership. The gap between home prices and household earnings highlights a housing market with high demand and limited affordable options, placing additional pressure on both current residents and those seeking to buy a home in Port Orchard (Figure 3-10). Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-46 Figure 3-10. Housing Affordability at Various Price and Income Levels in Port Orchard, 2021 $900 ■ Household Income ($1,000s) $800 ■ House Price ($1,000s) $700 $600 Median Sales Price ($468) $500 $400 $300 Median Household $202 $200 Income ($75) $101 $25 A household earning $100,000 could not afford the median Port Orchard sales price of $468,000 even though they are earning nearly $30,000 more than the median household income. $607 $304 $200 $150 $75 1 $100 - Source: Federal Reserve of St Louis (FRED) database on Household Income and Housing Price $810 While all households are affected, communities of color and lower -income households are disproportionately impacted. These groups tend to face greater housing instability as they spend a higher percentage of their income on housing and have lower homeownership rates. The majority of ownership households in Port Orchard are White and Asian, and lower among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders, Hispanic and Latino, and other races and ethnicities. (See Figure 11). This underscores the need for policies that promote housing stability and accessibility, particularly for the most vulnerable populations who face heightened risks of housing insecurity. Figure 3-11. Share of Household Tenure by Race/Ethnicity ALL HOUSEHOLDS WHITE, NON -HISPANIC OR LATINO ASIAN BLACK HISPANIC AND LATINO OTHER / TWO OR MORE RACE NATIVE HAWAIIAN / PACIFIC ISLANDER ■ Rent ■ Own Source: AC2 2020 5-year Estimates, Table 825003 3.3.3 Racially Disparate Impacts The Housing Element includes a Racially Disparate Impacts Analysis, as required by RCW 36.70A.070(2)(e) and (f). Taking a proactive approach in shaping policy can help reduce historical patterns of segregation, displacement, and inequitable outcomes. As part of the 2024 periodic update, Housing Element goals and policies were evaluated and updated to reduce racially disparate impacts. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-47 Key findings from the analysis are: • Port Orchard is more diverse than Kitsap County. • Households of color, particularly Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino households, are more likely to be cost -burdened than white households. In addition, renting is more common among non -white households and the cost burden for renter households is significantly higher than for owner households. Black/African American households are significantly more likely to rent than own their home. • There is a shortage of housing available for those making less than 30 percent of the Area Median Income (AMI) and those making more than 80 percent AMI. • Half of Black/African American households and nearly three quarters of Pacific Islander households in Port Orchard are classified as extremely low-income, making less than 30 percent of AMI. Just three percent of Black/African American households earn more than 100 percent AMI. • Most of Port Orchard is considered low risk for displacement by the Puget Sound Regional Council, but Downtown and the Bethel and Sidney corridors have a moderate risk of displacement from new housing development or redevelopment. Downtown and the Sidney Ave. corridor area also have a higher share of BIPOC households. Refer to the Racially Disparate Impacts Analysis in Appendix J for more information. 3.3.4 Cost -Burdened Households The U. S Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) uses a measurement of "cost burden" to describe a Area median income (AMI) is subset of community's residents spending more that 30 another data point often used by percent of their income for housing. "Severely cost- local government to set income burdened" households spend more than 50% of their monthly limits for subsidized affordable income on housing costs. These households pay a very large housing. It is the household income share of their income on housing costs which impacts their for the region. /'middle' household in a givenn rregi ability to afford other life essentials like healthcare, childcare, and transportation. In other words, cost -burdened households are most at risk of displacement or housing hardship and in need of housing support. Figure 12 below shows the most recent HUD data on Port Orchard cost -burdened households by income based on percentage of HUD Area Median Income (AMI), which was $85,500 in 2019. In total, 1,670 low- and moderate -income households, or 32 percent of Port Orchard's households, are facing cost burdens, demonstrating the need for more subsidized affordable housing in Port Orchard, which is typically the only type of housing that can meet these deep affordability levels. Housing Action Plan stakeholders noted that over 1,000 people are on the waiting list for housing vouchers at the Kitsap Housing Authority, which manages vouchers in both Bremerton and Port Orchard. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-48 Figure 3-12. Cost -Burdened Low -Income Households by Income Bracket in Port Orchard, 2019 ■ Severely Cost Burdened 80-100% AM I 0 Cost Burdened Not Cost Burdened a I 50-80°i° AMI E 0 V C 0 30-50%AMI ■ v 0 < 30% AMI 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Number of Households Source: 2015-2019 HUD Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) 3.3.5 Special Needs Housing The special needs populations typically encompass individuals who require support in their daily lives due to disabilities, health conditions, age, or other specific circumstances. These individuals may require specific housing accommodations or assistance. Social service programs, institutional settings, and assisted living facilities all cater to a portion of these needs. Currently, there are various supportive and group housing options for people with mental or physical disabilities, as well as a significant number of senior housing and assisted living facilities in Port Orchard. Port Orchard will continue to support the development of housing for people with specials needs through partnership with the County, service providers, and housing developers. 3.4 Housing Projection Port Orchard is designated as a High -Capacity Transit Community in Vision 2050 (PSRC March 2021). Using the Vision 2050 framework, the Kitsap Regional Coordinating Committee's (KRCC) adopted Countywide Planning Policies setting a regional framework for its cities to accommodate growth while providing a share of the region's housing. The projected population growth for Port Orchard during the 2020-2044 planning period is 10,500 people, resulting in a population of 26,087 by 2044. According to the Kitsap County Buildable Lands Report, the average household size in Port Orchard is 2.64 people. This means that Port Orchard will need an additional 4,943 housing units by 2044. In other terms, Port Orchard needs to build an average of 198 new housing units per year to support projected growth. Figure 3-13 shows the number of new housing units needed for each income level. The largest housing needs by income in Port orchard is for very low-income households, with 30 percent of AMI or less, and for low-income households, between 30 and 50 percent of AMI. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-49 Figure 3-13. Port Orchard Housing Supply and Need by Income >120% AMI 1,288 ll&; 998 100-120% AMI 717 16S76 80-100% AMI 1,246 A: 507 50-80% AMI 2,051 540 30-50% AMI 619 2 Totals 0-30%AMI, non-PSH 2880 Current Supply: 8,610 Housing Units* 0-30% AMI, PSH 0 414 New Supply Needed: Emergency Temporary Housing 11 209 3,704 Housing Units -500 500 1,500 2,500 Baseline Supply (2020) Built 2020-2024 ■ Remaining New Supply Needed (2024-2044) *Note: The total current supply includes units constructed in 2020 and pending developments (2020-2024) PSH = Permanent Supportive Housing: A low-income housing mode where social, medical, and job service are provided on -site to help transition people out of homelessness. Emergency housing: Temporary accommodation for individuals or families who are homeless or at imminent risk of becoming homeless. Source: Kitsap Countywide Planning Policies, Housing Allocation Through 2044, 2024 33 Housing Capacity by Income Band HB 1220, passed in 2021, amended the GMA to require additional housing unit capacity analysis by what income bands can be served by future housing units. Port Orchard's targets (based on 2020 data) and units built and permitted (since 2020) are shown in Figure 13. A Land Capacity Analysis was conducted as part of this comprehensive planning process to evaluate Port Orchard's ability to meet these targets within current zoning in the City. This analysis considered vacant, redevelopable, and partially -used parcels as classified in the City's 2019 Buildable Lands Analysis and updated based on development since 2019. Critical area acreage and deductions for future infrastructure needs and market factors were then removed from the gross vacant, redevelopable, and partially -used acreage. The net remaining acreage was analyzed by zone based on potential future density of development in each zone, as outlined in Port Orchard's zoning code, and accounting for recent development densities in the city. The results of this analysis were then aggregated by zone category based on the Department of Commerce methodology outlined in the 2023 guidebook "Guidance for Updating Your Housing Element." Following this framework, capacity for low-income households earning 0-80% AMI (HUD Area Median Income) is provided in zones allowing for apartments and multifamily housing types. Capacity for middle -income households earning 80-120%AMI is provided through townhomes, duplexes, triplexes, and higher -end apartments. Capacity for high -income households earning 120% AMI and above is provided through zones allowing detached single-family homes. In addition, pending units were assigned to various income bands based on the income levels needed to afford those units based on current rental and home price data in Port Orchard. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-50 The results of this land capacity analysis show that Port Orchard has sufficient capacity to meet projected housing needs of low-, moderate-, and high -income households. The table below shows the City's housing needs, pending units, and land capacity for 0-80% AMI, 80-120% AMI, and 120% + AMI households through 2044. A full discussion of methodology and results of this analysis can be found in Appendix I Port Orchard Land Capacity Analysis. Figure 3-14. Port Orchard Land Capacity Analysis Income Band Housing Need Aggregated Housing Needs Pending Units Remaining Needs Total Capacity Surplus/ Deficit 0-307D AMI P5H 414 2,848 967 1,881 1,920 39 0-301,; AMI Non P5H 944 30-501,; AMI 810 50-801,; AMI 680 80-100',Fo AM 351 696 1,148 -452 2,302 2,754 100-1201,7o AM 345 1205. AMI + 1,399 1,399 2,308 -909 211 1,120 Total 4,943 4,943 4,423 520 4,433 3,913 Source: WA Department of Commerce, Kitsap County, City of Port Orchard, Leland Consulting Group Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-51 3.6 Housing Goals and Policies The ability of the region to provide various housing opportunities for residents in and around Port Orchard is very important. Limited housing opportunities adversely impact housing choice, economic development, neighborhood/community image and pride. Creating policy language that champions housing availability and affordability across all income levels serves to foster these concepts. This section seeks to establish basic policy principles related to housing availability and affordability. Port Orchard strives to: HS Goal 1. Housing stock is planned to accommodate growth targets, housing demands, and changes in the population. Policy HS-1 Ensure zoned capacity is sufficient to accommodate housing development to meet needs consistent with adopted targets. (see Figure 13 Port Orchard Housing Supply and Need by Income). Policy HS-2 Encourage production of diverse housing types throughout the City to expand housing choice and access for residents in all stages of life and all household sizes to meet the goals set under RCW 36.70A.020(4). These housing types include but are not limited to detached single-family homes, middle housing forms, multifamily dwelling units (within both single -purpose and mixed -use buildings), live -work dwelling units, accessory dwelling units, pre -fabricated homes, and clustered housing forms. Policy HS-3 Periodically evaluate City development standards and regulations to ensure it reflects market trends and, where appropriate, modify development regulations that unnecessarily add to housing costs and minimize the feasibility of building affordable housing. Periodically assess the amount of housing produced under these standards. HS Goal 2. Ensure that affordable housing options are available to all socioeconomic levels of Port Orchard residents. Policy HS-4 Provide opportunities through future land use and zoning districts for an economically diversified housing supply, including extremely low, very low-, low-, moderate-, and upper -income levels, to maximize housing options and serve a broad range of community needs. (RCW 36.70a.070(2) (d)). Policy HS-5 Support the development of housing and related services that are provided by regional housing programs and agencies for special needs populations, especially the homeless, children, the elderly, and people with mental or physical disabilities. Policy HS-6 Coordinate with other public entities, nonprofits, and religious organizations to preserve and facilitate development of permanent supportive housing, emergency shelters, and emergency housing. (RCW 36.70a.070(2) (c)) Policy HS-7 Evaluate surplus public land for affordable housing. Identify opportunities to lease or sell public land to affordable housing providers. (RCW 39.33.015(1)). Policy HS-8 Allow an increased density bonus for affordable housing located on property owned by a religious organization. (RCW 36.70A.545 and RCW 35A.63.300). Policy HS-9 Ensure that City fees and permitting time are balanced between housing affordability considerations and the need for supporting City services. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-52 Policy HS-10 Provide incentives and work in partnership with not -for profit and for -profit developers land trusts, and public housing authorities, such as Housing Kitsap, to develop and preserve long-term affordable housing options. Policy HS-11 Encourage development of housing that is affordable for workers at all income levels that is located near transit, education and training opportunities and other employment centers. Policy HS-12 Promote development of attached and detached ADUs in all residential to provide additional housing choices for all economic income levels, multi -generational households, and smaller households in residential neighborhoods. (RCW 36.70A.680). Policy HS-13 Expand capacity for middle housing in low -density residential neighborhoods that are unencumbered by critical areas or their buffers throughout the city to increase home ownership and rental housing options. (RCW 36.70A.635). Policy HS-14 Promote middle housing and multifamily housing with family size units. Consider the recommendations of the Port Orchard Housing Action Plan on refining the building type and form/intensity standards, adjusting the locally adopted building code, supporting staffing needs, and funding strategies. Policy HS-15 Consider the creation of zoning and other land use incentives for the private construction of affordable and special needs housing as a percentage of units in multifamily development. Policy HS-16 Consider adopting incentives for development of affordable multifamily homes, including middle housing, through property tax abatement in accordance with 84.14 RCW, focusing on designated centers with identified needs for residential infill and redevelopment. Policy HS-17 Explore the re-establishment of a Multifamily Tax Exemption (MFTE) program as a means of increasing the City's affordable housing supply. Consider the recommendations of the Port Orchard Housing Action Plan on eligible zones and properties, qualifying income levels, program duration, development incentives, and other standards. HS Goal 3. Promote the efficient use of residential land in order to maximize development potential and make efficient use of municipal infrastructure. Policy HS-18 Encourage housing growth concentration within walking and bicycling distance of public schools, parks, transit service, and commercial centers. Promote improvements to pedestrian and bicycles facilities where most housing growth is occurring. Policy HS-19 Encourage the development of both vertical and horizontal forms of mixed -use developments featuring a combination of multifamily housing and nonresidential uses within centers. Policy HS-20 Implement zoning and development regulations which encourage infill housing on empty and redevelopable parcels. Policy HS-21 Consider increasing maximum housing densities and implementing minimum housing densities in appropriate areas to increase land and infrastructure efficiency. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-53 Policy HS-22 Protect critical areas, or environmentally sensitive areas, from future housing development. Determine appropriate densities and uses and implement flexible development standards to balance the goals of housing targets and environmental protection. Policy HS-23 Establish a process for annexation informed by the need for infrastructure investments in new residential areas. Evaluate the fiscal impacts of higher infrastructure maintenance costs and additional service expenses resulting from annexation. HS Goal 4. Reduce disparities in housing access and mitigate displacement impacts to vulnerable communities. Policy HS-24 When plans and investments are expected to create neighborhood change, use public investment and coordinate with nonprofit housing organizations to mitigate impacts of market pressure that cause involuntarily displacement of low-income households and vulnerable communities. Policy HS-25 Advocate for additional funding at County, Federal, State, and other levels to expand programs that: • facilitate home ownership for low- to moderate -income resident, • prevent, avoidable, involuntary evictions and foreclosures, and • provide assistance for repair, rehabilitation, energy efficiency, and weatherization. Policy HS-26 Encourage a variety of ownership opportunities and choices by allowing and supporting including but not limited land trusts, tenant opportunity to purchase programs, limited equity cooperative, and sweat equity. Policy HS-27 Consider programs and other maintenance support, such as use of Community Development Block Grants or Housing Repair Programs to preserve or rehabilitate neighborhoods and areas that are showing signs of deterioration due to lack of maintenance or abandonment. Policy HS-28 Encourage senior and special needs housing to be integrate throughout the community and be located near services. Policy HS-29 Strengthen coordination between the City, county, and service providers to provide homelessness support service and outreach. Adopt a Housing First approach. HS Goal S. Promote functional and livable forms of housing that integrates well with its surroundings and accommodates people in all stages of life. Policy HS-30 Encourage the development and maintenance of all housing, especially multifamily housing, that protects health and safety of residents and support healthy lifestyle and active living. Policy HS-31 Encourage energy efficient housing types that conserve non-renewable energy and help minimize impact on air quality and climate. Policy HS-32 Support housing options, programs, and services that allow seniors to "age in place" in their homes or neighborhoods. Promote awareness of Universal Design improvements to improve accessibility. Policy HS-33 Promote healthy, livable, and functional forms of housing at all scales through code Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-54 provisions that provide for usable open space and/or recreational facilities, pedestrian connectivity, and safe and welcoming development frontages. Policy HS-34 Provide information and assistance to property owners of historically significant housing to encourage preservation of these cultural resource. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 3-55 Chapter 4 Parks and Recreation 4.1 Introduction The Parks and Recreation Element of the 2024 Comprehensive Plan provides direction and guidance to improve and maintain the City's existing parks and recreation facilities while also creating new parks and recreation facilities to meet the needs of a growing population. This Element has been developed as a collaborative effort with input from members of the public, elected and appointed officials, and Parks and Recreation Vision Parks and open space are essential components in the fabric of a vibrant city. Our safe and well - maintained parks and recreation facilities knit the community together, stabilize and enhance residential neighborhoods, and add vitality to the downtown core while encouraging and supporting increased shoreline access and recreation. Planning Department staff. The Element was updated to reflect current (2024) data, facilities, and population, with the planning horizon projected to 2044. To supplement this Element, the 2022 Parks, Recreation, and Open Space (PROS) Plan is adopted by reference in Appendix D. This Element serves as a guide for general parks and recreation improvements while the PROS Plan identifies specific facilities and includes more detailed plans for maintenance, improvements, and/or additions. The City's regulatory and non -regulatory decision making, including budget decisions related to parks, should be consistent with both the Parks and Recreation Element and the PROS Plan. Used in this way, comprehensive parks planning minimizes conflict in decision -making and promotes coordination among programs and regulations to best serve the whole Port Orchard community. Over the next 20 years, the City of Port Orchard plans to focus on maintaining existing parks and recreation facilities while also expanding to meet future needs. These efforts will be funded by annual budget expenditures, grants, impact fees, and other financial means available to the City. Although the emphasis is to maintain the existing park system, the number of parks and trails will need to increase to meet the demands of the new population. Based on the levels of service identified in the City's PROS Plan, over the next 20 years the City should acquire additional land for new parks, recreation facilities, and open space opportunities consistent with the PROS Plan. 4.2 Public Involvement Throughout the development of and subsequent updates to the Comprehensive Plan and PROS Plan, the public has been offered several opportunities to provide input and feedback through surveys and public meetings/workshops. Public input and feedback assist the City to build a better understanding of the community's needs and desires, which is used to inform updates to the Plans. As part of the public engagement for the development of the 2022 PROS Plan, a survey was distributed to households within the Port Orchard zip codes. Survey results indicated high levels of satisfaction in the existing park and trail levels of service. The survey results also revealed Waterfront Park and McCormick Village Park as the most frequently used. More details on public engagement efforts and input gathered is available in the PROS Plan in Appendix D. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 4-56 4.3 Parks Vision — Connections The City of Port Orchard 2024 Comprehensive Plan identifies designated Centers. The vision of the Parks Element and PROS Plan is to ensure that every center contains and/or is connected to a park by safe non - motorized routes. Trails and open spaces were identified as a top outdoor facility (with ADA accessibility) to be added to Port Orchard in the 2022 Parks Survey. Connecting local centers and parks with safe non -motorized routes, including those in public right-of-way such as bike lanes and walking shoulders, will increase access to active transportation for all residents and benefit the entire community. The Nonmotorized section of the Transportation Element provides further detail on existing and future trails. Figure 4-1. Parks and Open Space Map 1 Bethel South Property 2 Bravo Terrace Open Space 3 Central/Clayton Park 4 OeKalb Pier 5 Etta Turner Park 6 Givens Field/Active Club 7 Lundberg Park 8 McCormick Village Park 9 Mitchell Park 19 Old Clifton Wetlands 11 Paul Powers Jr Park 12 Rockwell Park 13 Seattle Avenue Open Space 14 Van Zee Park 15 Windfall Place Tot Lot t , gay street Pedestrian Path Port Orchard parks and open spaces Qty Unt Hs Urban Growth At- 4.4 Existing Conditions Port Orchard provides a range of parks, recreation, open space, and ecosystem services by protecting native wildlife habitat, restoring and preserving natural systems, enjoying majestic marine and mountain views, and ensuring new development enhances the natural environment. The existing City parks system is supplemented by South Kitsap School District and the Kitsap County Parks and Recreation Department facilities. An inventory of current parks facilities and maps showing park facility locations is included in the PROS Plan in Appendix D. 4.5 Future Planned Parks Facilities The PROS Plan provides a long-term vision and goals and objectives for the entire parks and open space network, including trail systems, recreation facilities, historic and cultural resources, and specific City - Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 4-57 owned properties. The Capital Improvement Program (CIP) allocates capital facility funds to maintain and acquire new parks and recreation facilities in the City and implements the goals and objectives of the PROS Plan. Additional potential sources of revenue to implement the PROS Plan goals and objectives include Port Orchard Real Estate Excise Taxes (REET) and grant applications to the Washington State Recreation and Conservation Office (RCO). 4.6 Challenges and Opportunities Challenges The City of Port Orchard faces a rapidly growing population. To provide adequate parks, trails, and recreation opportunities for the growing community, the City has developed new public park facilities in collaboration with McCormick Communities (St. Andrews Park and McCormick West pedestrian pathways). The City is also working toward developing a community event center with surrounding plazas, remodeling the Givens Park sports courts, building a new regional stormwater park southeast of Sherman Avenue, and expanding Ruby Creek Regional Park and McCormick Village Park. As the City's population and parks facilities grow, limited City resources, including staff time are strained. In the future, the City may wish to consider creating a Parks Department. The relative lack of safe non -motorized transportation infrastructure (i.e.; walking and bicycling paths) within the City is identified as a significant issue in the Non -Motorized section of the Transportation Element. It is also a challenge for parks and recreation planning, as one of the City's identified goals is to create non -motorized trail and path connections between local centers, parks, the waterfront, and other areas where people live and work within the community. The 2022 PROS Plan analyzed general walkability to recreation facilities based on existing City, Kitsap County, Port of Bremerton, South Kitsap School District, and Homeowner Association (HOA) facilities. The results indicate that there are significant amounts of developed areas within the City and UGA that lack effective park and recreation services, including but not limited to the following: • Port Orchard Centers — including portions of the designated centers in the Comprehensive Plan. • Undeveloped lands — in the northwest portion of the City, near Ross Point, • McCormick Woods — in the northeast portion of the development, where passive open spaces are provided, but not active uses such as playgrounds, sports courts, or other park amenities. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 4-58 Opportunities The City of Port Orchard benefits from its proximity to centers for recreation, open space, and sports fields outside City limits, and/or held by other agencies or groups, such as the South Kitsap School District and Kitsap County. Creating and strengthening regional partnerships will enable Port Orchard and its partners to provide higher quality facilities and more opportunities to access recreation opportunities than would be possible alone. The City of Port Orchard is already working with Kitsap County and other nearby jurisdictions to expand a regional watertrail including shoreline access with launch points, rest areas, and parking facilities. As identified in the Non -Motorized Transportation Plan, additional improvements to the City's non - motorized transportation network should be a prioritized to provide residents and visitors wider access to opportunities to enjoy a safe, interconnected system of parks and trails. The 2022 PROS Plan was approved by the Recreation and Conservation Office (RCO), meaning the City is eligible for recreation and conservation grant programs through the RCO, which could potentially fund park land acquisition to keep up with the growing population and demand for parks and recreation facilities. 4.7 Parks and Recreation Goals and Policies The City of Port Orchard has maintained a consistent set of goals and objectives in its endeavor to provide recreation opportunities to the community. The overall goal of the Parks Element is to develop and maintain adequate and convenient parks, recreation, and open space areas and facilities for all users and better serve both the existing and future population of Port Orchard and surrounding areas. This goal can be achieved by several objectives. Objective 1: Increase public access to the marine shoreline. Objective 2: Preserve and enhance active and scenic open space by: a. Enhancing and improving existing park facilities. b. Discouraging obstructions of scenic views. Objective 3: Increase the size and number of parks and open spaces by: a. Establishing partnerships with other agencies to jointly utilize public facilities. b. Promoting through public and private investments, the acquisition of open space facilities, and proper maintenance thereof. c. Using public input to develop plans for public parks. Objective 4: Provide parks, trails, and open spaces within walking distance of residents by: a. Prioritizing historically underserved communities for open space improvements and investments. b. Promoting equitable access to recreation opportunities. c. Providing for a mixture of active and passive open spaces within residential and commercial areas. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 4-59 As South Kitsap County and Port Orchard continue to grow, the importance of the limited recreation resources continue to increase. Greater population pressures demand well-defined goals and priorities. In order to achieve these comprehensive goals and objectives, concise and realistic goals must be specified: PK Goal 1. Establish a coordinated and connected system of open space throughout the City that: • Preserves natural systems. • Protects wildlife habitat and corridors. • Provides land for both active and passive recreation accessible for all. • Increases opportunities for physical activity. • Preserves natural landforms and scenic areas. • Is accessible by a safe non -motorized transportation system. • Promotes equitable access to parks and recreation facilities. Policy PK-1 Preserve and enhance the natural and aesthetic qualities of shoreline areas while allowing reasonable development to meet the needs of all residents. Policy PK-2 Promote visual and public access to shorelines where it is not in conflict with preserving environmentally sensitive areas or protecting significant wildlife habitat. Policy PK-3 Distribute parks and open spaces throughout the City, but particularly focus new facilities in or nearby: • Designated centers that do not currently contain parks or open spaces. • Residential neighborhoods facing the greatest population growth where populations are currently, or projected to be, underserved by existing parks facilities. • Residential neighborhoods that have historically underserved communities. • Areas where existing facilities are deficient. • Areas where connections could be made. Policy PK-4 Work with nearby jurisdictions, state, federal, and tribal governments to identify and protect open space networks to be preserved within and around Port Orchard. Policy PK-5 Preserve environmentally sensitive areas to delineate neighborhood boundaries and create open space corridors. PK Goal 2. Encourage the development and maintenance of open space and recreation facilities, where possible, in the established areas of the City. Policy PK-6 Obtain and preserve open space areas and recreation facilities to meet established levels of service and to link open spaces within a connected network accessible to the existing and future population of the City. Policy PK-7 Preserve the ecological functions of the Blackjack Creek watershed, the shoreline, and adjacent areas in balance with residential, commercial, and other uses. Policy PK-8 Shape and seek the right balance for urban development through the use of open space, thereby strengthening the beauty, identity, and aesthetic qualities of the City and surrounding areas. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 4-60 Policy PK-9 Maintain and/or expand shoreline parks and trails linking the downtown core to the shoreline. Proposed walking and biking trails should be designed to serve all residential areas. Policy PK-10 Encourage safe parks and recreation equipment by maintaining existing facilities. Policy PK-11 Develop covered play structures whenever feasible to encourage use of parks and recreation facilities in all conditions. Policy PK-12 Work with the Port of Bremerton to identify areas within the existing Port -owned waterfront parking lots that are suitable for conversion to open space. Upon mutual agreement of the parking areas to be converted; develop a plan for the creation of waterfront open space in these areas, with a focus on connecting to existing and planned shoreline access points and pedestrian pathways. PK Goal 3. To provide open space or natural landscaping throughout the City limits. Policy PK-13 Zoning ordinances shall identify and preserve open space areas. Policy PK-14 Landscaping, such as trees and shrubbery, should be included in the commercial areas of the City. Policy PK-15 Vacant municipal land not required for municipal services should be maintained to provide a pleasing natural condition. PK Goal 4. Neighborhood parks and recreation facilities should be conveniently located throughout the City. Policy PK-16 The Active Club should continue to be maintained and improved. Policy PK-17 A Community Event Center should be encouraged. Policy PK-18 To ensure that the City's parks and recreation facilities are welcoming to all, new facilities shall be designed for accessibility to meet the requirements of the federal American Disabilities Act, and existing facilities should be retrofitted for increased accessibility where feasible and appropriate. Policy PK-19 Maximize the use of State and Federal grants for future improvements whenever possible. Policy PK-20 Coordinate with other governmental entities and civic organizations to provide new facilities to the public. Policy PK-21 Encourage commercial enterprises to establish facilities which are harmonious with the community vision and goals. PK Goal S. Encourage commercial enterprises to establish private commercial recreation facilities. Policy PK-22 Athletic fields should be supplemented with picnic and playground facilities to encourage family participation. Policy PK-23 Athletic fields should be developed in accordance with the PROS Plan. Policy PK-24 Continue to encourage and promote private sports and recreation programs. Policy PK-25 Coordinate with sports councils and committees when possible. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 4-61 PK Goal 6. The waterfront should be preserved and protected to enhance public use. Policy PK-26 Boat docks and marinas should be encouraged; however, these activities are not to be construed as the sole resource of the waterfront. Policy PK-27 Public access to the water is required for new municipal development, unless such access is shown to be incompatible due to reasons of safety, security or impact to the shoreline environment. Public access to the water should be provided for new commercial development unless such improvements are demonstrated to be infeasible or present hazards to life and property. Policy PK-28 Viewing decks and similar pedestrian -oriented structures are needed and should be constructed in the urban waterfront area. Policy PK-29 The Bay Street Pedestrian Path system should be maintained and expanded. Policy PK-30 Beach access should be identified and developed. This should be integrated with the Bay Street Pedestrian Path trail system and Kitsap Peninsula Water Trails system. PK Goal 7. Provide a variety of water and shoreline related recreation opportunities for the public. Policy PK-31 The City, in conjunction with other agencies and organizations, should work to maintain, enhance, and expand existing water and shoreline related recreation opportunities for the public. Policy PK-32 The City, in conjunction with other jurisdictions, should work to develop new and diverse water and shoreline related recreation opportunities for the public. PK Goal 8. Provide open space within residential and commercial developments. Policy PK-33 Continue to require buffers and open space with new development. Policy PK-34 Encourage creation of open and communal spaces with multi -family and commercial development. PK Goal 9. Preserve critical areas within open space. Policy PK-35 Steep slopes and sensitive areas within open space should be protected with critical area restrictions. Policy PK-36 Preserve open space that functions as a buffer between land uses. PK Goal 10. Promote the acquisition and maintenance of open space through public and private investment. Policy PK-37 Countywide open space acquisition should be encouraged. Policy PK-38 Maintenance of City -owned open space should take precedence over acquisition of new City parks unless the proposed park serves an identified need in the City's Parks Plan. PK Goal 11. Enhance and expand existing park facilities. Policy PK-39 Improvements in parks should be done continually. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 4-62 Policy PK-40 Prioritize expansion of existing parks in residential areas where communities currently underserved with parks and recreation facilities. PK Goal 12. Place and construct community entry monuments on arterial City entrances. Policy PK-41 Maintain and landscape existing Gateway areas. Policy PK-42 Install wayfinding signage according to wayfinding system plan. PK Goal 13. Provide dedicated oversight and encourage public participation in planning for City parks and recreation facilities. Policy PK-43 The City should establish a parks commission or similar citizen board to review major parks development plans and proposals to purchase or sell City parks property and provide recommendations to the Planning Commission and City Council. Policy PK-44 The City should consider creating a Parks Department to operate and maintain City parks and recreation facilities, and to plan and budget for future acquisitions and improvements. PK Goal 14. Identify and enhance the city's open spaces, trails, and park amenities to protect natural resources and expand recreational opportunities for all residents, ensuring accessibility and sustainable use of these areas. Policy PK-45 The City of Port Orchard should strive to maintain the level service standards adopted in its PROS plan including ensuring every resident has access to a park within a 10-minute walk, fostering inclusivity and promoting outdoor recreation. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 4-63 Chapter 5 Natural Systems 5.1 Introduction Port Orchard, which is located on the Sinclair Inlet of Puget Sound, contains interconnected creeks, wetlands and urban forests that provide amenities for residents and key habitat corridors and environments for terrestrial and aquatic wildlife. The City of Port Orchard serves as chief steward of Natural Systems Vision Port Orchard embraces its stewardship of the environment and natural resources, by protecting and retaining natural systems and building for a sustainable future. The City encourages the preservation, restoration and enhancement of natural systems within its urban setting. Port Orchard's environment and is responsible for the implementation of many federal and state environmental protection statutes. Through regulation, operating programs and incentives, the City actively works to protect the natural systems of the community and promote sustainable development. As Port Orchard continues to grow, development has the potential to negatively impact Port Orchard's environmental resources, particularly natural open spaces, water quality and tree cover. State law requires cities to plan for the protection of environmentally sensitive areas (critical areas), such as wetlands, streams and geologically- hazardous areas. Environmental sustainability and responsible stewardship of natural resources require a continually improved relationship between the developed and natural environments. The City supports an approach that includes: • Maintaining critical areas regulations that protect and preserve the City's environmentally sensitive areas. • Encouraging the minimization of waste that can affect air, soil, and water resources. • Promoting open space and opportunities for recreation within existing and new development. • Assessing and reclaiming lost wildlife habitats when feasible. Encouraging the enhancement of greenbelts, habitat conservation areas, and wildlife habitat corridors. • Improving infrastructure systems to support healthy living for people and wildlife. • Supporting Puget Sound recovery through actions such as protecting and restoring critical areas, converting hardened shorelines to more natural conditions, protecting aquifers, promoting and installing stormwater infrastructure and upgrading sewage treatment facilities. • Increasing resilience by identifying and addressing the impacts of climate change and natural hazards on the environment, infrastructure, economy and public health. The City evaluates the impact of its administrative and legislative decisions on the urban environment, with particular attention to impacts on environmentally sensitive areas — and weighs the merits and costs of its environmental protection and enhancement against other important responsibilities (e.g., public safety, infrastructure needs and economic development). Non - regulatory efforts to protect natural resources include habitat/open space acquisition and preservation, salmon recovery projects and monitoring, and water quality projects and monitoring. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-64 The City recognizes the importance of protecting its unique natural setting while providing for the needs of the growing number of residents and businesses that call Port Orchard their home. Port Orchard's attractiveness as a place to "live, work and play' depends on preserving the natural assets of the community while simultaneously nurturing economic growth and social vibrancy. Therefore, the City has and will continue to support standards that preserve Port Orchard's natural systems to protect public health, safety and welfare, and to maintain the integrity of the natural environment. The Natural Systems element works in concert with other elements of the Comprehensive Plan, particularly Land Use and Parks and Recreation, and within the framework of municipal financial planning. The City's Critical Areas Ordinance is the regulatory authority for development and activities within critical areas (wetlands, fish and wildlife habitat areas, geologically hazardous areas, frequently flooded areas, critical aquifer recharge areas). Critical areas are discussed in more detail in Section 5.3 below. In the City's shoreline jurisdiction, the Shoreline Master Program establishes a regulatory framework and planning policies that provides an additional layer of protection for the City's shorelands and aquatic resources. 5.2 Existing Conditions Port Orchard enjoys a wide variety of natural systems, recreational areas, open space, and ecosystem connections. However, like most growing areas within the state, Port Orchard has experienced declines in tree canopy, water quality and the health of salmon populations, as well as increases in traffic congestion and surface water runoff from impervious surfaces. Key elements of natural systems in the City are regulated critical areas, as defined by the state Growth Management Act. Critical areas include the following areas and ecosystems: • Wetlands • Areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water • Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas • Frequently flooded areas • Geologically hazardous areas. These areas are regulated through the City's Critical Areas Ordinance (POMC 20.162) and are protected with buffers and restrictions on development type and intensity. Critical areas also receive additional protection from other City regulatory and planning efforts for water quality, stormwater runoff, efficient use of land, and provision of urban services. Special status wildlife are those designated by federal or state government agencies as endangered, threatened, proposed, candidate, sensitive and monitor species, and species of local importance in Kitsap County. Habitat used by these species for breeding, foraging or migration also requires protection. At present, listed species that have been documented in the Port Orchard vicinity include chinook, chum, coho, cutthroat, and steelhead salmonid species; smelt; sand lance; bald eagles; marbled murrelet; great blue heron; and Steller's sea lion. Figure 5-1. Marbled murrelet Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-65 Port Orchard also has a diverse and active shoreline. The City's waterfront contains a multitude of docks, marinas and water -dependent businesses, which provide economic vitality to the downtown merchants and Port Orchard as a whole and provide needed services to residents throughout the region. Maintaining the general health of Port Orchard's shorelines and aquatic areas is critical to maintaining a viable working shoreline and a marine attraction. As in other urbanizing areas around Puget Sound, water quality and populations of marine life have declined due to development impacts. The City supports the restoration of natural system processes and reduction of urban impacts that reduce the health of Sinclair Inlet and shorelands. The Inventory and Characterization that was prepared for Port Orchard's Shoreline Master Program contains detailed analysis of the City's shorelines and regulated water bodies. 5.3 Critical Areas and Shorelines 5.3.1 Geologically Hazardous Areas Within Port Orchard, geologically hazardous areas include unstable slopes over 30% grade, and areas of geologic concern include unstable slopes less than 30% grade and other slopes that meet criteria for high erosion potential, seismic hazard or groundwater seepage. Geologically hazardous areas are located along several stream banks and bluffs near the shoreline. Areas of geologic concern are widespread throughout the community and are often located in proximity to other critical areas such as wetlands and streams. Both geologically hazardous areas and areas of geologic concern areas are regulated through the City's Critical Areas Ordinance. Engineering provides some solutions to environmental constraints associated with geologic hazards, but such solutions must be evaluated for suitability in individual circumstances. One of the most cost- effective methods of preserving slope stability is the preservation of native vegetation and retention of forested conditions within and at the top of geologic hazard areas. When vegetation removal is required to stabilize slopes, proper replanting and maintenance in compliance with the City's Critical Areas Ordinance is required. In addition to providing significant habitat value in areas of high opportunity (bands of steep slope areas extending throughout a city often provide habitat corridors in urbanized areas), the preservation of native and non-invasive vegetation and forest features helps prevent erosion, retains important soil binding root systems, and provides valuable open and green space. Along the shorelines, erosion of coastal bluffs replenishes beach sediments that are lost to tidal action, storms and surface runoff. 5.3.2 Frequently Flooded Areas Frequently flooded areas are defined as lands, shorelands, and waters that are within the 100-year floodplain as designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) on Flood Insurance Rate and Boundary Maps (see end of the element for FEMA map). Flooding is caused by excess surface water runoff and is exacerbated when eroded soil from cleared land or unstable slopes reduces the waterway's natural capacity to carry water. Construction and development activity within the floodplain reduces the floodway capacity. Flooding is also exacerbated by king tides in conjunction with heavy rain and wind. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-66 Flooding causes significant public safety problems, property damage, and habitat destruction. Small areas of floodplain exist within Port Orchard, generally along areas of Blackjack Creek, Johnson Creek and Ross Creek (see City of Port Orchard Environmental Map at the end of this element). Under the Federal Flood Insurance Program, a limited amount of floodplain development is allowed if eligibility requirements are met; however, the City regulates land uses and land alteration activities to minimize development within floodplains and the potential for damage from flooding. Figure 5-2. Flooding occurrence 5.3.3 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas Fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas are defined as those areas identified as being of critical importance to the maintenance of fish, wildlife, and plant species, including areas with which endangered, threatened, and sensitive species have a primary association; habitats and species of local importance; commercial and recreational shellfish areas; kelp and eelgrass beds; forage fish spawning areas; naturally occurring ponds and their submerged aquatic beds that provide fish or wildlife habitat; waters of the state; lakes, ponds, streams or rivers planted with game fish by a government or tribal entity or private organization; state natural area preserves and natural resource conservation areas. Areas that are critical for fish and wildlife are primarily conserved via regulatory means; other areas are primarily dealt with through non -regulatory, incentive -based approaches. Designated fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas in Port Orchard include riparian corridors, wetlands, and naturally occurring ponds and lakes. Other lands may be given special consideration for fish and wildlife habitat if there is a primary association with an endangered, threatened or sensitive species. The City seeks to protect and sustain the existing natural functions of these areas and encourages the enhancement of areas that have been degraded in the past. Streams and water bodies provide fish and wildlife habitat, convey stormwater flows, provide recreational opportunities, and enhance 3 the community's aesthetic appeal. In } recent years, large areas of Port Orchard's drainage basins have experienced rapid development, which increases impervious surfaces within the watershed and results in a decline in surface water quality.9 9 2023 Port Orchard Stormwater and Watersheds Comprehensive Plan Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-67 Blackjack Creek is the largest stream system in Port Orchard and extends into tributaries spanning an area of approximately three miles within the city limits. Blackjack Creek is the only stream within the City that falls within Shoreline Management Act (SMA) jurisdiction based on flow rate, although a portion of both Ross Creek and Blackjack Creek estuaries are under SMA jurisdiction based on tidal influence. Blackjack Creek is one of the major fish producing streams in South Kitsap, and supports Chinook, coho, steelhead, cutthroat and summer chum (chinook and steelhead are ESA listed species). The summer chum run is the only native (non -hatchery) summer chum run known in the mid -Puget Sound area. Ross Creek is also a salmon stream and is surveyed annually for adult spawners. In recent years, the City has taken steps to protect the Blackjack Creek corridor and encourage restoration, while continuing to allow and improve public enjoyment through trails and overlooks. Further protections for both Blackjack and Ross Creek are appropriate and will be implemented through development regulations. 5.3.4 Wetlands Wetlands are integral to the local hydrologic cycle. They reduce floods, contribute to stream flows, and improve water quality. Each wetland provides various beneficial functions, but not all wetlands perform all functions, nor do they perform all functions equally well. Large wetlands, and wetlands hydrologically associated with lakes and streams, have a relatively more important function in the watershed than small, isolated wetlands. Urbanization within a watershed diminishes the function of individual wetlands by increasing stormwater volume, reducing runoff quality, isolating wetlands from other habitats, and decreasing vegetation. Undeveloped land adjacent to a wetland provides a buffer to help minimize the impacts of urbanization. The long-term success in function of the wetland is dependent on land development strategies that protect and restore wetland buffers. Science indicates that an undeveloped vegetated buffer is equally as important as the wetland itself as it contributes to the function of the wetland by providing wildlife habitat, retaining stormwater, filtering sediment and pollution, and moderating water temperature. When impacts to wetlands and their buffers due to development are unavoidable, and on -site wetland replacement is infeasible, wetland mitigation banks may be utilized to offset these impacts at a corresponding ratio of restoration, creation or enhancement in accordance with POMC 20.162. A new wetland mitigation banking site is currently being developed on the Ross Creek estuary in Port Orchard that may provide opportunities for development when on -site mitigation is infeasible as well as enhance ecological functions and habitat within the estuary. Figure 5-4. Ross Creek Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-68 5.3.5 Aquifer Recharge Areas All of the City of Port Orchard's public water supply is obtained from wells. The City's Critical Areas Ordinance recognizes critical aquifer recharge areas around water system wellheads and in areas that are highly susceptible to groundwater contamination. These areas are protected through a combination of regulatory restrictions and low -density zoning. Groundwater aquifers also supply water to lakes, wetlands, streams and to private wells. An aquifer is a sizable and continuous body of porous material composed of sand, gravel or silt saturated with water and capable of producing usable quantities of water to a well. As required by federal law, this water is monitored and tested to ensure that it meets the high standards required for drinking water. For water to be pumped on a sustainable basis, new water must enter the aquifer. Aquifers are recharged by rainwater infiltrating into the ground through permeable soils and by recharge from rivers, streams and lakes. Wetlands and natural areawide landscape depressions that allow water to stand also may aid in groundwater infiltration by slowing runoff and allowing it to seep into the ground when located in suitable areas. Development can lessen the water entering the aquifer by covering recharge areas with impervious surfaces or filling wetlands and natural depressions that contain standing water. Groundwater contamination may also result from development. Once groundwater is contaminated, it is difficult, costly, and sometimes impossible to clean up. Preventing contamination is necessary to avoid exorbitant costs, hardships, and potential physical harm to people. As in any urban area, maintaining effective groundwater recharge and groundwater quality will be a continuing challenge as urbanization occurs. 5.3.6 Shorelines Shorelines within the City of Port Orchard include those portions of Sinclair Inlet lying within the city limits and all lands extending landward 200 feet from the ordinary high water mark, together with any associated wetlands, river deltas, and floodways associated with tidal waters. The City also has one creek, Blackjack Creek, which is regulated as a "shoreline of the state" due to its average flow level. The estuarine portion of Ross Creek and portions of two lakes (Big Lake and Square Lake) also qualify as shorelines of the state. The Port Orchard vicinity is experiencing an increasing amount of urban development, which has affected the City's shorelines. Sinclair Inlet is a shallow, poorly flushing estuary, and the slow period of discharge and replenishment is a factor influencing its water and habitat quality in the inlet. The Department of Ecology's Total Maximum Daily Load (TDML) and Water Quality Implementation Plan identifies fecal coliform contamination, mostly from non - point source pollution, in addition to significant chemical contamination that includes high levels of mercury and PCBs have been documented in Sinclair Inlet. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-69 Currently, existing impervious surfaces along portions of Bay Street are not treated for stormwater runoff and flow directly into Sinclair Inlet. However, improvements are being made with adoption of Low Impact Development Standards and within the City's Stormwater utility and updated NPDES permit programs. The Inventory and Characterization section of the City's Shoreline Master Program contains detailed recommendations for land use, zoning, restoration plans and other actions that could assist in restoring shoreline water quality and habitat functions. 5.3.7 Climate Change and Sea Level Rise Climate change poses significant challenges to the City of Port Orchard. Rising sea levels, exacerbated by climate shifts, threaten Port Orchard's downtown area, while warmer marine waters impact both the natural environment and public health. According to Kitsap County's Climate Change Resiliency Assessment, under the low -emissions scenario, Port Orchard will as likely as not (50% likelihood) experience sea level rise of 0.4 feet by 2030, 0.8 feet by 2050, and 2.2 feet by 2100. These rising sea levels are expected to exacerbate existing challenges with saltwater in its downtown area. Additionally, the City may expect to experience other climate impacts, including an increase in the number of extreme heat days during the summer and decrease in freeze -free days during the winter and increased intensity of maximum 24-hour precipitation events. The impacts of a changing climate over time are likely to be felt across all aspects of life in Port Orchard. These climate impacts emphasize the importance of implementing proactive planning and adaptation strategies to protect Port Orchard's environment, infrastructure, and community well-being. 5.4 Natural Systems Goals and Policies General NS Goal 1. Maintain accurate and scientifically sound development regulations that protect the City's natural resources, while allowing for compatible growth and development. Policy NS-1 Maintain a Critical Areas Ordinance that protects surface water resources including fish and wildlife habitats and wetlands with special consideration for special status wildlife (listed species). Policy NS-2 Utilize Best Available Science to improve the protection of and increase the accuracy of information about wetlands, flood plains, channel migration zones, watershed boundaries and stream locations and types. Policy NS-3 Map wetlands, streams, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, geologically hazardous areas, frequently flooded areas, flood plains, channel migration zones, and the findings of professionally conducted local wetlands inventories into Critical Areas maps. Policy NS-4 Support the development of private mitigation banking programs in coordination with county, state and federal agencies, with sites in multiple watersheds to mitigate for unavoidable impacts to wetlands, streams, and their buffers. Ensure that replacement of altered or displaced wetland or stream functions occurs within the drainage basin or service area identified by the department. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-70 Policy NS-5 Inventory and monitor natural resource and climate resilience factors, such as tree canopy, open space, stormwater runoff, urban heat effects, and sea level rise, establishing baselines and monitoring programs to measure future progress and program needs. NS Goal 2. Protect the water quality, flows and ecological integrity of streams, wetlands, and Sinclair Inlet by appropriately regulating storm water and land use while allowing for compatible growth and development. Policy NS-6 Protect marine and fresh surface water resources by requiring that development, including rights -of -way, in critical areas is consistent with the Critical Areas Ordinance, Shoreline Master Program, Stormwater and Watersheds Comprehensive Plan, and other applicable local, state and federal regulations. Policy NS-7 Evaluate, avoid, minimize, and mitigate unavoidable impacts to surface water quality and quantity during the planning and development review process. Consider the cumulative impacts of existing and future development on surface water quantity and quality. Policy NS-8 Require native vegetation buffers along streams, marine and freshwater shorelines and wetlands to protect the functions and values of those surface waters. NS Goal 3. Preserve and enhance the City's tree canopy coverage to improve human health, protect wildlife habitat and enhance ecological function through the mitigation of urban heat island effects, reduction in stormwater runoff, energy consumption and release of carbon into the atmosphere. Policy NS-9 Adopt a canopy coverage target, consistent with NPDES Permit requirements, for the City and monitor progress on a regular basis to determine if policy changes are necessary to reach the City's target. Policy NS-10 Identify parks and open spaces in the City where tree canopy coverage could be increased. Policy NS-11 Use trees and vegetation to mitigate erosion potential, meet drainage needs and reduce the impacts of development. Policy NS-12 Establish programs and policies that maintain and increase forests and vegetative cover and prioritize the connectivity of forests that provide valuable wildlife corridors within the City. NS Goal 4. Adapt to changing climate conditions to minimize adverse effects on the environment, infrastructure, economy, and public health, especially as they relate to impacts on vulnerable populations and areas that have been disproportionately affected by climate change. Policy NS-13 Plan for and consider impacts from climate change including sea level rise, flooding, wildfire hazards, and urban heat on both existing and new development. Policy NS-14 Develop greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventories and climate action plans to reduce or eliminate emissions. Policy NS-15 Develop and implement adaptation strategies to prevent or minimize the adverse effects of climate change. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-71 Policy NS-16 Consider and implement where feasible nature -based solutions to address climate change, such as tree planting programs to sequester carbon, and low impact development strategies to address stormwater runoff, flooding and pollution. Policy NS-17 Reduce risk from natural hazards through mitigation, prioritizing vulnerable communities. Identify areas susceptible to flooding, wildfires, earthquakes, landslides and other natural hazards that overlap with at -risk populations to prioritize capital improvements. Policy NS-18 Apply an equity lens when considering the impacts of climate change on vulnerable and disadvantaged populations who have the least resources to deal with its impacts. Prioritize capital improvements in areas that have been traditionally underinvested in the City. NS Goal S. Ensure that all residents of the City, regardless of race, social or economic status have clean air, clean water, and other elements of a healthy environment. Policy NS-19 Reduce impacts to vulnerable populations and areas that have been disproportionately affected by noise, air pollution, or other environmental impacts. Geologically Hazardous Areas NS Goal 6. Protect the public health, safety and welfare from geologic hazards. Policy NS-20 Ensure that development in geologically hazardous areas occurs in a manner that minimizes hazard to health or property and minimizes impacts to the natural environment, including stream and shoreline processes. Policy NS-21 Protect public safety and health, maintain water quality and habitat, minimize erosion of soils and bluffs, and diminish the public cost of repairing areas from damage due to landslides, erosion and seismic activities through appropriate regulation and development conditions. Policy NS-22 Where information about extensive fill areas is known, depict fill areas as areas of geological hazard. Policy NS-23 Restrict development in geologically hazardous areas according to the Critical Areas Ordinance, unless the site is demonstrated by a qualified geotechnical engineer to be suitable for building. Policy NS-24 Protect forested steep slopes and ridgelines designated as geologically hazardous areas. Policy NS-25 Require revegetation with appropriate native plant species and enhancement of existing native vegetation on steep slopes that have been cleared in violation of the Critical Areas Ordinance. NS Goal 7. Consider geologically hazardous areas in assigning comprehensive plan designations and implementing zones. Policy NS-26 Maintain and update a City map for land use planning and regulatory purposes that depicts both Geologically Hazardous Areas and Areas of Geologic Concern, per the definitions in the Critical Areas Ordinance. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-72 Policy NS-27 Maintain and update a Critical Areas Ordinance that addresses land use controls in geologically hazardous areas. Policy NS-28 Base the geologically hazardous areas map on best available scientific information, such as the Coastal Zone Atlas of Washington, Quaternary Geology and Stratigraphy of Kitsap County, and other available geotechnical reports. Policy NS-29 Update the geologically hazardous areas map regularly to reflect the latest information. Policy NS-30 Establish development standards in geologically hazardous areas that promote retention and maintenance of existing native vegetation, and which discourages clearing of ridgelines and slopes to provide scenic vistas, and to ameliorate stormwater drainage impacts. Policy NS-31 Encourage location of building sites away from steep slopes and breaks in slope. Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas NS Goal 8. Safeguard the quality and quantity of long-term water supplies by preserving and protecting critical aquifer recharge areas through use of the appropriate regulatory means. Policy NS-32 Coordinate with the US Geological Survey, Kitsap County Health District, and the City Public Works Department to maintain and update the methodology and mapping used to identify Category I and Category II Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. Policy NS-33 Limit land uses listed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Groundwater and Drinking Water exhibit titled "Potential Sources of Drinking Water Contamination Index' within Category I Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. Within Category II areas, require appropriate safeguards and/or mitigation for listed land uses. Policy NS-34 Require proposed projects that present a potential threat to critical aquifer recharge areas and groundwater quality to provide hydrogeologic information to evaluate the proposal, in accordance with adopted plans and regulations. Policy NS-35 Implement plans created to improve water resource management, using resources available to accomplish higher priority actions first. Policy NS-36 Take immediate action to correct or limit saltwater intrusion in areas with evidence of intrusion and prevent saltwater intrusion in areas where hydrologic information indicates that saltwater intrusion is likely. Wetlands NS Goal 9. Protect the water quality, flows and ecological integrity of wetlands by appropriately regulating land uses and storm water through the development review process. Policy NS-37 The City's Critical Areas Ordinance shall protect existing wetland functions in order to maintain water quality, retention, and wildlife habitat. New development adjacent to protected wetlands shall be subject to vegetative buffers as identified in the Critical Areas Ordinance and other applicable development standards. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-73 Policy NS-38 Strive to achieve no net loss of wetland function in the short term, and a measurable gain of wetland function in the long term, in the following manner: Avoid direct impacts on wetlands and buffers; minimize direct impacts to wetlands and buffers; and mitigate impacts through creation, restoration, or enhancement of wetlands or buffers. Policy NS-39 Use of fencing, tape, or approved alternative to delineate wetland boundaries, buffers, and construction setbacks during construction shall be required as a condition of the land use permit or building permit. No construction activity or mechanical equipment shall be allowed in these delineated areas. Policy NS-40 Identification of wetlands and delineations of their boundaries shall be done in accordance with the approved federal wetland delineation manual and applicable regional supplements, and the most recent version of the Washington State Rating System for Western Washington, or as required in the City's Critical Areas Ordinance. Policy NS-41 Require the use of green infrastructure and low -impact development where such approaches are feasible when mitigation is required to address increased storm intensities and stormwater runoff. Frequently Flooded Areas NS Goal 10. Reduce the risk of damage to life, property, and the natural environment from flooding through appropriate regulatory means. Prevent development on floodplains that might have the potential to damage property or increase height, flow or velocity of floodwater. Policy NS-42 Avoid development in frequently flooded areas except when no conditions will be created which will be injurious to life, property or natural systems in times of flooding. Policy NS-43 Require improvements to existing structures within frequently flooded areas to be constructed using methods and practices that minimize flood damage. Policy NS-44 Minimize diking and bank protection that may alter the natural hydrology of streams, except where used to enhance habitat. Policy NS-45 Prohibit the construction of flood barriers that will unnaturally divert floodwaters or that may increase flood hazards in other areas. NS Goal 1 1. Prevent land use in floodplains that may degrade water quality during times of flooding. Policy NS-46 Prohibit locating hazardous materials and solid waste facilities in floodplains. Policy NS-47 Coordinate with the Kitsap County Health District to identify failing septic systems and connect to sewer, where available. Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas NS Goal 12. Preserve natural flood control, stormwater storage and drainage or stream flow patterns. Policy NS-48 Minimize habitat fragmentation and maximize connectivity of open space corridors when designating land use and zoning classifications and reviewing development proposals. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-74 Policy NS-49 Identify and protect habitat conservation areas throughout the city, where appropriate. Policy NS-50 Coordinate with appropriate federal and state agencies, local tribal governments, and community organizations to refine and maintain thorough assessments of habitat types and areas with important habitat elements. Based upon these assessments, develop a habitat protection plan that identifies areas most in need of protection and restoration, with special consideration for special status wildlife species. Policy NS-51 Consider the potential development impacts to habitat conservation areas, plant communities, and fish and wildlife populations in designating land use and zoning classifications. Policy NS-52 Require appropriate native vegetative buffers along surface waters to protect fish and wildlife habitat. Larger or enhanced buffer areas may be required to adequately protect priority fish and wildlife species. Buffer enhancement, restoration, and/or mitigation shall be required where buffers have been degraded or removed during new development. Policy NS-53 Review development applications located within identified habitat conservation areas and forward those that may pose a potential adverse impact to the appropriate agencies for review. Policy NS-54 Encourage developers to protect continuous corridors of native vegetation wherever possible, to disturb as little natural vegetation as feasible, and to enhance or restore wildlife habitat by transplanting or planting native vegetation in the developed landscape. Policy NS-55 Encourage redevelopment of areas within the city that were previously developed but that are now underutilized or vacant, to promote the highest and best use of existing properties and minimize new environmental impacts. Policy NS-56 Encourage cluster development to protect fish and wildlife habitat and, where possible, plan cooperatively with adjacent property owners to provide maximum habitat potential. Restoration of native vegetation within undeveloped areas of cluster development should be a requirement of such development. Policy NS-57 Encourage best management practices in the use of herbicides and pesticides near wetlands, surface waters or drainage ditches. NS Goal 13. Maintain accurate and sound development regulations that preserve the biological diversity of Port Orchard and the Puget Sound. Policy NS-58 Improve mapping of critical areas and buffers throughout Port Orchard and the South Kitsap Urban Growth Area. Policy NS-59 Maintain a CAO and development regulations that protect habitat conservation areas and important habitat elements. Policy NS-60 Identify species of local importance within Port Orchard City Limits. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-75 NS Goal 14. Preserve the biological diversity of Port Orchard and Puget Sound using non - regulatory means as appropriate. Policy NS-61 Maintain a citywide inventory of existing plant, fish, and wildlife habitat, including habitat for all species of concern identified by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, and make information available to the public. Policy NS-62 Map priority conservation areas based upon a synthesis of existing citywide assessments of aquatic habitat quality, terrestrial habitat quality, and groundwater recharge potential. Work with appropriate state agencies, local tribal governments, and community organizations to refine and maintain thorough citywide assessments of habitat types and areas with important habitat elements. Based upon these assessments, develop a habitat protection plan that identifies areas most in need of protection and restoration, with special consideration for special status wildlife. Implement the habitat protection plan through the Parks Plan and other incentive - based, non -regulatory efforts. Where inventories are incomplete, make it a high priority to complete them. Policy NS-63 Minimize habitat fragmentation and maximize connectivity of open space corridors when implementing non -regulatory efforts. Policy NS-64 Work with other government jurisdictions to coordinate watershed management and habitat protection efforts for watersheds and corridors that cross jurisdictional boundaries. Policy NS-65 Ensure that the City's Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Plan is consistent with habitat inventories and habitat protection plans. Policy NS-66 Minimize impacts to fish and wildlife species when siting trail systems through habitat conservation areas. Policy NS-67 Encourage public -private partnerships and voluntary efforts to protect, restore, and enhance fish and wildlife habitat. Provide information about existing government and private programs pertaining to voluntary habitat protection, enhancement, and restoration. NS Goal 15. Protect anadromous fish runs in the City of Port Orchard using appropriate regulatory means. Policy NS-68 Give special consideration to the protection of anadromous fish species when determining land use and zoning designations, and when developing and applying development regulations. Consider the relative importance of a stream's fisheries resource. NS Goal 16. Protect and restore anadromous fish runs in the City of Port Orchard using appropriate non -regulatory means. Policy NS-69 Restore local salmon populations by participating in the West Sound Watersheds Council Lead Entity and the Puget Sound Partnership. Policy NS-70 Develop and implement recovery plans for anadromous fish and other listed species under the Federal Endangered Species Act. Work with appropriate state and federal agencies, local tribal governments, and community organizations and adjacent jurisdictions to identify deficiencies in City programs and regulations. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-76 Policy NS-71 Work with resource agencies, tribal governments, the County, and others to inventory nearshore areas, prioritize and implement restoration projects. Policy NS-72 Work with resource agencies, local tribal governments, the County, and others to inventory, prioritize, and restore fish blockages, degraded stream reaches, and wetlands. Policy NS-73 Support and coordinate volunteer stream and wetland restoration and preservation efforts. NS Goal 17. Update the Ross and Blackjack Creek watershed plans to improve water resource management and implement improvements for ground and surface water quality and quantity in cooperation with tribal governments and interested citizens. Policy NS-74 Implement plans created to improve water resource management and monitoring, including the recommendations of the proposed Kitsap Peninsula (WRIA 15) Watershed Plan and Kitsap County Groundwater Management Plan, using resources available to accomplish higher priority actions first. Use watershed plans as a means of identifying projects with a broad base of community support and coordinating with neighborhood jurisdictions. Policy NS-75 Coordinate with other jurisdictions, agencies, and private landowners to reduce the impacts of non -point source pollution upon aquatic resources by implementing the recommendations of approved watershed action plans. NS Goal 18. Develop a funding strategy and financing plan that uses a mix of local, state, federal and private funds to achieve conservation and restoration priorities. Policy NS-76 Develop locally controlled long-term funding source(s) for natural resource protection and enhancement. Utilize these funds to the maximum extent possible to leverage grant funds. Policy NS-77 Coordinate with the State Department of Ecology, Kitsap Public Utility District, Kitsap County, area tribal governments, and other jurisdictions and government agencies to pursue funding for water resource management efforts. NS Goal 19. Comprehensively monitor and manage water resources through non - regulatory means to ensure their long-term viability. Policy NS-78 Ensure that local water resources are comprehensively monitored, paying special attention to aquifer recharge areas, groundwater levels, stream flows, and saltwater intrusion. Maintain a citywide water quality monitoring program. Policy NS-79 Adequately maintain groundwater quantity to avoid saltwater intrusion and to protect in -stream flows for anadromous fish populations. Utilize Best Available Science to determine desired streamflow and determine means of achieving those flows. Policy NS-80 Seek opportunities to use reclaimed water for wetland augmentation, irrigation, stream enhancement, and aquifer replenishment. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-77 Policy NS-81 Coordinate actions of the City of Port Orchard Public Works Department with other agencies and jurisdictions to improve runoff quality and reduce runoff flow rates to mitigate flooding and improve water quality. Utilize a basin approach to stormwater facility planning. Policy NS-82 Ensure all existing City -owned stormwater facilities, and all new private facilities and culverts are properly designed, constructed and maintained to reduce the occurrence of flooding, improve the quality of surface waters, and enhance aquifer recharge. Maintenance shall occur on a regular basis to ensure flood protection and water quality functions Policy NS-83 Employ best management practices in the City's use of herbicides and pesticides near surface waters or drainage ditches. Policy NS-84 Educate City residents and businesses about the natural environment and the benefits of healthy surface and groundwater resources. Policy NS-85 Incorporate best available science related to the effects of climate change on water availability and quality into future water resource planning. Ensure stormwater facilities meet or exceed requirements for managing peak flows as climate change increases the frequency and intensity of storm events. Shorelines and Aquatic Areas NS Goal 20. Encourage shoreline access and diversity by recognizing the distribution and location requirements of housing, commerce, industry, transportation, public buildings, education, recreation and natural resources. Policy NS-86 Encourage and support shoreline diversity through planned and coordinated development, which gives preference to water -dependent uses, maintenance of shoreline resource values, and continuing environmental protection. Policy NS-87 Ensure shoreline access for all Port Orchard residents and visitors. NS Goal 21. Water -dependent and water -related commercial uses should be encouraged when the shoreline can accommodate such development. Policy NS-88 Encourage and support water -related and water -dependent commercial uses that are environmentally compatible with the City's Shoreline Master Program and other shoreline and aquatic area protection policies and regulations. Policy NS-89 Land use activities shall be sited and designed to minimize conflicts with and avoid impacts to the shoreline environment. Policy NS-90 Encourage maritime dependent services and industry to remain and to improve their services while operating in an environmentally sustainable manner. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-78 NS Goal 22. Increase public awareness of the historical, cultural and environmental influences of Port Orchard's shorelines. Policy NS-92 Historical, cultural, educational or scientific areas should be identified, preserved and/or restored and shoreline development within them should be minimized. Policy NS-93 Waterfront historical districts (those identified now and in the future), cultural resource areas and specific historic sites and structures should be integrated into zoning and planning maps and development regulations. Policy NS-94 Public awareness of the historical, cultural and environmental influences of Port Orchard's shoreline should be increased through educational and interpretive projects. NS Goal 23. When development or redevelopment of shoreline properties is proposed, the development proposal should include restoration of degraded shoreline habitat where feasible, consistent with the requirements of the City's shoreline master program. Policy NS-95 Shoreline development proposals should include an analysis of potential opportunities for restoration of degraded shoreline habitat, including but not limited to opportunities for: removal of shoreline fill, bank armoring and overwater structures; re-establishing intertidal and riparian vegetation; and restoring tidal processes. Policy NS-96 Shoreline development proposals should include an analysis of anticipated impacts to shoreline ecological functions and provide mitigation measures sufficient to ensure no net loss of such functions. NS Goal 24. Manage land use and water resources so that shellfish and finfish that utilize marine and freshwater in Port Orchard are abundant and fit for human consumption. Policy NS-97 Maintain or improve water quality such that shellfish within Port Orchard are safe to consume. Policy NS-98 Maintain or improve marine habitat such that there is no net loss of shellfish habitat quantity and quality within Port Orchard compared to a baseline of 1995. Policy NS-99 Maintain or improve fresh, estuarine, and marine habitat such that there is no net loss of fin fish habitat quantity and quality within Port Orchard compared to a baseline of 1995. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-79 Figure 5-6. Port Orchard Environmental Map 0 0(% of Purl Orchard Emironmcntal Slip Legend 0 cn k..4.y Fie IW.e A_ M O A% ­, C­FWa Nave ® FE1W Z—AE ® FEiA.—A w- FWO., —'omrcw+�• �ole�rt.',i.Ylnh 0.MOOc MUN Ann �ICanan M� Flnre Areas A�tl Ease W np'mM� Ner Vowo es W .E Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-80 Figure 5-7. Port Orchard FEMA Flood Zone Map lAl"III ■IfJIII ■II II :IIIII �H �I;=,'' II!i'I : � rY]LiYR.? •. Gil '" , � r'• II1 r11�� '', t � \�11 k All Ri��i• _li rRUDE r � it � ' r'•iai� � ice+ Ji u7�11♦ Aw��� � �l. �� � 11I�II •3^HG,J All _ al ` Ylrr IVIE .Ilr r�l ; = IIIIII, 0 Ix� ■ ■ �� R1' �n ■ raA' �t (Mlunp ��fl film// exII HIT �'��' �� ulliji�� •n+• mrlril - - Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 5-81 ieure 5-8. Port Orchard Shoreline Jurisdiction Man City of Port Orchard ShomAhae Jurisdiction �^ Shoreline Jurisdictim i7y Boundary roan Growth Area Feet 1,20@,400 4,5-0 7,200 Chapter 6 Economic Development 6.1 Introduction The purpose of the Economic Development Element is to outline the City's goals and policies for types, intensity, and location of employment, commercial services for residents, and industrial businesses. Economic Development Vision Plan for a vital, sustainable economy with a diversity of jobs and businesses that create a healthy local employment and economic base, supported by an appropriate range of land uses. This chapter also outlines goals for balancing environmental protection and economic growth, creating connections with the business community, and improving the overall economic state of Port Orchard. In addition, this chapter will briefly discuss employment goals in Port Orchard and the potential benefits of the City as an employment hub within Kitsap County. The economic vision for the future of Port Orchard as a whole can be summarized by the following guiding principles: • Unify the business community. • Establish investment priorities. • Plan for a vital sustainable economy. • Work in concert with current plans and processes. • Promote, attract, and maintain a diversity of jobs and businesses to create a dynamic, diverse, and vigorous employment and economic base. • Honor and value Port Orchard's unique maritime past. • Create opportunities for small businesses, women -owned businesses, and minority -owned businesses to locate in the City, decreasing barriers to entry where possible. • Continue to identify and support centers within the City where job growth opportunities and infrastructure investments can be prioritized. • Maintain a balanced mix of residential and commercial land uses and adjust the future land use map as economic conditions change over time. This Element provides goals and policies to guide development, identify key goals and opportunities, and designate appropriately zoned land for development of primary employment. The Comprehensive Plan promotes economic development by designating a diverse mix and appropriate range of commercial, office, industrial, and residential land uses that, in turn, will provide opportunities for businesses to locate within proximity to residents and create living wage jobs that contribute to a healthy local economy. The City of Port Orchard's economic development policies prioritize working with the private sector and area employers to grow and improve our community and its economy. The intended outcome of this collaboration is increasing quality of life and opportunity for our citizens. Local economic policy also plays a strong role in balancing the needs of growth and protection of our environment. Areas designated for economic development must have easy access to necessary public facilities such as utilities and highways yet have a limited impact on environmentally sensitive areas such as the Puget Sound, streams, and wetlands. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-83 6.2 Economic Conditions 6.2.1 Geographic Setting Port Orchard is well located. It is only a 10-minute ferry ride or 20-minute drive from the county's largest city, Bremerton, and the Naval Shipyard (part of Naval Base Kitsap). From Bremerton, a one -hour WSDOT ferry provides a connection to downtown Seattle, the economic and cultural center of the Pacific Northwest. Additional Kitsap Transit operated passenger -only ferry services (fast ferries) are available from both Bremerton and Southworth, with each providing an approximate 30-minute travel time to downtown Seattle. Among cities in Kitsap County, Port Orchard is the closest to international export terminals at the Port of Tacoma. Port Orchard is a one -hour drive (without traffic) from the region's main international airport in SeaTac and is also near Bremerton National Airport and the surrounding industrial center. Port Orchard has taken advantage of its many miles of waterfront. Water -dependent businesses include boat maintenance, sales, and moorage in several public and private marinas. 6.2.2 Population Port Orchard has steadily grown since its incorporation in 1890. As of 2020, Port Orchard's population was 15,587 according to the U.S. Census, and the Washington Office of Financial Management (OFM) estimates the 2024 population at 18,300. The Kitsap Regional Coordinating Council's Countywide Planning Policies have allocated the City a share of the Puget Sound Region's expected 20-year growth, amounting to an increase of 10,500 people between the 2023 and 2044 planning horizon. This is not a population growth projection, but rather informs the City how many new residents it must plan for by way of zoning regulations and infrastructure capacity. The County's total allocation is established in Vision 2050 using population estimates derived from the U.S. census. Kitsap County Buildable Lands Report estimates that Port Orchard has an additional population capacity of 16,250 residents as of 2020. This is greater than the City's planning target (10,500 additional residents) as found in the Countywide Planning Policies and means that the City has surplus capacity for an additional 5,750 residents. Technically, this surplus means the City is not bound to implement any significant changes to its land use and zoning regulations to accommodate its allocated growth. However, it is prudent to begin planning now so that the City grows responsibly and uses its developable land efficiently. Another consideration is the population of the South Kitsap Urban Growth Area (UGA), the land around the City that has been designated for eventual annexation into Port Orchard. The 2021 Kitsap County Buildable Lands Report shows the UGA population in 2012 was 14,505, and the County has allocated it an increase of 3,552 people by 2044. The Buildable Lands Report shows the UGA has a capacity of 3,552 people through the planning period, which identifies adequate housing capacity within the UGA to meet the UGA's population allocation. Based on the 2021 Kitsap County Buildable Lands Report, the total population capacity for the City of Port Orchard and the UGA would amount to a total population of 41,173. This has significant implications for the City's economic development policies and its provision of public services. Even if the City doesn't annex these areas, many of the residents living in the UGA work, shop, recreate, and travel in Port Orchard. As such, the City must consider the proximity of these areas and impacts to the City from this population when making decisions. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-84 6.2.3 Employment As of 2022, the Puget Sound Regional Council reports that Port Orchard hosts 7,722 jobs. This data is derived from the Washington State Employment Security Department. Like recent Comprehensive Plan Updates, the largest employment share continues to be service jobs, a broad category that includes jobs in technical and scientific services, health care and social assistance, arts and entertainment, and accommodations and food services. Retail jobs make up the second largest share with government jobs ranking third, which is attributable to Port Orchard being the county seat. Overall, job growth has been primarily confined to the service and retail sectors, with some growth in construction jobs over the past decade, likely reflecting the large amount of homebuilding occurring in the community. Port Orchard has a notably smaller share of technology and information jobs compared to Seattle and other parts of the Puget Sound region. The Washington State Employment Security Department estimates that as of summer 2023 up to 25 percent of workdays nationally are worked from home, and this trend has potential implications for the City, particularly if technology and other knowledge industry workers in the region choose to live in Port Orchard due to lower costs of living. The sector breakdown is shown below in Figure 6-1. Figure 6-1. Port Orchard Employment Sectors 3,500 Services 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 Retail --� Government Warehousing,Transport. Education p Finance, Real Estate � Manufacturi 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Source: Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRQ Covered Employment Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-85 Port Orchard has also been allocated a set amount of employment growth by the Kitsap Countywide Planning Policies. As required by the Kitsap Countywide Planning Policies, Appendix B- 2, between 2020- 2044 the City must plan for an additional 5,400 jobs, with 2,571 of those being commercial jobs and 560 being industrial jobs. Almost two-thirds of the allocated employment growth is based on increased jobs in finance, insurance, real estate, and services. The City must also plan for manufacturing jobs to nearly quadruple, though the actual number is relatively small. Residents have voiced support for enabling light industrial activities in established commercial areas, while there is less support for locating new heavy industrial businesses in Port Orchard. The City should strike a balance between being open to new industries and encouraging them to locate its own industrial park within the City, or in the Puget Sound Industrial Center - Bremerton, a nearby industrial park within the City of Bremerton. The 2021 Kitsap County Buildable Lands Report found that Port Orchard currently has the capacity for 5,243 additional jobs, which is slightly less than the allocation. This indicates Port Orchard needs to add 153 jobs worth of employment capacity to support future employment growth targets, which is resolved by making minor adjustments to the zoning maps and by adding capacity within the Bethel Lund and Bethel Sedgwick subareas. Jobs capacity is determined by calculating the amount of additional commercial and industrial square footage that can be accommodated within the City. Additionally, the Washington Employment Security Department (ESD) publishes medium- and long-term forecasts of employment growth by region. Figure 6-2 shows forecast new jobs by sector in Kitsap, Clallam, and Jefferson Counties through 2030. Many of Port Orchard's prominent sectors, including government, leisure and hospitality, and retail trade, are expected to see significant regional growth in the coming decades, some of which should be captured by Port Orchard. On the other hand, there are also expected to be a significant number of new professional, business, and health care jobs in the region as well, which Port Orchard may wish to consider strategies for attracting. Figure 6-2. Forecasted Jobs by Employment Sector GOVERNMENT - OTHER SERVICES LEISURE and HOSPITALITY EDUCATION and HEALTH SERVICES PROFESSIONAL and BUSINESS SERVICES FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES ■ NFORMATION ■ TRANSPORTATION, WAREHOUSING AND UTILITIES . RETAIL TRADE WHOLESALE TRADE ■ MANUFACTURING . CONSTRUCTION NATURAL RESOURCES and Mining 0 1,000 Source: Washington Employment Security Department Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 2020-2025 ■ 2025-2030 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 Forecast New Jobs Page 6-86 6.2.4 Wages Wage data for Port Orchard is not directly available, but the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics does collect data for all of Kitsap County. While this can be generally applied to Port Orchard, it should be noted that these numbers may not account for local differences and that wage and employment conditions change overtime. However, many Port Orchard residents work outside of the city in Bremerton and other job centers in the county, including numerous military installations. The county has higher than average concentrations of those working in: • architecture and engineering • life, physical, and social sciences • community and social service • healthcare support • food service • construction and extraction • installation, maintenance, and repair The median household income (MHI) in Port Orchard in 2020 was $71,719, while the MHI for Kitsap County was $78,969 and the MHI for Washington State as a whole was $77,006. Port Orchard's MHI in 2020 represents a 21 percent increase since 2010 when adjusted for inflation, which is significantly higher than the 12 percent increase in Kitsap County and 14 percent increase in Washington State during the same timeframe. 6.2.5 Businesses Port Orchard has a variety of businesses that serve residents from throughout the greater South Kitsap region. Most shopping and service areas are characterized by large and recognized chains. Key commercial areas include the Bethel corridor, Mile Hill, and the Sedgwick/SR-16 corridor, where national retailers and grocery stores make up a large part of the City's tax base. Port Orchard is also home to several business clusters. There are several healthcare facilities along the Tremont corridor that include medical centers and assisted living facilities. Located in the industrial park are manufacturers of building furnishings, electronics, and aerospace parts. The Kitsap County campus south of downtown has a large concentration of government jobs, which attracts private firms specializing in engineering, land development and law. There are also a variety of small businesses throughout Port Orchard. Many residents take pride in that fact nearly all the businesses on the core stretch of Bay Street are small and locally based. They include restaurants and eateries, a theatre, antique shops, bail bondsmen and several boutiques. Creating an economic environment that encourages small, local businesses has been identified as an important consideration by the community, as well as the importance placed on redeveloping and improving the Downtown core. Port Orchard also has many self-employed residents in home businesses. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-87 6.2.6 Tax Structure The City operates on an annual budget of approximately $128 million in 2024, with operating funds representing approximately $47.6 million of the budget. The budget is divided into multiple accounts that have dedicated funding sources, and each must have balanced revenues and expenditures each year. Much of the budget pays for Port Orchard's streets, water system, sewer system, and stormwater system, which are vitally important to maintaining quality of life and the local economy. The "Current Expense" fund is perhaps the most visible to the public, as this fund is supported by property and sales taxes and primarily pays for the operations of each City department. The sales tax rate in Port Orchard is 9.3% and breaks down as follows: State: 6.5% City of Port Orchard: 0.94% Criminal Justice: 0.10% Kitsap County: 0 .35% Kitsap Transit: 1.10% Emergency Communications: 0.20% KC Mental Health Treatment Services: 0.10% State Administration Fee: 0.01% Figure 6-3. Taxable Retail Sales in Port Orchard 2012-2022 $1,000,000,000 $900r000r000 $800,000r000 $700r000r000 $60 ,WG,000 $500,wo, 0o $400,000,Q00 $300,000,ow $200,000,ow S100,000,o00 So 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 21017 2018 2019 2CM 2021 2022 As of 2024 the City's annual property tax is 1.072 cents per $1,000 of assessed value. Other property taxes levied by a number of other local governments combine for a total rate of 8.42 cents per $1,000 of assessed value. For a residential property assessed at the area's median value of $469,750, the rate is equivalent to $3,044 per year. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-88 6.3 Challenges VISION 2050 calls on local governments to address the obstacles and special needs related to economically disadvantaged populations, particularly through a housing lens. The City is committed to improving the economic conditions of its residents by providing opportunities for living -wage businesses to locate and grow within Port Orchard, by supporting educational and vocational training opportunities, by promoting efficient land use with housing, jobs and mass transit in proximity to each other, and by encouraging development and maintenance of affordable, adequate housing options to serve a variety of household types. Emphasis is placed on providing these services within designated local centers where a need for revitalization, infill development, and/or improvements to transportation facilities have been identified. 6.4 Economic Development Goals and Policies This Plan addresses Economic Development in several categories, each with associated goals and policies which provide the primary foundation for this Economic Development Element, supporting both the overall vision of the Comprehensive Plan and the needs and desires of the community. ED Goal 1. Support a diversified economy that provides primary living wage jobs for residents, supported by adequate land for a range of employment uses, and which encourages accomplishment of local economic development goals. Policy ED-1 The City should maintain an adequate inventory of land to accommodate targeted employment growth. Policy ED-2 The City should enable the establishment of new businesses and the expansion of existing businesses through fair, consistent, and timely permitting processes. Policy ED-3 Encourage new economic development opportunities that utilize regional infrastructure, including highway, rail, aviation, and marine links between Port Orchard, the Puget Sound Industrial Center -Bremerton, the Port of Tacoma, Naval Base Kitsap, and the greater region. Policy ED-4 Promote business opportunities that utilize and attract the availability of a highly skilled workforce and within geographic proximity to military facilities. Policy ED-5 Promote business opportunities that provide on-the-job training, educational opportunities, and other means of assistance for disadvantaged populations to achieve living -wage employment. ED Goal 2. Encourage new commercial development to occur within designated centers near housing, multi -modal transportation connections, and urban services. Policy ED-6 The City should encourage residential and commercial growth in centers where job opportunities and a diverse mix of retail and professional/technical office activities are concentrated. Policy ED-7 The City shall prioritize economic development and redevelopment in local centers. Policy ED-8 The City shall undertake efforts to redevelop downtown in the interest of vibrancy, community, and small business. Policy ED-9 The City shall encourage the continuation and marketing efforts of downtown events and holiday festivals. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-89 Policy ED-10 The City shall continue to implement a citywide wayfinding system that directs residents and visitors to civic and commercial centers of local importance. ED Goal 3. Encourage growth and diversification that maximizes employment and improves the opportunity for residents to both work and live in Port Orchard. Policy ED-11 The City shall implement long-term economic policies that support the needs of employers while meeting diversification and employment objectives and improving the City's tax base. Policy ED-12 The City should improve economic competitiveness by developing incentives for business growth, expansion, and relocation, and by utilizing tools such as tax incentives and modernization and streamlining of development regulations. Policy ED-13 The City shall strive to ensure its future employment allocation is met with primary jobs, which produce goods or services principally sold to clients outside of the City, to support the creation of secondary jobs, which produce goods or services principally sold to clients within the City. Policy ED-14 Attract a variety of retailers, services, and light industry to provide diverse shopping and service opportunities. Policy ED-15 Identify and eliminate disparities in access to economic opportunities by gathering and incorporating community feedback in future land use planning activities. Policy ED-16 Establish relationships with community stakeholder groups to better understand how local and regional policies affect City residents, particularly as they relate to people of color and people with low incomes. ED Goal 4. Promote and support a healthy, diverse economy that provides for a strong and diverse tax base, maintains an industrial base, and encourages the retention, attraction, and expansion of business in Port Orchard. Policy ED-15 Recognize the arts as a contribution to the economic diversity of Port Orchard. Prefer local, qualified artists for public art commissions. Policy ED-16 Recognize and encourage tourism as a growing contribution to the economic diversity of Port Orchard. Policy ED-17 Encourage small business enterprises and cottage industries. Policy ED-18 The City shall allow traditional home occupations as permitted by local regulations, including live -work units. Policy ED-19 Maintain Port Orchard as a unique and significant waterfront destination with recreation and retail opportunities for tourists and residents. Policy ED-21 The City shall support the full utilization and build out of industrially zoned properties in the Port Orchard Industrial Park. Explore streamlined permitting processes for future development. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-90 ED Goal S. Increase residents' ability to enjoy a high quality of life and access to healthy living opportunities, such as locally produced food, nearby grocery stores, parks and open space, and safe streets for all users. Policy ED-22 The City shall ensure its land use code permits urban agriculture and community gardens within compatible zoning districts. Policy ED-23 Encourage the continuation and expansion of the Port Orchard Farmer's Market into a year-round event and identify other sites around the City that could be used for additional farmer's markets. Policy ED-24 Support the local food economy and its capacity to grow, process, and distribute food within Port Orchard and throughout the South Kitsap area and encourage local restaurants and food retailers to buy and sell local products. Policy ED-25 The City shall ensure that centers allow for neighborhood scale grocery stores and restaurants to ensure that the City's residents have access to healthy food options. Policy ED-26 The City shall prioritize pedestrian, bicycle, and transit facility improvements that connect grocery stores, healthcare facilities, and general commercial centers to surrounding residential areas. ED Goal 6. Provide a diverse mix and appropriate range of commercial, industrial, and business park uses within Port Orchard and South Kitsap area that will provide living wage jobs. Policy ED-27 The City shall encourage mixed use developments within centers and other areas designated for mixed -use development that will enhance the visual, economic, and environmental quality of these areas and improve the transition between commercial and residential districts. Policy ED-28 The City shall require pedestrian orientation for non-residential uses and office or residential uses above ground floor retail uses within centers. Policy ED-29 The City should encourage the redevelopment of strip commercial areas through changes to the land use code, landscaping code, and signage code. ED Goal 7. Balance business and industrial development with environmental protection and continue to maintain and enhance the quality of life in Port Orchard as growth occurs. Policy ED-30 The City should encourage new industrial uses to locate its own industrial park within the City, or in the Puget Sound Industrial Center -Bremerton. Policy ED-31 The City should encourage the use of "green" materials and techniques in all types of construction by adopting the US Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) standard for public projects. Policy ED-32 The City should remove barriers that prevent innovative low -impact development strategies consistent with the adopted stormwater manual. Allow for multiple uses of landscaping and reduction in impervious surface areas, such as bioswales, porous paving, and vegetated roofs. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-91 Policy ED-33 The City should encourage solid waste reduction by residents and businesses. Policy ED-34 The City should ensure that development standards and regulations are permissive of modern technologies that mitigate potential environmental impacts and provide environmental benefits, with regular review and updating as new technologies emerge. Policy ED-35 The City should pursue ongoing actions and policies that are consistent with the Puget Sound Clean Air Agency's targets for local emission reductions in an effort to address and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. ED Goal 8. Coordinate economic expansion so that it is concurrent with capital facilities, multi -modal transportation networks, and urban services, especially within centers. Policy ED-36 Encourage the full utilization and development of designated commercial and industrial areas. Promote revitalization and redevelopment within existing developed areas to take advantage of investments in existing buildings and infrastructure. Policy ED-37 Further explore ways to reduce long-term and commuter parking on the City's downtown waterfront, such as the addition of a parking garage. Policy ED-38 Support increased Kitsap Transit bus and foot ferry service during evenings and weekends year-round. Policy ED-39 Encourage the provision of high-speed Internet service citywide, including implementation of fiber optic infrastructure and wireless internet, and require that new development and redevelopment allow fiber optic cable to locate in utility corridors and easements where feasible. Policy ED-40 Encourage and incentivize the undergrounding of utilities where feasible. ED Goal 9. Foster and facilitate partnerships and cooperation among government, private corporations, and nonprofit entities to promote the economic development goals and policies of Port Orchard. Policy ED-41 As appropriate, work with other jurisdictions, state and federal agencies, tribes, Port of Bremerton, Kitsap Economic Development Alliance (KEDA), South Kitsap Chamber of Commerce, Port Orchard Bay Street Association, and the Kitsap County Public Utilities Districts, in marketing and developing the City of Port Orchard. Policy ED-42 Work in association with community business groups, economic development groups/agencies, and residents to create branding opportunities that identify and promote economic development opportunities throughout the City. Policy ED-43 Work with local community business groups to support growth and participation in the organization, including supporting efforts to receive certification/accreditation with other local, regional, state, and national economic development organizations. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-92 ED Goal 10. Attract and encourage expansion of educational and medical institutions to assure a highly skilled work force. Policy ED-44 Encourage the maintenance and expansion of public and private schools within Port Orchard to serve a growing population. Policy ED-45 Encourage the development of higher education institutions within Port Orchard to provide vocational, technical, and postsecondary programs. Policy ED-46 Encourage the development and expansion of medical institutions that serve a growing local and regional population while utilizing and attracting a highly skilled workforce. ED Goal 11. Ensure adequate land use capacity for job growth needs in commercial, retail, and industrial employment sectors. Policy ED-47 Encourage commercial land uses on the ground floor of mixed -use buildings within zoning districts in areas designated as centers for growth. Policy ED-48 In association with future Comprehensive Plan updates and zoning amendments related to commercial, retail, and/or industrial uses, review the City's land use capacity needs and projections to ensure consistency with growth targets. ED Goal 12. Support and recognize the contributions of the region's culturally and ethnically diverse communities, institutions, and Native Tribes. Policy ED-49 Coordinate with Tribes in local and regional planning and economic development efforts, recognizing the mutual benefits of coordinated growth. Policy ED-50 Recognize Tribes' contributions to local and regional economic prosperity, land and resource management, placemaking, and cultural enrichment. ED Goal 13. Economic development strategies should address with environmental concerns, promote equity and access to opportunity, minimize displacement impacts to existing businesses, recognize the importance of existing and emerging technologies, and protect the quality of life. Policy ED-51 Coordinate with regional jurisdictions and agencies to develop coordinated strategies and interjurisdictional processes to mitigate the impacts of displacement. Policy ED-52 Utilize PSRC's Displacement Risk Mapping Tool to identify areas within the City that have higher risk of displacement based on neighborhood conditions, and establish mitigation programs for these areas to promote equitable outcomes. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 6-93 Chapter 7 Utilities This Utilities Element of the 2024 Comprehensive Plan Periodic Update provides direction and guidance, based on consultant research and analysis of the City's Water System Plan10, General Sewer Plan11, and Stormwater and Watersheds Comprehensive Plan12, in collaboration with City staff, to improve and maintain the City's existing utility system and develop additional utility infrastructure and capacity to Utilities Vision Develop and maintain public and private utilities to meet the needs of a growing population and a 215T century economy. Services are efficiently provided and available to the entire community. Utilities are sited, designed, and operated in a manner that is consistent with d' 1 d d 't' meet the City's growth needs. The Element also draws from the system plans prepared by outside agencies such as West Sound Utility District, Bremerton Water, and Puget Sound Energy (PSE). This Element is based on 2023 data, facilities, population and projected growth patterns, with a planning horizon projected to 2044. The state Growth Management Act (GMA) requires that comprehensive plans include a utilities element that indicates the general location of existing facilities, the surroun mg an uses an main ains proposed location of future facilities, and capacity of all community character. existing and proposed utilities. The GMA also requires that public utilities shall be adequate to serve development at the time the development is available for occupancy and use, without decreasing current service levels below locally established minimum standards. Over the next 20 years, the City expects that utilities will need to be provided to approximately 26,087 residents of the incorporated City and urban growth area (UGA). Public and private utility providers must plan for the necessary infrastructure to rehabilitate aging systems, respond to growth, and adapt the changing technology and consumer behavior. Although the City does not control non -City managed utilities, such as water within the City of Bremerton's water services area, water and sewer in West Sound Utility District's service area, telecommunications, natural gas, and electrical service, it does regulate how non -City owned utilities are developed and managed within Port Orchard. The Utilities Element, in conjunction with the City's functional plans for water, sewer, and storm water management, is the guiding or strategy document that the City will use to achieve its goals of providing utilities at the appropriate levels of service to the City's existing and future residents and businesses. The Utilities Element serves as a policy guide for general maintenance and improvement of the utility system while the City's functional plans include more detailed inventory, analysis, and specific recommendations for utility maintenance, improvement, and future development. The City's regulatory and non -regulatory decisions and programs, as well as budget decisions related to utilities, should be consistent with this Element and with the City's functional plans. Additionally, this Element works in tandem with the Land Use Element and the Capital Facilities Element to ensure that Port Orchard will have adequate utilities available for projected growth concurrent with the impacts of growth and development. Policies in this Element also address environmental impacts, facilities siting and construction, economics, and design aesthetics. io https://Portorchardwa.gov/documents/2020-water-system-plan/ 11 https://storage.googleapis.com/proudcity/portorchardwa/uploads/2017/10/General-Sewer-Plan-Update- FINAL1.pdf " https://Portorchardwa.gov/documents/2023-port-orchard-stormwater-and-watersheds-comprehensive-plan/ Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-94 7.1 City -Managed Utilities Sewer The City of Port Orchard owns, operates, and maintains wastewater collection and conveyance facilities serving portions of the City that collects and delivers wastewater to the South Kitsap Water Reclamation Facility (SKWRF). The City has an interlocal agreement for wastewater treatment with the West Sound Utility District (WSUD), which operates the SKWRF. WSUD also provides sewer collection and conveyance to the eastern portion of the City and the City's UGA. There are approximately 70 miles of sewer lines within Port Orchard's sewer utility ranging from 2 to 24 inches in diameter. These lines include approximately 49 miles of gravity sewers, 8 miles of force mains, and 14 miles of septic tank effluent pumping (STEP) mains. There are 17 pump stations within the system. The City also maintains a telemetry system to monitor the operating conditions of system components. The City's current service area is approximately 2,100 acres, with a population of about 17,480. Over the next 20 years, the City's sewer service area is expected to grow to approximately 5,700 acres to serve the estimated population of about 26,087. Water The City provides drinking water within portions of the city limits and selected adjacent areas within its retail service area, supplied primarily by six active wells. There are two interties with the City of Bremerton's water system and an emergency intertie with the WSUD. Eight reservoirs provide 4.8 million gallons of storage. There are three booster pump stations, and over 300,000 feet of pipe ranging from 4 to 18 inches in diameter. Other water suppliers within Port Orchard include Berry Lake Manors, which serves a 30-unit mobile home park, the City of Bremerton serves areas north of Old Clifton Road in the western parts of Port Orchard, and the WSUD, which serves selected areas on the eastern boundary of the City outside the City water service area. Stormwater The City manages stormwater conveyance facilities that collect runoff and provides treatment and discharge in accordance with federal and state requirements for water quality protection. As detailed in the City's 2023 Stormwater and Watersheds Comprehensive Plan, much of the City's stormwater system discharges to Sinclair Inlet through a system of more than 50 outfalls along the waterfront that varyfrom 5 to 24 inches in diameter. The piped and ditched portions of the system are primarily within the older, more commercial areas of Port Orchard, while the outlying, more residential areas are largely composed of the remaining elements of the region's original natural drainage system (i.e., lakes, streams and wetlands) and are supported by a widely distributed system of culverts, ditches, pipes, and ponds. 7.2 Non -City Managed Utilities The Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (WUTC) regulates the services and defines the costs that a utility can recover, to ensure that the utility acts prudently and responsibly. Under the GMA, both the WUTC and the City of Port Orchard have jurisdiction over the activities of electric, gas, and telephone utilities within the City. The City has the authority to regulate land use and, under the GMA, the requirement to consider the locations of existing and proposed utilities and potential utility corridors in land use planning and permit decisions. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-95 The Telecommunications Act of 1996 established the role and responsibilities of the Federal Communications Commission in licensing wireless communication providers. The licenses allow the right to use a block or blocks of the radio frequency spectrum to provide wireless services. The Act recognizes the authority of state and local governments over decisions regarding siting of wireless communication facilities, subject to certain limitations. Sewer Residents within the City that are outside of the City's sewer service area are served by the West Sound Utility District (WSUD). Water A small portion of the City is served by the West Sound Utility District (formerly known as Annapolis Water District), whose service area lies east of Port Orchard and includes portions of the City's eastern potential annexation, or urban growth area. An interlocal agreement is in place to ensure coordination and compatibility with the City's water service. The City's 260 Pressure Zone water supply is augmented during high demand or emergency conditions through an intertie with the City of Bremerton. Solid Waste and Recycling Solid waste and recyclable materials collection is contracted to Waste Management Northwest. Electrical Service Puget Sound Energy (PSE) builds, operates and maintains the electrical system serving Port Orchard. Natural Gas Service Cascade Natural Gas builds, operates and maintains the natural gas distribution system that serves Port Orchard. Cascade Natural Gas has indicated that their service area covers all of Port Orchard and its UGA. Telecommunications Telecommunications is the transmission of information in the form of electronic signals or similar means. Telecommunications services generally include the following categories: • Landline telephone. CenturyLink and Astound provide landline telephone service to Port Orchard. Wireless communications (cell towers or antennae). A variety of cellular communication and wireless data services are available in Port Orchard (Verizon, Sprint, etc). Currently, these services rely on ground -based antennae located on towers or buildings. Cable television and broadband internet. There are several providers that serve Port Orchard, such as Astound, CenturyLink, KPUD and DIRECTV. 7.3 Existing Conditions Asset Management In 2024, the City of Port Orchard will begin the initial implementation of a comprehensive Asset Management Program (AMP) to enhance utility infrastructure longevity. Through rigorous assessments, the City will develop a strategic plan prioritizing preventive maintenance, capital improvements, and replacements. Asset management software and staff training will improve predictive maintenance. This program implementation will assist in providing a resilient and sustainable future, ensuring utility infrastructure would endure and efficiently serve the growing community. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-96 Sewer The condition and capacity of the City's wastewater collection system, including gravity sewer lines, force mains, and lift stations, was analyzed by the City's consultant in association with the General Sewer Plan's September 2020 Amendment. The conveyance system was analyzed using the InfoSWMM computer modeling platform. This hydraulic model simulated the performance of the major collection system components, including all pump stations and the major sewer mains within the City's collection system. The General Sewer Plan13 identifies minor capacity issues under existing flow conditions in areas throughout the City which will be addressed through implementation of the Capital Improvement Program (CIP). The General Sewer Plan identifies some necessary upgrades to the Bay Street Lift Station Replacement, Marina Pump Station, Tremont Place Diversion, and Golden Pond Lift Station. Additional new facilities, including South Sidney Lift Station and Sidney Second Force Main, have been identified to provide adequate capacity in the City's wastewater system as future development occurs. These improvements are included in the General Sewer Plan's 6-year Capital Improvement Program (CIP) and are described in more detail in the adopted General Sewer Plan Update. Water The City's water supply and distribution system is examined on a regular basis, as required by State and Federal requirements. The City's adopted Water System Plan14, indicates that the water system meets the City's domestic drinking water requirements, although capacity analysis will remain an ongoing effort as the City continues to see additional development activities. Water supply needs are met through utilizing City wells, and an intertie with the City of Bremerton water supply. There is an emergency intertie with the City of Bremerton to the 260 pressure zone that can be activated in the event that additional fire flow is needed. The City has drilled additional wells and is pursuing water rights through the Foster Pilot Project15 for future demand. The analysis also determined that continued treatment of current and future well supplies will be required, primarily for disinfection and removal of naturally occurring compounds. Larger size pipelines will be needed both to replace existing and aging water mains, primarily in older sections of the City, and to improve the flow of water during projected fire events. Port Orchard purchases water from Bremerton through a 16-inch transmission main. A recent Interlocal Agreement (November 2019) includes selling assets like the 580 Zone tank to Bremerton. Bremerton will supply 750 gpm until Port Orchard meets specified conditions, allowing both systems to operate independently. Port Orchard, part of a pilot project under Section 301 of ESSB 6091, is demonstrating water resource mitigation sequencing per RCW 90.94.090. To update aging wells, the City has applied for water right changes and new water rights for Wells 12 and 13, targeting a deep sub -sea level aquifer to minimize impacts on local streams. The Foster Pilot Mitigation projects aim to mitigate water resource impacts within the City's service area. More information on this project can be found by following the link referenced below. Stormwater The City is required to comply with the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Phase II 13 https://storage.googleapis.com/proudcity/portorchardwa/uploads/2017/10/General-Sewer-Plan-Update- FINAL1.pdf 14 https://portorchardwa.gov/documents/2020-water-system-plan/ " https://ecology.wa.gov/water-shorelines/water-supply/water-rights/case-law/foster-decision Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-97 Municipal Permit, which is a federal Environmental Protection Agency permit program administered by the State Department of Ecology (Ecology). As part of compliance measures, the City is required to develop and administer a stormwater management program that reduces discharge of both point source and nonpoint source pollution carried by stormwater. One requirement of this program is the adoption of the minimum stormwater design standards outlined by the Washington State Department of Ecology's Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington (SWMMWW) and apply these standards to all new permit applications. The SWMMWW maintains the required use of Best Management Practices to reduce pollutant discharges and encourage low -impact development measures that minimize creation of impervious surfaces and disturbance of native vegetation and soils. Additionally, the SWMMWW provides guidance for development project review to ensure that water quality standards are maintained during construction and operation phases of development proposals, and that receiving waters are protected from adverse impacts of stormwater. In order to comply with the NPDES Phase II Municipal Permit requirements and implement stormwater quality goals, the City has developed and adopted the 2023 Stormwater Management Program Plan and the 2023 Port Orchard Stormwater and Watersheds Comprehensive Plan. In addition to NPDES Phase II Municipal Permit compliance, these policy documents address the City's goals for flooding and water quality concerns, infrastructure maintenance and management, resources needed to implement the goals of each Plan, and capital improvement list identifying major infrastructure upgrades and necessary funding. Historically, the Sinclair/Dyes Inlet water bodies have had reduced water quality, partially due to longstanding discharges of industrial, agricultural, and septic system discharges within the contributing watersheds. The City is required to monitor water quality for fecal coliform bacteria and respond to any illicit discharges, including accidental spills, illegal connections, and illegal dumping into the storm sewer system, with the long-term goal of complying with the NPDES and eliminating these discharges to prevent further degradation of these Puget Sound Inlets. 7.4 Relationship to Centers In accordance with VISION 2050 and the Countywide Planning Policies, several centers have been established within the City. Centers serve important roles as sub -regional hubs and secondary concentrations of development, with a dense mix of housing and services such as stores, medical offices, and libraries. Additional information regarding centers locations throughout the City, and specific goals and policies for those centers, are contained in Chapter 2: Land Use of this Comprehensive Plan. One purpose of centers is to enable the City to deliver services more cost -efficiently and equitably within a development pattern that is environmentally and economically sound. Through subarea planning, the City will designate desired development types, locations, and patterns within each Center. Provision of utilities and improvements to utility services within Centers should be a City priority. 7.5 Future Needs Sewer Future needs for the City's sewer collection system primarily arise from a need to address deficiencies that have been identified in the City's existing wastewater system, generally due to aging and insufficient capacity. If not corrected, these deficiencies will be exacerbated as the City continues to grow. In addition, future needs include the provision of the needed infrastructure to accommodate future growth. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-98 In the near -term future (0-6 years), the focus of the CIP for the sewer collection system is the replacement and/or retrofitting of key components for several pump stations. Long-term improvements (7-20 years) will be required for conveyance pipelines throughout the City, including the McCormick Woods Drive SW, Bay Street, and Port Orchard Boulevard gravity sewer lines. These issues are discussed in the City's Sewer Plan in greater detail. Table 7-1provides an overview of the near -term future improvements. Water The primary challenge for future water service in the City of Port Orchard is meeting the needs of future development while maintaining sufficient yield from its permitted ground water supply. Both short and long term needs of the City regarding water utility services are primarily oriented around the ability to withdraw, treat, and supply water to the increasing development pressures the City faces. The initial planning and analysis efforts have identified a series of projects that will be required to maintain and strengthen the performance of the City's water supply system. To improve the water supply system reliability, the City intends to develop additional well supply(ies) to provide sufficient capacity for the City to become self-sufficient, thus using the Bremerton intertie as a standby/emergency source of drinking water rather than a continuous source of water supply. New pipelines will also be installed to improve the system's capability to move water throughout the system. In addition, new storage reservoir(s)will be needed to optimize system performance and provide water to meet operational and firefighting capacity requirements. Providing an intertie between the City's existing upper water pressure zone (660pz/580pz) and the existing lower water pressure zone (390pz/260pz) will also enhance system redundancy, improving overall service and reliability. Beyond 2025, additional water rights may be required, however, the City will want to keep detailed water use records and monitor peaking rates. With reductions in water use due to conservation, type of development changes, or lifestyle changes, it is possible that the existing system could support future development without additional improvements. However, there are multiple projects programmed in the near -term future, as detailed in the Capital Facilities Element. Stormwater The City's CIP identifies five capital projects for stormwater that are intended to address localized flooding, stabilize stream bank erosion, protect habitat and water quality, resolve conveyance capacity issues, and protect public and private roads and other infrastructure from flood damage These planned improvements and priority rankings are accurate at the time of issuance of this Plan but may be revised as facility conditions and other situations change. Non -city utility providers will experience increased demand for services as the City grows and will need to plan for new or improved facilities. As new technologies for Internet, wireless telephone, and other telecommunications systems are implemented, these improvements will further the City's goal of economic growth and competitiveness. Through its land use regulation and permitting authority, the City should ensure that these utilities are broadly available to residents and businesses throughout the City, and that there are not excessive visual impacts within existing neighborhoods and local centers. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-99 7.6 Utilities Goals and Policies UT Goal 1. Ensure utilities are provided in a timely manner to meet the needs of Port Orchard's future population. Policy UT-1 Facilitate planning for utility improvements by providing utility purveyors with population and employment projections on a regular basis. Policy UT-2 Improvements and additions to utility facilities shall be planned and constructed so that utility services are sufficient to serve anticipated growth. Policy UT-3 Encourage the designation and development of utility corridors and facilities in a manner consistent with the needs and resources of the City. Policy UT-4 Coordinate provision of utilities with future development by designating appropriate sites for utility facilities and ensuring their availability and consider future annexations in developing coordinated strategies for supplying future utilities to the City. Policy UT-5 Coordinate provision of utility services with planned development by improving mechanisms to process development permits and approvals in a fair and timely manner. Policy UT-6 Consider impacts and timing of future phases of development when permitting large utility projects. Policy UT-7 Ensure that development regulations allow timely development of utility facility additions and improvements. Policy UT-8 Establish capacity and levels of service for City managed utilities. Policy UT-9 The City shall not allow for the extension of municipal utilities outside City limits, except extensions in specific circumstances that are necessary to protect public health and safety, the environment, and when they are financially supportable at rural densities that do not permit urban development. Policy UT-10 Prioritize the provision of utilities and improvements to existing utilities within designated centers importance. Ensure utility services are provided in an efficient, coordinated, and comprehensive manner. Policy UT-11 City decisions regarding utility corridors and facilities should consider regional utility needs as well as City interests. Policy UT-12 Enhance efficiency of planning for utilities by facilitating coordination between the City of Port Orchard, City of Bremerton, WSUD, WUTC, and utilities regulated by the WUTC during development of comprehensive utility plans. Policy UT-13 Coordinate collection, integration and maintenance of Geographic Information System (GIS) utility data among utility providers to ensure consistent and up-to-date information on facility locations and capacities. Policy UT-14 Enhance efficiency by coordinating the implementation of utility facility additions and improvements affecting multiple jurisdictions. Policy UT-15 Coordinate land use, transportation, and utility planning and development. Policy UT-16 Ensure that utility policies and regulations are consistent with, and complementary to, utility public service obligations. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-100 Policy UT-17 Ensure that utilities are provided consistent with applicable rules, regulations, and prudent utility practice. Policy UT-18 Ensure all chapters of the Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan (and implementing development regulations) are consistent with, and do not otherwise impair the fulfillment of, public service obligations imposed upon the utility provider by federal and state law. Policy UT-19 Utilize software and technology that facilitates effective and efficient utility data collection and analysis. Policy UT-20 Encourage reductions in the per capita rate of water consumption through conservation, efficiency, reclamation, and reuse. UT Goal 2. Maintain and enhance utility service quality. Policy UT-21 Encourage utility providers to protect and enhance the performance, reliability and stability of their utility systems. Policy UT-22 Encourage utilities to incorporate new and improved technologies to enhance the quality and cost effectiveness of their services consistent with the provider's public service obligations. Policy UT-23 When stormwater BMPs are deemed ineffective due to site -specific conditions, explore and apply appropriate site -specific BMPs. UT Goal 3. Minimize environmental and aesthetic impacts of utility facilities. Policy UT-24 Place utility facilities along public rights- of -way and encourage underground distribution lines in accordance with state rules and regulations. Policy UT-25 Encourage siting of large, above ground utilities (e.g.; antennas, towers) in industrial or commercial areas or along appropriate transportation and utility corridors. Policy UT-26 Minimize the visual impact of utility facilities on view corridors, vistas, and adjacent properties by developing design guidelines for cellular towers, antennas, and other types of utility facilities. Policy UT-27 For new development, retrofitting and major remodels, including upgrades to site utilities, the City shall require the undergrounding of future or existing utility lines including gas, cable television, electric distribution lines, and telephone as appropriate during the design review process and in accordance with local, regional, and state rules, regulations, and tariffs. Policy UT-28 As new development occurs and creates additional demand for public services, assess the potential to conserve/upgrade existing utility facilities before developing new facilities. UT Goal 4. Support and promote energy conservation. Policy UT-29 Encourage and support development of renewable energy projects and technologies. Policy UT-30 Establish and support renewable energy incentives for businesses and residents. Policy UT-31 Encourage programs to educate utility users on the benefits and means of conservation. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-101 UT Goal S. Support the extension of fiber optic cable in the City of Port Orchard. Policy UT-32 Recognize broadband's influence and importance to economic diversification in Port Orchard. Policy UT-33 Encourage installation of broadband infrastructure in all new residential subdivisions, economic development projects, and arterial improvements. Policy UT-34 Partner with broadband and fiber optic service providers within the City to ensure coordination efforts for enhanced access to high-speed internet for new development proposals. UT Goal 6. Enhance community resilience to natural hazards through effective siting, design, construction, and operation of public services and infrastructure. Policy UT-35 Identify challenges resulting from natural hazards such as earthquakes, landslides, wildfires, and sea level rise as they relate to the siting and design of new public services and infrastructure. Policy UT-36 Recognize historical disproportionate impacts to vulnerable populations, who tend to have greater exposure to natural hazards and the resulting impacts on public services. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 7-102 Chapter 8 Transportation 8.1 Transportation Element Context The Transportation Element identifies future system improvements derived from the analysis completed in the Land Use and Capital Facilities Elements of this Comprehensive Plan, as well as County and Regional plans and policies. In addition to roadway improvements, this element also identifies ways to provide more opportunities for pedestrians, bicyclists, transit riders, and all road users. The policy direction within this element provides new nonmotorized transportation system links between residential areas and nearby employment and shopping areas. The objective of these policies is to reduce automobile dependence within the City and to minimize the need to widen roads to accommodate increasing traffic volumes. This requires a change in priorities from moving as much traffic as quickly as possible, at the expense of other transportation modes and adjacent land uses, to provide choices, balance, and connections between driving, transit, walking, and bicycling. The purpose and vision of the Transportation Element is to provide a safe, dependable, properly maintained, as well as fiscally- and environmentally responsible multi -modal transportation system that is consistent with and supports the other elements of the Comprehensive Plan. The transportation system should respect community character, environment, and neighborhoods; improve mobility and safety; minimize impacts from regional facilities; and promote increased use of transit and nonmotorized travel. The transportation system needs to be both locally and regionally coordinated and connected, adequately financed, and community supported. The goals and policies identified in this element are based upon a technical analysis which utilizes a methodology consistent with regional planning efforts, including the draft 2024 Kitsap County Comprehensive Plan update and the 2018 Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) SR 16 Tacoma Narrows Bridge to SR 3 Congestion Study, as well as prior Port Orchard planning efforts including the 2018 Bethel Road and Sedgwick Road Corridor Plan and the 2021 Downtown Subarea Plan. This document also incorporates the data, analysis, and updates provided in the Port Orchard Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) and 2020 Transportation Impact Fee Rate Study (Ordinance 007-21). This element is also consistent with county and regional planning efforts, including the Kitsap Countywide Planning Policies, Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC) VISION 2050, and the planning requirements of the Growth Management Act (GMA). 8.2 Transportation Vision The transportation network of the City of Port Orchard is meant to serve the land use of the community and seek to achieve the most efficient means of transporting people and goods. The City's transportation network shall support the land use of the community. However, the transportation network should not be the sole justification to increase land use densities. Therefore, to make consistent and sound land use decisions, the City must evaluate traffic modifications attributed to each land use change. Transportation improvements are extremely expensive and time-consuming. Unlike other public works improvements, there is normally not an identifiable revenue gain that can be attributed to a road's completion. Road construction planning must accommodate the future needs of the community without the cost of excessively overbuilding the project. Constructing a road to accommodate the ultimate build -out of a neighborhood is normally not economically feasible. When a project is proposed, the City needs to evaluate the immediate traffic needs, the needs after project completion and the ultimate anticipated volume. Financial constraints may call for phasing the project to allow immediate relief and allowing for future improvements as land use demands increase. The City has and is experiencing significant growth placing additional demand on its street system, particularly its arterial corridors including Bethel Road, Tremont Street, Sedgwick Road, Sidney Road, and Old Clifton Road. Both motorized improvements at intersections and nonmotorized improvements such as bicycle facilities and sidewalks are necessary for an effective and equitable transportation system. Other investments are needed to preserve and upgrade infrastructure in older neighborhoods. Investments are needed to preserve and upgrade existing sidewalk networks to ensure accessibility and maximize connectivity. Ongoing road maintenance is needed annually to maintain service levels in older neighborhoods and ensure repair costs do not escalate over time. Our vision for Port Orchard is a community which offers an inviting, attractive, and pedestrian- friendly atmosphere that provides a full range of retail and recreational activities while ensuring coordinated City and County regional Land Use Plans which promote an efficient multimodal transportation system. 8.3 Transportation System Inventory 8.3.1 Existing Roadway Network State System Port Orchard lies along Sinclair Inlet across from Bremerton in the heart of the Kitsap Peninsula in Kitsap County, WA. The major north -south route within the County is SR 3 which passes through the community of Gorst, about a mile north of the City of Port Orchard. SR 16 connects with SR 3 at Gorst and passes through Port Orchard ending ultimately in Tacoma by way of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge. SR 16 is designated a Highway of Statewide Significance (HSS) that passes through the Port Orchard Planning Area. SR 16 is functionally classified as a freeway by WSDOT, and the highway is rated on the Washington State Freight and Goods Transportation System (FGTS) as a T-1 facility carrying an estimated 12,530,000 tons in 2021 from the Pierce/Kitsap County line to the Gorst area. SR 16 serves freight, commuter, neighborhood, business, and recreational travelers. Within the planning area, interchanges with SR 16 are located at Tremont Street SW, and at SW Sedgwick Road (SR 160). SR 16 is primarily a four -lane divided highway providing major regional access between Kitsap County and the transportation network of the Central Puget Sound area. SR 16 is a limited access full control highway within Kitsap County and links South Kitsap with Pierce County, eventually connecting to Interstate 5 in Tacoma. Near Gorst, after SR 166 (Bay Street) joins SR 16, SR 16 becomes six lanes for a distance of 1.15 miles. Where SR 16 joins SR 3 at Gorst, the number of lanes on SR 3 drops to four. SR 160 (Sedgwick Rd) is the primary route from SR 16 to the Southworth Ferry Terminal. SR 160 is the east/west ferry commuter route, connecting Port Orchard with the Southworth Ferry Terminal, SR 16, and eventually with SR 3. This highway has two lanes with minimum access spacing of 330 feet. SR 160 includes two signalized intersections at the SR 16 interchange. SR 166 (Bay Street) runs from SR 16 along the City of Port Orchard waterfront to the east city limits. The road was previously designated SR 160, but in 1992, SR 160 was moved to its present location on Sedgwick Road and SR 166 was formed. The route includes Bay Street from SR 16 to Bethel Avenue, Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-104 Bethel Avenue from Bay Street to SE Mile Hill Road, and SE Mile Hill Road from Bethel Avenue to the east city limits. SR 166 (Bay Street) is the City of Port Orchard's "Main Street" and is a primary arterial serving the main street community and the Downtown Port Orchard waterfront. Bethel Road is an arterial corridor that links SR 160 to SR 166 forming a business loop parallel to SR 16. The Bethel corridor provides access to much of the retail commercial services for Port Orchard and South Kitsap County and is vital to the local and regional economy. Bethel Road is designated SR 166 from Bay Street to Mile Hill Drive. Kitsap County Roads Kitsap County arterial roads serve as key elements in the transportation system surrounding Port Orchard. County roadways link together state routes or connect the state route system to Port Orchard, to other major centers, and to the ferry system. For example, Mile Hill Drive is a two lane east/west road located to the east of Port Orchard which connects the city to Southworth Drive and the Southworth Ferry Terminal to the east. The technical analysis described in this Transportation Element included major Kitsap County roadways in the vicinity of Port Orchard and utilized a methodology generally consistent with the draft 2024 Kitsap County Comprehensive Plan Update. City Street Network A City's functional classification system provides a planning guide for the development of a transportation network which will serve the needs of a community's growth for the future. Streets within a transportation network must be managed for specific roles in moving people and goods through the city and surrounding region. The functional classification system identifies the role of each street and provides a simplified vision of management needs for each type, including safety, adjacent land uses, multimodal travel demands, and other connecting transportation systems. Ultimately, the functional class of each street determines the typical roadway design, cross -sectional parameters, and design speed, while providing a basis for management practices to minimize conflicts between travel modes. The City of Port Orchard has defined its functional classification system to be consistent with the Federal Functional Classifications (FFC) provided by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and the arterial functional classifications defined in the Kitsap County Revised Road Standards. These arterial streets qualify for financial assistance under federal or state programs. Table 8-1 identifies the City's functional classes and includes a short description of each classification. The City's existing arterial network and associated functional classifications are shown in Figure 8-1. Table 8-1. Street Functional Classifications Functional Description Classification High capacity, high speed, regional connections. Freeway Maximum mobility with full access control. Principal Provide connectivity between different areas of a region. Arterial High mobility with partial access control. Minor Arterial Provide connectivity between different areas of a region. Moderate mobility w/partial access control. Collector Collect traffic from local streets and other collectors. Connect neighborhoods to each other and to arterials. Local Access Provide direct access to properties in residential, commercial, or industrial areas Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-105 zs-1. cuz4 aireez runctlonai Liassmcation Functional Classification Freeway Principal Arterial Minor Arterial Collector -I City Limit Outline Urban Growth Area _ J- 1 I I I , I I Transportation Solutions I N w•I SK"<iaFR 7 � RO SE 61ELMCI)_R R 0 0.5 1 9.5 2 mi Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-106 8.3.2 Transit Service Routed Buses Kitsap Transit operates seven routed buses within Port Orchard. All seven routes provide weekday service, while Routes 4, 5, 8, and 9 also provide Saturday service. Routes 81 and 86 provide scheduled service during weekday peak commute hours, and the Purdy Connector provides on -demand service during the weekday peak commute hours. Existing routed bus service is summarized in Table 8-2. Table 8-2. Fixed -Route Bus Service Route Route Name / Service Area Service Hours Headway Tremont: PO Ferry, Kitsap Courthouse, Givens Comm. Ctr, M-F 5:30AM-6:55PM; M-F 60 min.; 4 Harrison Medical Ctr, Work Release/Youth Services Ctr Sa 10:OOAM — 5:55 PM Sa 30 min. Sidney: PO Ferry, Kitsap Courthouse, Givens Comm. Ctr, M-F 5:10AM-7:25PM; 5 Cedar Heights Jr HS, Sedgwick Landing Sa 10:00 AM-5:25PM 60 min. Bethel: PO Ferry, Bethel Ave, Walmart, Fred Meyer, Mitchell M-F 5:OOAM-7:52PM; 8 Ave, South Kitsap High School Sa 10:OOAM-5:25PM 30 min. South Park: PO Ferry, Albertson's, Town Square, Walmart, M-F 6:50AM-8:15PM; 9 Jackson Ave, Center, Veterans Home on Bay Dr Sa 10:30AM-5:15PM 60 min. Annapolis Commuter: PO Ferry, Annapolis P&R, Towne M-F 5:15-7:15 AM; 81 Square, Armory P&R, Mitchell, Jackson, Lund, Madrona M-F 3:00-5:49PM 15 min. Southworth Shuttle: PO Ferry, Armory P&R, Mile Hill, M-F 4:35-10:25AM; 86 Manchester, South Colby, Southworth Ferry M-F 2:00-8:18PM 30 70 min. Purdy Connector: PO Ferry, Mullenix P&R, Purdy P&R M-F 6:00-9:OOAM; PC On -demand M-F 3:00-6:0013M Ferry Service Port Orchard is connected to the Seattle metropolitan area by the Washington State Ferry system. The Southworth Ferry Terminal is located to the east of Port Orchard and connected to the City via SR 160 and Kitsap County roads. The Bremerton Ferry Terminal is connected to Port Orchard by SR 304, SR 3, SR 16,and SR166. Kitsap Transit Fast Ferries operate passenger -only ferry service between Kitsap County and Seattle on weekdays year-round and on Saturdays from May through September. Kitsap Fast Ferries launched service on the Bremerton -Seattle route in 2017 and the Southworth-Seattle route in 2021. Kitsap Transit local foot ferries operate two passenger -only routes in Sinclair Inlet. The Bremerton -Port Orchard service runs daily, and the Bremerton -Annapolis service runs on weekdays only. Foot ferry service is timed to meet the Seattle/Bremerton Ferry. Other Transit Services Kitsap Transit operates several alternative transit services in the Port Orchard planning area: Worker/Driver buses are driven by employees at Naval Base Kitsap (NBK)-Bremerton and NBK-Bangor. The buses operate like a large vanpool where the driver boards the bus near home in the morning and picks up coworkers on the way to work. Kitsap Transit has 32 Worker/Driver routes, including several in the Port Orchard Planning Area. ACCESS is a demand -response paratransit service under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). ACCESS provides door-to-door transportation for eligible riders who are unable to use the fixed -route bus system. The service is available in Port Orchard and the surrounding area. VanLink is a shared -cost ACCESS -alternative program which provides local social service agencies with Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-107 vans to transport their clients. The program gives agencies the ability to schedule client outings, work programs, daycare, and training as their schedule demands. The vanpool program allows groups of three to 14 commuters to share a ride to and from work using a Kitsap Transit van. Kitsap Transit also registers carpools, which allow commuters to share a ride in a privately -owned carpool vehicle. The carpool program allows vehicles access to reserved parking spaces, including free spaces at the Annapolis Ferry Dock. SCOOT is a car -sharing program for commuters who work in targeted areas in Kitsap County, including the Kitsap County Courthouse and downtown Bremerton. Park and Ride Lots Port Orchard currently has three park -and -ride facilities, which are summarized in Table 8-3. Each lot provides service to at least two bus routes in addition to the Kitsap Transit Worker/Driver bus program. Additional parking is available in Downtown Port Orchard. Three park -and -ride lots in Kitsap County outside city limits provide additional parking capacity and access to transit and ferry service, thereby influencing transportation in Port Orchard. Existing park -and -ride facilities in and near Port Orchard are summarized in Table 8-3. In addition to the existing facilities, the planned Ruby Creek Park -and -Ride on Sidney Road to the north of Sedgwick Road will provide 250 parking spaces and access to expanded transit service. Table 8-3. Park -and -Ride Lots Name Location Parking Spaces Routes Served Within City of Port Orchard Annapolis Ferry Terminal 1076 Beach Dr E 81 #9, #81, Worker/Driver First Lutheran Church 2483 Mitchell Rd SE 40 #8, #81, Worker/Driver Port Orchard Armory 1950 Mile Hill Dr 105 #9, #81, #86, Worker/Driver Outside City of Port Orchard Burley Bible Church 14687 Olympic Dr SE 20 Worker/Driver Harper Church Sedgwick Road & Wilson Creek Road 462 #85, #86, #184, Worker/Driver Mullenix and Highway 16 SR 16 & Mullenix Rd 92 #85, Worker/Driver Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-108 Long -Range Transit Planning The Kitsap Transit Long -Range Transit Plan 2022-204216 (LRTP) defines the long-range vision for public transit service in the Port Orchard planning area. It identifies several major projects which will improve transit access and service in Port Orchard: • Three new local fixed routes: o Port Orchard — McCormick Woods o Southworth — Port Orchard o Southworth — Sidney Road Park & Ride • New Bremerton -Tacoma Express Route, including a stop at Sidney Road Park & Ride • New High -Capacity Transit Route from Port Orchard Ferry Transit Center to Bethel Rd and SR 160 • McCormick Woods On -Demand Transit Zone • New SR 16 Transit Center near Sedgwick Road interchange • Expanded Port Orchard Transit Center in downtown Port Orchard • McCormick Woods Multimodal Hub • Tremont Street Park & Ride • Upgraded weekday headway on Kitsap Transit Routes 4, 5, and 9 8.3.3 Airport and Aviation Services Port Orchard is served by two airports. One is a privately -owned general aviation facility about five miles southwest of the City called the Port Orchard Airport (4WA9). The second is the Bremerton National Airport (KPWT), owned and operated by the Port of Bremerton. The Port Orchard Airport is a small privately -owned airport which serves small private aircraft via one operational runway (18/36). No services are provided. Bremerton National Airport (KPWT) is a general aviation facility serving the communities on the Kitsap and Olympic Peninsulas. As of 2022, there were 104 aircraft based at the Bremerton National Airport, ranging from gliders to multi -engine planes. One fixed base operator provides various but limited training, fuel and convenience services. Total annual operations for 2022 were 66,000, or an average of 181 per day. KPWT serves beginning amateurs as well as professional pilots and flights. The Bremerton National Airport Master Plan forecasts 276 KPWT-based aircraft by 2032, an increase of 165 percent from 2022. Total annual operations are also expected to increase, from 66,000 to 90,000. This forecast assumes that the airport will continue its role as the only FAA -funded airport in Kitsap County and support most of the FAA -registered aircraft in the county. The airfield consists of one operational runway (02/20) that is oriented north-northeast/south- southwest. Runway 2/20 is 6,000 feet long and 150 feet wide. KPWT has extensive lighting and instrumentation and a taxiway system that provides access to all areas of the airfield. KPWT's former crosswind runway (16/34) is closed to aircraft and currently serves as the Bremerton Motorsports Park facility. 16 https://bit.ly/3WDNSZG Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-109 Figure 8-2. Existing Public Transit Facilities Transit Routes 1 Route 4 ° Route S Route 8 T Route 9 1t Route 81 � r m 1 Route 86° ■ Purdy Connection 166 U $ 9 m ! Y 16 -- Port Orchard Foot Ferry -- Annapolis Foot Ferry OTransit Center 1 1 cyo OT Planned Transit Center VE a Park & Ride g Limit 1 City Outline 4 o i � Urban Growth Area SW BERRY LAKE RD L SE 34LMDNB Rn C�IFTCN G IOLD RD SP10+A 1 _ i / 1) I 9W 1 r�����11■■ Transportation Solutions _ 0 0.5 1 S. 4.5 2 mi Until 2004, KPWT was a Part 139 Certified Airport authorized to serve US Department of Transportation - certified commercial air carriers with more than 30 passengers. The airport could seek to renew this certification in the future if demand requires. For planning purposes, the future operations are forecast to continue to be dominated by business -oriented flights, private planes, flight training or other forms of noncommercial activity using single- and multi -engine piston aircraft. The Bremerton National Airport Master Plan17 recommends an expanded taxiway system to accommodate new aviation -related development. It also identifies locations for future hangar expansion and other aviation -related development, including the redevelopment of the former crosswind runway (16/34). 17 https://bit.lyhttps://bit.l�/3R31fJB Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-110 8.3.4 Freight and Rail Services Freight and goods are transported within the Port Orchard area on SR 16, SR 166, SR 160, as well as on City and County roads. The BNSF Railway provides rail service to Kitsap County. Freight use is restricted to the U.S. Military by agreement. The U.S. Navy owns the rails from Shelton to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard and on to Bangor. The railroad is maintained as Federal Railway Administration Class 3 on a scale of 1 (low) to 6 (high). Burlington Northern Railroad provides one train per day service. At its closest point, the railroad right of way passes through the community of Gorst, about one mile northwest of Port Orchard. In Washington State, the highway and roadway system is rated according to the amount of freight and goods that are carried by truck on the system. The Washington State Freight and Goods Transportation System (FGTS) is a ranking of roads in Washington State by annual gross freight tonnage carried. The FGTS classification system is as follows: • T-1: Over 10 million tons per year • T-2: Between 4 and 10 million tons per year • T-3: Between 300,000 and 4 million tons per year • T-4: Between 100,000 and 300,000 tons per year • T-5: At least 20,000 tons carried in a 60-day period and less than 100,000 tons per year The FGTS system is affected by changes in the economy, international trade, and the transportation industry such as changes in truck travel patterns, cargoes, and tonnages. Revisions to the FGTS routes and tonnage classifications are developed by the agency having jurisdiction over the roadway segment. The following freight routes are designated within the Port Orchard planning area: a. SR 16 (Pierce/Kitsap Co. line to Gorst) is designated a T-1 facility carrying 12,530,000 tons annually in 2021; SR 160 (Sedgwick Road between SR 16 and Bethel Road) is designated a T-3 facility, carrying an estimated annual 2,470,000 tons in 2021; SR 166 is designated a T-3 facility, carrying an estimated annual 1,640,000 tons in 2021. d. Designated T-3 routes include: 1. Bethel Road from South City Limits to North City Limits 2. Glenwood Road from South City Limits to SW Sedgwick Road 3. SE Lund Avenue from Sidney Avenue to East City Limits 4. Mitchell Road SE from Bethel Road to East City Limits 5. Old Clifton Rd from SR 16 to West City Limits 6. SW Sedgwick Road from Glenwood Road to SR 16 7. Sidney Avenue from Tremont Street to SR 166 8. Sidney Road from SW Berry Lake Road to South City Limits 9. Tremont Street from SR 16 to Sidney Avenue e. One designated T-4 route is Port Orchard Boulevard from Tremont Street to SR 166. 8.3.5 Nonmotorized Transportation Facilities Nonmotorized transportation systems include facilities that provide for safe pedestrian and bicycle travel. These include sidewalks, crosswalks, off street trails, bike routes, and bicycle facilities. In rural areas, nonmotorized facilities can also include roadway shoulders when they are of adequate width. Some portions of nonmotorized routes can be used for commuting purposes to reduce potential vehicular traffic volumes. If properly located, designed and maintained, nonmotorized trails can Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-111 accommodate a meaningful portion of local resident travel between residential areas and shopping centers, schools, and places of employment. Nonmotorized facilities can also provide access to public transit and in this way can help decrease the reliance on single occupant vehicle (SOV) travel. When properly planned and constructed, nonmotorized facilities are shown to increase the desirability of a city as a place to live and work. Safe walking and bicycling environments within Port Orchard are a major concern of citizens, whether they are avid or casual recreational walkers or cyclists or bicycle commuters. In many cases, pedestrians and cyclists must share narrow high -volume streets with motor vehicles of all sizes. They cross busy intersections with multiple conflict points. The City can take measurable steps with this Transportation Element toward the goal of creating a safer walking and biking environment. This plan proposes a strategy for implementing a priority system for physical improvements through private ventures, capital projects, grants, and competitive funding sources. The facilities map in Figure 8-3 illustrates the extent of the nonmotorized transportation system and the type of facility that each segment supports. It also shows existing community centers, parks, and schools. The adoption of this plan does not preclude the implementation of pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure on other streets. The plan acknowledges fiscal constraints and challenges associated with building new sidewalks, bicycle infrastructure, and other improvements on every street in Port Orchard. Routes designated here should be prioritized due to their potential to fulfill the needs of the community and the citywide connections they will provide. Existing Pedestrian Facilities There is an assortment of pedestrian facilities located throughout Port Orchard and its UGA. Pedestrian facilities include sidewalks, trails, and designated crosswalks. Most sidewalks are located along commercial corridors and in some neighborhoods. Sidewalks and designated crosswalks are also provided in some residential subdivisions. The initial construction of these pedestrian facilities is typically the responsibility of the developer and are provided as part of plat development, while the ongoing maintenance is the responsibility of the adjacent property owner as outlined in Port Orchard Municipal Code 12.12. Sidewalks are generally promoted throughout the commercial areas such as the Bethel Corridor, creating a grid -system for pedestrians, although many of the streets outside the commercial area have paved or gravel shoulders rather than sidewalks. The nonmotorized network has missing links around some elementary and secondary schools. Many of the schools are in residential neighborhoods. Continuous sidewalks would improve the safety and utility of the pedestrian environment for elementary and secondary school children to walk to and from school. In the past, many of the roads in Port Orchard were constructed to a rural standard with no curb or sidewalk improvements or provisions for safe pedestrian travel. Recent roadway reconstruction projects have provided storm drainage, curbs, and sidewalk improvements, particularly along major streets providing access to schools, parks, and the downtown business district. Sidewalks have also been constructed on many local streets in concert with new development within the city. Curb ramps to allow barrier -free access to sidewalks at street crossings have also been installed at many locations. The City's 2017 ADA Transition Plan included an inventory of existing mobility barriers on sidewalks, curb ramps, and driveway pads. Between 2016 and 2021, ADA deficiency removals and upgrades included 4.8 miles of new ADA sidewalks, 39 curb ramp upgrades, 26 driveway apron upgrades, and 2 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-112 pedestrian signal upgrades. As of 2021, the City's remaining ADA barriers include 556 deficient curb ramps and 130 deficient driveway aprons. The City will continue to mitigate these ADA deficiencies in the public right-of-way, per the adopted Transition Plan, through regular maintenance and preservation programs, through oversight/permitting of developer improvements, and through the capital improvement projects identified later in this Transportation Element. Removal of ADA barriers will increase accessibility for youth, older adults, disabled persons, and other people with special transportation needs. Existing Trails Nonmotorized transportation systems include separated or off -road recreational trails. A portion of these trail corridors can also satisfy local access needs between residential areas and parks, schools, commercial and employment areas depending on the trail locations. There are currently two public separated trails in the City: the Bay Street Pedestrian Pathway and the McCormick Multimodal Path. The Bay Street Pedestrian Path is a 0.9-mile-long paved trail which runs along the Sinclair Inlet waterfront from the Port Orchard Boat Launch Ramp to Bay Street approximately 500 feet northeast of Mitchell Avenue. From the Port Orchard Marina to its east terminus, the pathway consists of a 10-foot- wide paved section with centerline striping. The McCormick Multimodal Path is a 1.85-mile-long, eight -foot -wide paved trail which connects McCormick Woods with McCormick Village. It begins at Gleneagle Avenue SW west of McCormick Woods Drive and runs parallel to Gleneagle Avenue SW, Telford Way SW, and McCormick Village Drive. The Kitsap Peninsula Water Trail includes launches and amenities at the Port Orchard Marina, Water Street Boat Launch, and Port of Bremerton Marina Park. Port Orchard is also part of the Cascadia Marine Trail, which is a National Recreation Trail and one of only 16 National Millennium Trails designated by the White House. Existing Bicycle Facilities The Port Orchard street network currently includes marked bicycle facilities on the following routes: • Tremont Street: Bike lanes on both sides from SR 16 interchange to Port Orchard Blvd. • Lippert Drive: Bike lanes on both sides from Sidney Avenue to Pottery Avenue. • Sidney Avenue: A 600-foot-long bike lane along the east side of Sidney Road at the Haven Apartments frontage, approximately 1,500 feet north of Sedgwick Road. • Melcher Street: Shared Lane Markings ("sharrows") from Heron Ridge Ave to Sherman Ave. • SW Yarrow Street: Sharrows from McCormick Village Drive to Feigley Road SW. The 2018 Kitsap County Non -Motorized Facilities Plan (KCNMFP) identifies three bike routes within the Port Orchard planning area. The County -designated routes do not cross into the city limits, but the bicycle facilities they carry are incorporated to the nonmotorized system vision described in this Element. The designated Kitsap County bike routes include: • Route 25 — Begins on Sedgwick Rd just west of Sidney at the city limit. The route runs southwest along Glenwood and turns at Lake Flora, continuing along Glenwood Road to the south of the planning area. • Route 30 — Begins on Mile Hill Dr at the east city limit and continues to the east along Mile Hill Dr/Southworth Dr to the Southworth Ferry Terminal. • Route 37 — From Bethel Rd south of Sedgwick Rd extending south to the county line. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-113 8.4 Nonmotorized System Vision 8.4.1 Planned Nonmotorized Routes This section describes the City's vision for a nonmotorized transportation network to improve bicycle and pedestrian access throughout the City while also completing regional connections identified in the Kitsap County Non -Motorized Facilities Plan (KCNMFP). Planned nonmotorized routes are described below and shown graphically in Figure 8-3. Figure 8-3. Existing and Planned Arterial and Collector Nonmotorized Facilities Map Nonmotorized Facilities µ Existing Shared -Use Path Existing Sidewalks & Bike Lanes m `n Existing Sidewalks (both sides) T / m _— - Existing Sidewalk (one side) Existing Paved Shoulder J --- Planned Shared -Use Path or � -- Planned Sidewalks & Bike Lanes School �o • • 1 W • • 1 t � 1 Park _ - 16 All CommunityCenter � 1 w � ■ 1 O Transit Center 1 r • sF i r O Park & Ride r • City Limit Outline N • If ' w ~ aLLUNDAVE SEV 1 S Urban Growth Area p ; �. • 1 —� z o o`Y�I .i,, • 01 1 01 ff� I SW BERRYL4HE RO 1 L �-----� 1 • 1 L _�_ �-o-2,LRy r 1 1 ' I 1 ' I 1 : � SE BELMEIER R Transportation Solutions 0 0.5 1 .5 2 ml The following sections summarize existing and planned shared right-of-way and separate right-of-way nonmotorized facilities in and near Port Orchard. Shared right-of-way nonmotorized facilities run parallel to roadways within the public right-of-way. They may include sidewalks, bike facilities, and shared -use paths or trails. Off -right-of-way facilities generally exist outside public street right-of-way but may cross public streets. These facilities include shared -use paths and other nonmotorized transportation infrastructure such as pedestrian/bicycle freeway overpasses. In this element, bike facilities are defined as an element of transportation infrastructure that is designed Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-114 to convey bicycle travelers. This may include bike lanes, cycle tracks, shared lanes, and shared multi -use paths. The selection of bike facilities for a given route may be influenced by contextual factors such as roadway volume, traffic speeds, sight distance, right-of-way width, and the character of the surrounding built environment. More information about bicycle facilities and their applications may be found in the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban Bikeway Design Guide. 8.4.2 Arterial and Collector Shared Right -of -Way Facilities Bethel Road (Bay Street to Sedgwick Road) This 2.62-mile route will be the core north -south connection through Port Orchard and its busiest commercial centers. Anyone traveling east or west across the city crosses Bethel Road because it stretches from the northern waterfront to the southern city limits. Bethel Road carries 11,500 to 16,900 Average Weekly Daily Traffic (AWDT). The street has been programmed for improvements, described conceptually in the Bethel Road and Sedgwick Road Corridor Study, which will include bike lanes and sidewalks. The reconstruction of Bethel Road will provide an opportunity to ensure nonmotorized facilities better meet the spirit of this plan. The route is a designated nonmotorized route in the KCNMFP. Feigley Road (Old Clifton Road to Lone Bear Lane) This 0.35-mile trail is a paved pathway on the east side of Feigley Road. Improvements may be needed to bring this trail into compliance with City design standards and to accommodate nonmotorized traffic generated by future development along Feigley Road. Glenwood/Sedgwick Road (McCormick Woods Drive to Long Lake Road) This 4.0-mile route will connect the commercial centers of Ruby Creek and Sedgwick-Bethel, SR 16, and residential neighborhoods in the southeastern part of the Urban Growth Area. It is partially outside of city limits and is mostly designated as a state highway, requiring collaboration with Kitsap County and the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). It is a designated nonmotorized route in the KCNMFP. McCormick Woods Drive (Old Clifton Road to Glenwood Road) This 4.0-mile segment consists of a wide road shoulder throughout the McCormick Woods neighborhood. It is already a popular route for bicycling and walking. However, it does not currently meet City nonmotorized design standards. Further study is necessary to identify roadway design, engineering, and enforcement measures which may be required to reduce vehicle speeds and to improve nonmotorized safety and access. McCormick Village Drive/Telford Way (North City Limits to McCormick Woods Dr) A 1.6-mile route has partially been constructed along McCormick Village Drive. This trail will be extended pursuant to a development agreement as additional phases of McCormick West (McCormick Trails) is constructed. The trail is expected to reach about 1.6 miles in length upon completion and will create a loop where it intersects with the Telford Way SW trail. Mile Hill Drive (Bethel Road to Whittier Ave) This 1.4-mile route will connect the Mile Hill center with residential neighborhoods to the east. It will provide a route to school for students at Orchard Heights Elementary School and Marcus Whitman Junior High School. Mile Hill Drive has 13,400 to 15,200 AWDT. It is partially a state highway, which will require collaboration with Kitsap County and WSDOT. The route is a designated nonmotorized route in the KCNMFP. WSDOT has programmed several improvement projects which will provide nonmotorized improvements along the corridor, including a new roundabout at Wolves Road and new culvert adjacent to Veterans Park. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-115 Mitchell Avenue (Bethel Avenue to Bay Street) This 1.16-mile route will connect the central portion of Port Orchard and neighborhoods outside of the city to the high school. It partially passes through unincorporated territory within the Urban Growth Area, which will require collaboration with Kitsap County for completion. Roundabout improvements at Bethel/Lundberg/Mitchell and Lincoln/Mitchell will see the Mitchell Y intersection eliminated except for non -motorized connectivity. Old Clifton Road (Feigley Road to SR 16) This trail will connect the McCormick Village local center with the site of a future high school, enabling students to safely walk and bike to class. The trail will also extend along Old Clifton Road to connect with the Old Clifton Industrial Park, a local center. Special consideration will be needed for how the trail merges with bike lanes and sidewalks on Tremont Street. Locating the trail on the north and west sides of Old Clifton Road may minimize conflicts with driveways and intersections. Old Clifton Road serves up to approximately 7,500 AWDT. Typical right-of-way width is 60 feet. A portion of the trail passes through unincorporated Kitsap County and an area not within the Port Orchard Urban Growth Area. Port Orchard will need to collaborate with Kitsap County to complete this trail segment. It is identified as a nonmotorized route in the KCNMFP. Port Orchard Boulevard (Tremont Street to Bay Street) This 1.06-mile arterial segment currently serves approximately 2,500 AWDT. It will provide a connection between the Tremont Medical Center and Downtown Port Orchard via Port Orchard, a relatively low - volume roadway bound by greenbelt. The Bay Street Pedestrian Pathway West Situation Study identifies plans for complete street improvements along Port Orchard Boulevard. Pottery Avenue/Sidney Road SW (Tremont Street to South City Limits) This 1.91-mile route will connect the Tremont Medical Center with the Ruby Creek Center and provide a safe route to school directly adjacent to Cedar Heights Junior High School and Sidney Glen Elementary School. The 2024-2029 Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) includes a complete streets improvement project for the Pottery Avenue portion of this corridor. A small portion of the route is outside of city limits and within the Urban Growth Area, requiring collaboration with Kitsap County or ROW acquisition for completion. The route carries between 4,500 AWDT (south of Tremont St) and 9,000 AWDT (north of Sedgwick Rd) and is a nonmotorized route in the KCNMFP. Salmonberry Road West (Ramsey Rd to city limit) This route will be an east -west connection through residential neighborhoods, connecting the Bethel commercial corridor with Jackson Avenue. Salmonberry Road serves 2,300 AWDT. About half of this route is outside of City limits but still within the Port Orchard Urban Growth Area, which will require collaboration with Kitsap County for completion. The City is designing improvements for a portion of Salmonberry Road West as part of the Bethel Phase 1 project. Sidney Avenue (Tremont Street to Fireweed Street) This 0.97-mile route will primarily connect residential areas and multi -family developments to Paul Powers Jr. Park, Van Zee Park, Cedar Heights Junior High School (via Lippert), and to the nonmotorized facilities on Tremont Street. Sidney Avenue serves 5,000 AWDT. This project requires the construction of a regional stormwater facility at the end of Sherman Ave to facilitate the build -out of the nonmotorized improvements within this corridor. Property was acquired for a regional stormwater facility and park in 2022. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-116 St. Andrews Drive (McCormick Woods Dr to McCormick Woods Dr) When completed, this 1.6-mile segment will provide a nonmotorized loop within the McCormick Woods community. The north 1.0-mile portion of St. Andrews Drive currently begins at McCormick Woods Drive and terminates just north of Hawkstone Avenue. A future 0.6-mile section will extend to the southeast, connecting to McCormick Woods Drive at SW Dunraven Place. Funding commitments for the completion of this facility are provided in a development agreement with McCormick Woods. Nonmotorized treatments will include a 12-foot paved shoulder, consistent with the development agreement. Tremont Street/Lund Avenue (SR 16 to Jackson Avenue) This 2.63-mile route will be the main east -west connection across Port Orchard. It passes through two local centers and connects Van Zee Park and South Kitsap Regional Park. It also intersects with a planned connection at Port Orchard Boulevard. It has the most traffic of any street in Port Orchard: Between SR 16 and Bethel Road, Tremont serves approximately 23,000 vehicles AWDT; east of Bethel, Lund Avenue serves 16,000 AWDT. A 0.65-mile portion of this route from SR 16 to Port Orchard Boulevard was constructed as part of the Tremont Street improvement project. The next phase will extend the route from Port Orchard Boulevard to Sidney Avenue. The eastern end of the route is outside of city limits but within the Urban Growth Area, requiring collaboration with Kitsap County. The Kitsap County Transportation Improvement Program identifies four improvement projects on this corridor by 2028, including sidewalks and bike facilities from the Port Orchard city limit to Jackson Avenue and three new roundabouts. This route is identified as a nonmotorized route in the KCNMFP. 8.4.3 Residential Shared Right -of -Way Facilities Hawkstone Avenue (McCormick Woods Dr to St Andrews Dr) This 0.85-mile segment currently extends from McCormick Woods Dr to Tobermory Circle SW, terminating just southwest of St. Andrews Drive. In the future, Hawkstone Ave will connect with St. Andrews Drive to provide a connection to the St. Andrews Dr nonmotorized loop. The street currently provides a paved shoulder on one side. Ultimate nonmotorized treatments may include sharrows to designate shared -use travel lanes in both directions. Retsil Road (Mile Hill Drive to Bay Street) This 1.1-mile route will provide safe access through the City's most northeastern residential areas and connect directly to Veterans Park, the waterfront, and the Annapolis foot ferry dock. Retsil Road has 4,000 AWDT, which is relatively high for a residential street. Part of the route passes through an unincorporated area within the Urban Growth Area, which will require collaboration with Kitsap County. Ramsey Road (Sedgwick Road to Salmonberry Road) This 0.5-mile local street section provides an alternative north -south route to the Bethel Road corridor to the east. The construction of a complete street section with bike facilities and sidewalks will provide safe nonmotorized access to properties along Ramsey Road as well as a low -volume connection between Sedgwick Road and Salmonberry Road. Pottery Avenue (Tremont Place to Melcher Street) This 0.22-mile local street section provides access to residential development to the north of the Tremont Street corridor and west of Port Orchard Boulevard. Construction of a complete street section with bike facilities and sidewalks will provide a safe nonmotorized connection between existing neighborhoods and Tremont Street. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-117 Melcher Street (Tremont Place to Melcher Street) This 0.4-mile east -west local street provides a connection between Tremont Street (via Pottery Avenue to the west) and Port Orchard Boulevard (via Sherman Avenue to the east). It provides direct access to single-family development as well as several residential streets. Construction of a complete street section with bike facilities and sidewalks will provide a safe nonmotorized connection. Fireweed Road (Sidney Avenue to South Flower Avenue) This 0.25-mile local street provides a connection between Sidney Avenue and S Flower Avenue, providing access to single-family development in the area. Construction of a complete street section with bike facilities and sidewalks will provide a safe nonmotorized connection for local residents. Sherman Avenue (Fireweed Road to Terminus at SR 16) This 0.35-mile local street provides direct access to residential development to the south of Fireweed Road. It terminates in a dead-end north of SR 16. Construction of a complete street section with bike facilities and sidewalks will provide a safe nonmotorized connection for local residents. Blueberry Road (Geiger Road to Bethel Road) This 0.4-mile local street provides a connection between Geiger Road and Bethel Road to the north of Sedgwick Road (SR 160). It also connects to Ramsey Road, a north -south corridor which parallels Bethel Road to the west. Construction of a complete street section with bike facilities and sidewalks will provide a safe nonmotorized connection to the Bethel Road and Sedgwick Road (via Geiger Rd). Geiger Road (Sedgwick Road to Blueberry Road) This 0.25-mile local street provides a connection from Blueberry Road to Sedgwick Road. Construction of a complete street section with bike facilities and sidewalks on this section, in conjunction with similar improvements to Blueberry Road and Ramsey Road, will provide a safe nonmotorized alternative to Bethel Road from Sedgwick Road to Salmonberry Road. Sidney Avenue (Prospect Street to waterfront) This 500-foot street section provides access to properties in the downtown subarea and a connection to the Port Orchard waterfront. Existing sidewalks are substandard. Construction of full ADA-accessible sidewalk improvements on both sides will provide a safe and accessible connection to the waterfront for users of all abilities. Harrison Avenue (Bay Street to waterfront) This 350-foot street provides access to properties in the downtown subarea and a connection to the Port Orchard waterfront. The street currently includes a discontinuous non-ADA accessible sidewalk on the west side and no sidewalk on the east side. Construction of full ADA-accessible sidewalk improvements on both sides will provide a safe and accessible connection to the waterfront for users of all abilities. Fredrick Avenue (Bay St to waterfront) This 350-foot street provides access to properties in the downtown subarea and a connection to the Port Orchard waterfront. The street currently includes non-ADA accessible sidewalks on both sides. Construction of full ADA-accessible sidewalk improvements on both sides will provide a safe and accessible connection to the waterfront for users of all abilities. 8.4.4 Off -Right -of -Way Facilities Bay Street Pedestrian Path (Port Orchard Blvd to Annapolis Foot Ferry Dock) This path is envisioned as an off-street connection between Port Orchard's two Foot Ferry docks, one downtown and the other in the Annapolis neighborhood. Part of the path is complete and newly built as Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-118 a modern shared -use path, with completion planned over the next several years (as of 2024). It will run through the downtown area and connect two waterfront parks and a public boat ramp. It will also connect to a future nonmotorized facility along Port Orchard Boulevard, providing a connection to the Tremont Street/Lund Avenue corridor to the south. The vision for this facility is summarized in the Bay Street Pedestrian Pathway West Situational Study. This pathway is identified by Kitsap County as part of the Mosquito Fleet Trail, which will ultimately include approximately 100 miles of pedestrian and bicycle trails that will link open spaces throughout Kitsap County in an interconnected system. The Mosquito Fleet Trail Master Plan, completed in 2001, identifies the primary corridor through Port Orchard following SW Bay Street and Beach Drive. The existing boardwalk on the downtown waterfront and the sidewalk on the back of shoreline buildings are not consistent with the vision of this nonmotorized plan and of the Mosquito Fleet Trail. Completion of this path will require collaboration with Kitsap County, the Port of Bremerton, and waterfront property owners. Blackjack Creek Trail An off-street multi -use pathway that generally runs parallel to Blackjack Creek providing connectivity between the Bethel/Lund and Sedgwick/Bethel Subareas. This trail, located east of Blackjack Creek, is approximately two miles in length and could be connected to several neighborhoods located between Bethel Road and Blackjack Creek. Opportunities for future connections to the west side of Blackjack Creek should be explored. SW Pendleton Way A 0.5-mile route has partially been constructed in Stetson Heights. This trail may be extended to McCormick East as part of a future development and could be connected to the trails in the McCormick Woods area. Ruby Creek Pathway A shared -use pathway along Ruby Creek from the Stetson Heights development to Sedgwick Road. Sidney -SR 16 Crossing (Sidney Road to Sidney Avenue) Creating a trail across SR 16 in this area could create a new connection between neighborhoods and promote better access to the nearby schools and Paul Powers Jr. Park. If a bridge or tunnel is cost - prohibitive, another option may be to extend SW Moorea Lane to Sidney Road via a series of switchbacks. Crossing SR 16 would require WSDOT approval, followed with an airspace trail lease agreement with WSDOT for ongoing maintenance and preservation of the trail facility. Telford Way SW A 0.85-mile trail has been partially constructed in McCormick West (McCormick Trails). This trail will be extended pursuant to a development agreement as additional phases of McCormick West (McCormick Trails) is constructed. The trail is expected to reach about 0.85 miles in length upon completion and will create a loop where it intersects with McCormick Village Drive at either end. 8.4.5 Nonmotorized Improvement Projects Necessary to Achieve System Vision The following projects that include pedestrian or bicycle facility improvements are necessary to achieve the nonmotorized transportation network described above. Cost estimates were obtained from the City of Port Orchard Transportation Improvement Program and adjusted for inflation using the National Highway Construction Cost Index. Cost estimates are not included for off -right-of-way facilities where conceptual alignments have not been identified at the time of this writing. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-119 Table 8-4. Nonmotorized Improvement Projects Necessary to Achieve System Vision Project Limits Description Length Cost Estimate (in $$$s)* Collector and Arterial Shared Right -of -Way Facilities Bethel Rd/Sedgwick Bethel Rd (Sedgwick Provide widening and nonmotorized Rd (Multi -phase Rd to Mile Hill Dr); improvements along Bethel Road and 2.1; project) Sedgwick Rd (SR 16 to Sedgwick Road, consistent with 2018 0.7 97,808 Bethel Rd) corridor plan. Feigley Rd Old Clifton Rd to Lone Improve trail to satisfy City design 0.35 337 Bar Ln standards and ADA guidance. Sedgwick Rd West Glenwood Rd to SR 16 Complete streets improvements 1.4 8,285 consistent with 2018 corridor plan. McCormick Woods Old Clifton Rd to Analyze and implement nonmotorized Dr Glenwood Rd safety and accessibility improvements. 4.0 337 McCormick Village McCormick Woods Dr Complete paved shared -use path Dev. Dr to north city limit (developer -funded improvement). 2'6 funded Mile Hill Dr Bethel Rd to Whittier Curb, gutter, sidewalks, and bike 1.4 3,534 Ave facilities. Mitchell Ave Bethel Ave to Bay St Curb, gutter, sidewalks, and bike 1.2 3,029 facilities. Old Clifton Rd Feigley Rd to SR 16 New shared -use path connecting McCormick Village with Old Clifton 2.7 4,543 Industrial Park and SR 16. Port Orchard Blvd Tremont St to Bay St Road diet18 with downhill bikeable shoulder and shared -use pathway. 1.1 14,395 Pottery Ave SR 16 to Lippert Dr Address sidewalk gaps and construct nonmotorized improvements, including bikeable shoulders and 0.45 7,067 safety improvements at Pottery/Lippert intersection. Salmonberry Rd Ramsey Rd to east Widen to two travel lanes with curb, West city limits gutter, sidewalks, and bicycle facilities. 0.4 1,010 Sidney Ave Tremont St to Widen Sidney Ave to include terminus sidewalks, bike lanes, and storm 1.0 17,668 drainage. Sidney Rd SW Sedgwick Rd to Berry Design phase of a project to widen the Lake Rd 0.95-mile segment from Sedgwick 0.85 10,537 Road to Berry Lake Rd to three lanes 18 A road diet, or roadway reconfiguration, can improve safety, calm traffic, provide better mobility and access for all road users, and enhance overall quality of life. A road diet typically involves converting an existing four -lane undivided roadway to a three -lane roadway consisting of two through lanes and a center two-way left -turn lane (bit.ly/3UKn8Ea). Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-120 Project Limits Description Length Cost Estimate (in $$$s)* with bike facilities, sidewalks, and traffic calming. St. Andrews Dr McCormick Woods Dr Complete St. Andrews Dr corridor, to McCormick Woods including pedestrian & bike facilities. 0.6 337 Dr Tremont St/Lund Ave Port Orchard Blvd to Provide concrete sidewalks, bike city limit facilities, and drainage improvements. 1.15 2,903 Residential Shared Right -of -Way Facilities Hawkstone Ave McCormick Woods Dr Pavement striping and signage to to St Andrews Dr designated shared -use lanes. 0.85 168 Retsil Rd Mile Hill Dr to Bay St Curb, gutter, sidewalks, and bike facilities. 1.1 2,776 Ramsey Rd Sedgwick Rd to Widen to two full travel lanes with Salmonberry Rd curb, gutter, sidewalks, and bicycle 0.5 4,207 facilities. Pottery Ave Tremont PI to Widen to two full travel lanes with Melcher St bike lanes, sidewalk, and stormwater 0.2 2,692 improvements. Melcher St Pottery Ave to Widen to include two travel lanes, bike Sherman Ave lanes, sidewalks, and a stormwater 0.4 1,010 system. Fireweed Rd Sidney Ave to S Widen to two full travel lanes with Flower Ave bike lanes and sidewalks. 0.25 631 Sherman Ave Fireweed Rd to Widen to two full travel lanes with Terminus bike lanes and sidewalks. 0.35 883 Blueberry Rd Geiger Rd to Bethel Widen to two full travel lanes with Rd curb, gutter, sidewalks, and bike lanes. 0.4 1,010 Geiger Rd Sedgwick Rd to Widen to two full travel lanes with Blueberry Rd curb, gutter, sidewalks, and bike lanes. 0.25 631 Sidney Ave Prospect St to Sidewalk and streetscape waterfront improvements. 0.1 2,524 Harrison Ave Bay St to waterfront Sidewalk and streetscape 0.05 1,683 improvements. Fredrick Ave Cline St to waterfront Sidewalk and streetscape 0.05 2,524 improvements. Off -Right -of -Way Facilities Bay St Pedestrian P.O. Blvd to Annapolis Multiuse pathway from Kitsap Transit Path Foot Ferry Dock station to Port Orchard Blvd. 1.6 16,761 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-121 Project Limits Description Length Cost Estimate (in $$$s)* Blackjack Creek Trail Bethel Rd to Blackjack Off-street shared -use path (alignment Crk TBD). TBD TBD SW Pendleton Way Fielder PI to Off-street shared -use path (alignment McCormick TBD). TBD TBD Ruby Creek Path Stetson Heights to Off-street shared -use path (alignment Sedgwick TBD). TBD TBD Sidney SR 16 Sidney Rd to Sidney Off-street shared -use path and SR 16 Crossing Ave over- or undercrossing (alignment TBD TBD TBD). Telford Way McCormick West Off-street shared -use path (developer- Dev. funded) 0'85 funded Total Estimated Cost 209,290 *Cost estimates are expressed in thousands of 2023 dollars 8.5 Level of Service Transportation Level of Service (LOS) is a qualitative description of the operating performance of a given element of transportation infrastructure. It is typically expressed as a letter grade from LOS A, representing free flow operations with almost no travel delay, to LOS F, representing complete breakdown of flow and high delay. LOS establishes a basis for comparison between streets and intersections and helps guide the prioritization of improvement projects. Port Orchard's street network should maintain consistency with Kitsap County's network while accommodating the City's transportation needs and vision. To establish and maintain this consistency, the City's LOS standards must be suited to the needs of Port Orchard while retaining some similarity to LOS standards in the adjacent urban unincorporated area. This section describes the basis for the City of Port Orchard LOS standards. 8.5.1 Street Segment Level of Service Definition Port Orchard has adopted a system of planning -level street segment capacity standards for long-range planning and transportation concurrency management. The standards, which are based on Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) concepts and similar policies adopted throughout Western Washington, define a maximum allowable service volume based on functional classification and presence of left -turn lanes, access control, nonmotorized facilities, and on -street parking. The adopted street segment capacity standards are summarized in Table 8-5. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-122 Table 8-5. Street Segment Capacity Standards Functional Classification Base Capacity (vphpl�) Capacity Adjustments (vph) Left -Turn Lane Access - Restricted Segment No Bike Lane No Sidewalk On -Street parking Freeway 2,000 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a State Highway 950 475 665 0 0 Principal Arterial 850 425 595 -85 -170 -45 Minor Arterial 750 375 525 -4 -75 -4 Collectorl 62q 310 435 -3 -6 -3 vph: Vehicles Per Hour; vphpl: Vehicles Per Hour Per Lane Left -turn lanes are estimated to add the capacity equivalent of one half through lane by removing major approach left -turn delay. Similarly, segments with limited access, including physical or natural barriers, provide an increase of the equivalent of 70 percent of one through lane. Capacity reductions for lack of nonmotorized facilities are based on the principle that HCM capacity calculations assume complete urban street sections. Streets without sidewalk or bicycle facilities will force nonmotorized users into vehicle lanes, reducing vehicle capacity. Exceptions to these nonmotorized reductions can be made for freeways and state highways which are designed to emphasize vehicle mobility over nonmotorized traffic. The presence of on -street parking also reduces capacity slightly. Street segment LOS is based on the ratio of traffic volume to roadway capacity, or v/c ratio. Port Orchard has adopted LOS thresholds consistent with the Port Orchard/South Kitsap Subarea Plan and planning -level LOS thresholds defined in Highway Capacity Manual 1994. Adopted street segment LOS thresholds and descriptions are summarized in Table 8-6. Table 8-6. Port Orchard Street Segment LOS Thresholds and Characteristics LOS Volume/ Description Capacity A <_ 0.60 Facility accommodates all modes of transportation. Vehicles experience free flow, with low volumes and high speeds. Stable flow, with traffic conditions beginning to restrict operating speeds. B 0.61— 0.70 Drivers still have reasonable maneuverability between multiple lanes. All modes are accommodated. C 0.71— 0.80 Fairly stable flow, but higher volumes more closely constrict speeds and maneuverability. Approaching unstable flow, with tolerable operating speeds and limited D 0.81-0.90 maneuverability. Facilities without nonmotorized facilities and heavy pedestrian/bike volume may experience unstable flow. Nonmotorized users in travel lanes will conflict with heavy vehicle volume E 0.91-1.00 and cause breakdowns in flow. Vehicles experience unstable flow with reduced operating speeds. F > 1.00 Facility is unable to accommodate all modes. Vehicles experience forced flow, operating under stop -and -go conditions. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-123 Port Orchard has adopted an "ultimate street LOS policy" which provides a segment LOS exemption to streets which have been fully constructed to their respective design standard. This includes, for example, Tremont Street between the SR 16 interchange and Port Orchard Boulevard. Ultimate street design standards are based on the Port Orchard Public Works Engineering Standards and the street design classifications identified in Figure 8-4. 8.5.2 Intersection Level of Service Definition Intersection LOS is based on the average delay experienced by a vehicle traveling through an intersection. Delay at a signalized intersection can be caused by waiting for the signal or waiting for the queue ahead to clear the signal. Delay at unsignalized intersections is caused by waiting for a gap in traffic or waiting for a queue to clear the intersection. Table 8-7 shows the amount of delay used to determine intersection LOS measured in second per vehicle (sec/veh). The intersection LOS analysis completed for this Transportation Element was completed using Highway Capacity Manual 6th Edition (HCM6) methodologies for signalized and stop - controlled intersections. Roundabout delays and LOS were calculated using the Sidra capacity methodology, per WSDOT guidelines. For minor -approach stop controlled intersections, LOS is based on the turn movement with the worst (highest) delay. For all other intersection control types, LOS is based on average delay. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-124 Figure 8-4. Street Design Standards Street Design Standard Principal Arterial A - - - Principal Arterial B Mlnor Arterial A •-- Mlnor Arterial 6 - - - Mlnor Arterial C - Collector A - Collector B Sedgwick-Bethel Corridor StL60 MCCOrmiCk C4mn1UnitiLES City Limit 0,tlin, U rba n Gr&ffUh Area I r 1 i 1 �FU!]Sjh7iTOtrQli �G�LCIOli.€ .e 1 0 Table 8-7. Intersection Level of Service Thresholds LOS Signalized and Roundabout Delay (sec/veh) Stop -Control Delay (sec/veh) A <_10 <_10 B >10-20 >10-15 C >20 — 35 >15 — 25 D >35 — 55 >25 — 35 E >55 — 80 >35 — 50 F >80 >50 A F 1 1 1 1 1 � - r L i I #aswetin 2 mi Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-125 8.5.3 Level of Service Standards and Concurrency Requirements The Growth Management Act (GMA) requires cities to adopt local Level of Service (LOS) standards and ordinances that prohibit development if the adopted standard would be violated by development approval. Developments must be required to provide for necessary improvements within a six -year period with an additional extension of six years permitted on a case -by -case basis. GMA requires that a LOS standard be set but acknowledges the need for flexibility by providing for six years and extensions for the development of required improvements. Therefore, during that period, some portion of the facilities may be under development, design and construction. During that period, facilities may be experiencing congestion that exceeds the adopted standard. As facilities are completed, improvements may initially provide transportation service that performs better than the adopted standard. Port Orchard has adopted a minimum LOS standard of LOS D for the City's functionally classified (i.e. collector and arterial) street system. This represents a compromise between the theoretical "ideal" LOS A and the realities of travel demand, construction, and financial capabilities. At LOS A, people could travel anywhere anytime with no delay. LOS D represents the ability to travel the City's arterial and collector routes with only moderate congestion -related delays. As the City of Port Orchard grows and becomes more urbanized, some additional travel delay will become a reality, particularly during peak periods. Minimum LOS for intersections on State facilities are set by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). SR 16 is designated by WSDOT as a Highway of Statewide Significance (HSS) and is assigned minimum LOS D. SR 160 (Sedgwick Rd) is designated as a non-HSS route with minimum LOS D. SR 166 (Bay St/Bethel/Mile Hill Dr) is a non-HSS route with minimum LOS E Mitigated. This standard means that when the peak hour LOS falls below LOS E, congestion shoulder be mitigated through measures such as transit improvements. Port Orchard may, however, choose to monitor LOS and program improvements at intersections along WSDOT facilities, particularly if they introduce delay to City streets. 8.5.3.1 Level of Service Standards A. Pedestrian Safety and Mobility LOS. Developments will provide for pedestrian safety, including adequate connections to existing pedestrian facilities. Proximity to pedestrian oriented establishments, including but not limited to schools, parks, and commercial establishments shall be considered when evaluating pedestrian safety. Particular attention shall be given to school walk routes. 1. Ultimate Pedestrian LOS. The ultimate pedestrian facility design includes a sidewalk, curb and gutter section or other approved non -motorized vehicle facility. Specific requirements may identify the need for additional safety precautions. 2. Minimum Pedestrian LOS. A minimum pedestrian facility shall include one of the following: a. A six -foot -wide paved path separated from the paved roadway surface by either an unpaved ditch or Swale, three feet wide; b. An eight-to-12-foot-wide paved path constructed integral with paved roadway surface and including adequate delineation for safety; c. Other conditions may be considered equivalent to the minimum pedestrian safety facility at the sole discretion of the city engineer. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-126 B. Traffic Capacity LOS: Traffic Capacity LOS is defined in the Highway Capacity Manual and is based on PM peak hour vehicle capacity. The City's functionally classified (collector and arterial) street system shall meet the following standards: a. Principal arterials — LOS D b. Minor arterials— LOS D c. Collector arterials — LOS C 2. Exemptions to Capacity LOS. The City Council, upon recommendation of the City Engineer may determine as follows: a. That it is not practical to improve specific intersections to achieve higher LOS standards; b. That other improvements may be considered as equivalent mitigation in lieu of achieving the capacity LOS standard stated in this section; c. That a street segment has been constructed to its ultimate design and to provide additional widening would not support the role and character of the street in the City's transportation network. d. Exempt specific intersections or street segments from the LOS standards set forth in this section for a specific period. C. Street Design LOS Ultimate Design LOS. The street system will meet the geometric, right-of-way width, and street section standards for the classification defined in the Public Works Engineering Standards and Specifications, the subdivision code, the comprehensive plan, or other site -specific project requirements. This will include, but not be limited to, traffic control, drainage, other utilities, pedestrian facilities, transportation facility design, construction, right-of-way, and easement dedications, for all transportation facilities, including frontage improvements and arterial connections in conformance with criteria set forth in the ultimate design LOS. Other utilities and appurtenances shall be constructed to meet city standards and comprehensive plans concurrent with the street construction. Three -Quarter Street LOS. The street system shall consist of sidewalk, curb, gutter, all utilities, and appurtenances, and one-half of the ultimate pavement width on the development side of the right-of-way, plus a minimum 14-foot pavement width on the opposite side of the street. The total width shall not exceed the ultimate design width. This will include, but not be limited to, traffic control, drainage and other utilities, pedestrian facilities, transportation facility design, construction, right-of-way, and easement dedications, for all transportation facilities, including frontage improvements and arterial connections in conformance with criteria set forth in the ultimate design LOS. Other utilities and appurtenances shall be constructed to meet city standards and comprehensive plans concurrent with the street construction. 3. Minimum Street LOS. A minimum 30-foot-wide paved street section centered on ultimate design cross section with sufficient traffic capacity to serve existing and project generated traffic. Curb, gutter, and sidewalk will not be required; however, pedestrian safety facilities would normally be required. Drainage may be in surface ditches or a subsurface conveyance. This will include, but not be limited to, traffic control, drainage and other utilities, pedestrian facilities, transportation facility design, construction, right-of-way, and easement dedications, for all transportation facilities, including frontage improvements and arterial connections in conformance with criteria set forth in the ultimate design LOS. Other utilities and appurtenances shall be constructed to meet city standards and comprehensive plans concurrent with street construction. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-127 4. Nonmotorized Transportation LOS. Development proposals shall be evaluated for compliance with city plans and policies, including the Transportation Element of the Comprehensive Plan. Development proposals shall be evaluated for continuity with the system and may be required to provide off -site improvements. Development proposals may be required to expand the plan in some locations to provide for nonmotorized circulation to neighboring properties or areas. The emphasis shall be on off-street paths, but shall also include selected arterials, collectors, and school walk routes which may require separated bike/pedestrian paths, lanes, or other improvements to ensure access continuity and safety for trips generated in the development. 8.5.3.2. Concurrency Requirements All developments shall meet the minimum development standards for Pedestrian Safety and Mobility LOS. The criteria for determining the applicable standard for determining compliance with pedestrian safety LOS, traffic capacity LOS, and street design standard LOS concurrency requirements shall include, but not be limited to, the volume of traffic generated or to be generated on the arterial street system from a development at full build -out during the most critical or highest volume hour of the day hereafter referred to as the peak hour. The peak hour volume shall be determined by a traffic impact analysis. Compliance with the concurrency LOS standards will be based on the following criteria: A. Fewer Than 10 Peak Hour Trips. If a project generates fewer than 10 peak hour vehicle trips, the City Engineer shall determine the necessity of the project to meet all or a portion of the concurrency LOS requirements. 1. Street Frontage. Minimum street LOS improvements must be in place on the project street frontage. The City Engineer shall consider the following when making this determination if nonmotorized safety of traffic capacity LOS is required. In no case shall the concurrency requirements exceed those of a project with 29 or fewer peak hour trips. • Proposed developments in the area; • Proximity of adjacent ultimate, three-quarter street, and/or minimum LOS improvements; • Adequacy and condition of street frontage improvements; • Proximity to pedestrian oriented establishments such as, but not limited to, schools, parks, and commercial businesses; • Anticipated impacts of project; • Capacity of the affected arterial street system. B. Ten to 29 Peak Hour Trips. If a project generates 10 to 29 peak hour trips, the following LOS standards are necessary to achieve concurrency: 1. Street Frontage. Three-quarter street LOS improvements must be in place on the project street frontage. 2. Adjacent Street System. a. Minimum Street LOS Improvements. Minimum street LOS improvements must be in place on the adjacent street system for a distance of up to 200 feet in the direction of an arterial street that meets the three-quarter street LOS on the same side of the street as the development. b. Minimum Pedestrian Safety LOS. Minimum pedestrian safety LOS improvements Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-128 must be in place on the adjacent street system to the point where they connect to or intersect with an arterial street that meets the three-quarter street LOS on the same side of the street as the development. Improvements may be considered connected to adjacent improvements on the opposite side of the street, if the connection is made with an approved pedestrian crossing facility at a controlled intersection, providing protection to the pedestrians with a stop sign or traffic signal, at the discretion of the city engineer. Traffic Capacity LOS. Intersections and segments impacted by traffic from the development as identified in the project traffic impact analysis shall be evaluated for capacity LOS standards. Intersections and segments on the functionally classified street system that are impacted by peak hour traffic generated by the development shall be required to meet capacity LOS standards. All or a portion of the development shall be denied or delayed until deficient facilities meet traffic capacity LOS standards. C. Thirty to 75 Peak Hour Trips. If a project generates 30 to 75 peak hour trips the following LOS standards are necessary to achieve concurrency: 1. Street Frontage. Three-quarter street LOS improvements must be in place on the project street frontage. Adjacent Street System. Three-quarter street LOS improvements must be in place on the adjacent street system to the point where they connect to an arterial street that meets the three-quarter street LOS on the same side of the street as the development. Traffic Capacity LOS. Intersections and segments impacted by traffic from the development as identified in the project traffic impact analysis shall be evaluated for traffic capacity LOS standards. Intersections and segments on the functionally classified street system that are impacted by peak hour traffic generated by the development shall be required to meet capacity LOS standards. All or a portion of the development shall be denied or delayed until deficient facilities meet traffic capacity LOS standards. 4. Nonmotorized Transportation LOS. Development proposals shall be evaluated for compliance with the nonmotorized component of the Comprehensive Plan Transportation Element. Development proposals shall be evaluated for continuity with the system and may be required to provide off - site improvements. Development proposals may be required to expand the plan in some locations to provide for non- motorized circulation to neighboring properties or areas. The emphasis shall be on off-street paths, but shall also include selected arterials, collectors, and school walk routes which may require separated bike/pedestrian paths, lanes, or other improvements to ensure access continuity and safety for trips generated in the development. D. More Than 75 Peak Hour Trips. Street Frontage. Ultimate Design street LOS improvements must be in place on the project street frontage. 2. Adjacent Street System. Three-quarter street LOS improvements must be in place on the adjacent street system to the point where they connect to an arterial street that meets the three-quarter street LOS on the same side of the street as the development. 3. Traffic Capacity LOS. Intersections and segments impacted by traffic from the development as identified in the project traffic impact analysis shall be evaluated for traffic capacity LOS standards. Intersections and segments on the functionally classified street system that are impacted by peak Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-129 hour traffic generated by the development shall be required to meet capacity LOS standards and street design standards. All or a portion of the development shall be denied or delayed until deficient intersections meet traffic capacity LOS standards. 4. Nonmotorized Transportation LOS. Development proposals shall be evaluated for compliance with the nonmotorized component of the Comprehensive Plan Transportation Element . Development proposals shall be evaluated for continuity with the system and may be required to provide off - site improvements. Development proposals may be required to expand the plan in some locations to provide for non- motorized circulation to neighboring properties or areas. The emphasis shall be on off-street paths, but shall also include selected arterials, collectors, school walk routes which may require separated bike/pedestrian paths, lanes, or other improvements to ensure access continuity and safety for trips generated in the development. 8.6 Traffic Forecasting 8.6.1 Land Use Assumptions Existing Land Use Traffic forecasting is based on the relationship of vehicle trips to development or land use. Land use can be organized into two general categories: households and employees. Residential land use forecasts are often expressed in terms of population, however for travel demand modeling it is helpful to convert population into trip -generating households. Current Port Orchard population and household estimates were obtained from Census 2020 data and are summarized in Table 8-8. Table 8-8. Port Orchard 2020 Population Estimate Total Population 15,587 Total Households 6,952 Existing Port Orchard employment is summarized in Table 8-9 and is consistent with the 2021 Kitsap County Buildable Lands Report. Employment inventory is organized into six categories, consistent with the categories used in the Kitsap County transportation model which formed the foundation of the Port Orchard citywide transportation model. Table 8-9 identifies the modeled employment categories, corresponding North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes, number of employees, and share of total citywide employment. Table 8-9. Port Orchard 2020 Employment Classification Sector (NAICS #) Number Percent Retail (44, 45) 3,097 36% Commercial Finance, Insurance, Real Estate, and Services (51-56, 61-62, 71-72, 81) 2,827 33% Government and Education (Public sector) 1,828 21% Construction and Resources (11, 21, 23) 458 5% Industry ufacturing, Wholesale Trade, Transportation, and Utilities (22, 31- 42,48-49) F33, 405 5% Total 1 8,615 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-130 Development Forecast Long-range housing and development forecasts were obtained from PSRV VISION 2050 allocations and Kitsap County Countywide Planning Policies. The 2044 citywide population and housing forecasts are summarized in Table 8-10. The forecast includes a total of 10,396 households, an increase of 49 percent from 2020. Table 8-10. Port Orchard 2044 Population Estimate Total Population 26,374 Total Households 10,396 2044 employment forecasts are identified in Table 8-11 for each of five job sectors. Citywide employment is expected to reach 14,015 by 2044, an increase of 63 percent from 2020. Table 8-11. Port Orchard 2044 Employment Forecast Classification Sector (NAICS #) Number Percent Retail (44, 45) 4,987 36% Commercial Finance, Insurance, Real Estate, and Services (51-56, 61-62, 71-72, 81) 4,759 34% Government and Education (Public sector) 2,940 21% Construction and Resources (11, 21, 23) 691 5% Industry Manufacturing, Wholesale Trade, Transportation, and Utilities (22, 31- 33, 42, 48-49) 639 5% Total 14,015 Future housing and employment growth was geographically allocated throughout the City of Port Orchard based on a buildable lands analysis developed for the Land Use Element of this Comprehensive Plan. Housing and employment growth outside city limits was calculated using PSRC VISION 2050 forecasts for Kitsap County. 8.6.2 Traffic Forecasting Model Background Port Orchard maintains a citywide travel demand model which is regularly updated and utilized for transportation planning, policymaking, and concurrency management. The Port Orchard model was initially developed in 2015 based on the Kitsap County travel demand model. It was updated in 2019 and most recently in 2022 for this Transportation Element update. The travel demand model calculates growth in units of weekday PM peak hour vehicle trips. This approach is consistent with the Kitsap County travel demand model. Network Development The modeled transportation network was updated based on field review, aerial imagery, and signal timing data obtained from Kitsap County and WSDOT staff. The modeled street network includes all functionally classified roadways and most local streets within the City and UGA, in addition to regionally significant County and state routes in the vicinity. Turn capacities and volume -delay functions were modeled using Highway Capacity Manual 6t" Edition methodologies for signalized and stop -controlled intersections, and TRL/Kimber capacity methodology for roundabouts. Link capacities and volume -delay functions were modeled based on planning -level Highway Capacity Manual capacity concepts, consistent with the Kitsap County travel demand model. Traffic Analysis Zone Structure Transportation Analysis Zones (TAZs) are the geographic units used by a travel demand model to Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-131 represent land use and to generate trips into and out of the transportation network. Each TAZ's land use determines the number of trips generated by the TAZ. The travel demand model includes a total of 93 TAZs, including 76 "internal" and 17 "external" TAZs. The TAZ structure is shown in Figure 8-5. Internal zones are defined geographic areas which represent housing and employment in and near the City and UGA. Internal TAZ boundaries were defined based on Census 2020 block boundaries and refined based on city limits and zoning. Forty-four of the model's 76 TAZs are located within city limits. External zones represent trips entering and exiting the planning area via major access routes. The model's 17 external TAZs include major state routes such as SR 3 and SR 16 as well as smaller access routes such as Victory Drive and the Kitsap Transit Foot Ferry. In contrast to internal TAZs which are based on defined geographic areas, external TAZs represent vehicle trips crossing a specified point, typically determined via traffic count. A portion of the trips generated by an external zone connect with internal TAZs, while the remainder of the trips interact with other external zones outside the planning area. These external -to -external trips have neither an origin nor destination within the study area, yet they pass through the study area, impacting the transportation network. Trip Generation Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan I December 2024 Page 8-132 The first step of the travel demand modeling process is to translate housing and employment into trip origins and destinations for each TAZ. The travel demand model includes five trip types: • Home -to -Work (HW) and Work -to -Home (WH): Trips with one end at the traveler's home and the other end at the traveler's place of employment. • Home -to -Other (HO) and Other -to -Home (OH): Trips with one end at the traveler's home and the other end at somewhere other than the traveler's place of employment, e.g. shopping trips. • Non -Home -Based (NHB): Trips without an end at the traveler's home. Modeled trip generation rates were initially based on PM peak hour trip rates published in the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Trip Generation Manual 11rh Edition. Rates were calibrated to more closely reflect volumes observed in traffic counts collected in January and February 2022. Modeled trip rates are summarized in Table 8-12. Table 8-12. Travel Demand Model PM Peak Hour Trip Generation Rates Land Use Units HW1 WH' HO' OH' NHB1D2 Total Oz Dz Oz Dz Oz Dz Oz DZ O2 Single -Family Res. DU 0.025 0 0 0.078 0.441 0 0.011 0.226 0.056 0.008 0.845 Multi -Family Res. DU 0.012 0 0 0.047 0.291 0 0 0.137 0.018 0.005 0.510 RETAIL Emp 0 0.015 0.074 0 0 0.502 0.192 0 0.472 0.221 1.476 FIRES EMP 0 0.009 0.034 0 0 0.344 0.119 0 0.017 0.106 0.629 GOV EMP 0 0.004 0.022 0 0 0.31 0.066 0 0.022 0.128 0.552 EDU EMP 0 0.012 0.127 0 0 0.163 0.273 0 0.206 0.408 1.189 WTU EMP 0 0.017 0.048 0 0 0.211 0.119 0 0.071 0.194 0.660 MANU EMP 0 0.008 0.023 0 0 0.098 0.057 0 0.034 0.090 0.310 CONRES EMP 0 0.017 0.017 0 0 0.235 0.042 0 0.025 0.084 0.420 1HW: home to work; WH: work -to -home; HO: home -to -other; OH: other -to -home; NHB: non -home -based 20: origin trip rate; D: destination trip rate Trip Distribution The trip distribution step consists of identifying an origin and a destination for each trip generated by each TAZ in the travel demand model. The trip distribution process uses a gravity model, based on the gravitational theory that the attraction between two bodies is directly proportional to the bodies' masses and inversely proportional to the distance between the bodies. A TAZ's "mass" is represented by the number of trips generated (produced by or attracted to) the TAZ while the distance factor is represented by route travel time. The result of the trip distribution step is an origin -destination matrix for each trip purpose in the travel demand model. The gravity model calculates the attractiveness between any two TAZs using the utility function: J(U) = a * (Ub) * (eau) In the utility function, the independent variable U is defined as travel time between zones. The parameters a, b, and c are calibration factors which influence the weight of travel time in the gravity model. Gravity model parameters were calibrated with consideration for the Kitsap County travel demand model, NCHRP Report 716 (TRB 2012), and traffic count data. The calibrated gravity parameters are shown in Table 8-13. Table 8-13. Trip Distribution Gravity Model Parameters Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-133 Trip Purpose Model Parameter a b c Home -to -Work (HW) 28,507 0.400 -0.100 Work -to -Home (WH) 28,507 0.400 -0.100 Home -to -Other (HO) 139,173 -1.017 -0.791 Other -to -Home (OH) 139,173 -1.017 -0.791 Non -Home Based (NHB) 219,133 -0.791 -0.195 Traffic Assignment The traffic assignment step consists of finding the optimal route from origin to destination for each trip in the travel demand model. The model begins by calculating the shortest travel -time route from each origin to destination based on free -flow conditions. It loads trips into the network based on the initial solution, recalculates traffic delay based on the updated network volume, and recalculates shortest paths based on the updated delay results. This process is repeated until an equilibrium condition is achieved in which every trip has been assigned its shortest path based on congested network conditions. Model Validation The base year model was calibrated to improve the relationship between modeled flows and observed traffic volumes. Traffic volume data was collected in January and February 2022 and included intersection turning movement counts at 56 intersections and tube counts collected at 6 road segments in and near Port Orchard. The base year model was calibrated based on guidance from FHWA's Travel Model Validation and Reasonableness Checking Manual Second Edition (FHWA 2010). Model inputs and parameters were adjusted iteratively to improve the correlation between modeled traffic volumes and observed traffic volumes. Calibration statistics and a scatterplot of assigned vs. counted traffic volume are shown in Figure 8-6. Figure 8-6. Travel Demand Model Calibration Statistics 3000 2500 3 2000 Q 1000 500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Counted Volume NumObs= 426 %RMSE= 15 RZ = 0.98 Slope = 0.95 Y-Int = 8.31 MeanRelError = 9% Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-134 8.6.3 Long -Range Forecasting Assumptions The long-range (2044) traffic forecasts were calculated based on housing and employment forecasts identified in the Land Use Element. Traffic growth external to the planning area was calculated based on historical growth rates. Long-range forecasts included both "Without Improvement" and "With Improvement" scenarios. The "Without Improvement" scenario assumed no transportation capacity improvements would be constructed in the planning horizon. Transportation improvement strategies necessary to maintain minimum LOS standards were identified and modeled in the "With -Improvement" scenario. 8.7 Transportation System Needs 8.7.1 2022 Traffic Volumes and LOS Deficiencies An analysis of 2022 volume -to -capacity ratios on 59 functionally classified collector and arterial segments within city limits identified two street segments which currently operate below their respective minimum LOS standards. Both segments are located along the Bethel Road corridor, which is programmed for complete street improvements in the TIP. Existing street segment LOS deficiencies are identified in Table 8-14. Table 8-14. 2022 Street Segment Level of Service Deficiencies Name Functional Classification PM Peak Hour Volume WC LOS Bethel Rd (Sedgwick Rd to Salmonberry) Principal Arterial 1,390 1.17 F Bethel Rd (Salmonberry to Lund Ave) Principal Arterial 1,350 1.13 F Five intersections within city limits operate below minimum LOS standards. Four of the five LOS- deficient intersections are located on WSDOT routes. 2022 PM peak hour intersection LOS deficiencies are identified in Table 8-15. Mitigation strategies for LOS deficiencies are described later in this section. Table 8-15. 2022 Intersection Level of Service Deficiencies Intersection Control' PM Peak Hour Volume Delay2 LOS Bethel Rd SE & Salmonberry Rd TWSC 1,630 48 E Old Clifton Road & SR 16 EB ramps TWSC 1,525 36 E Tremont Street & SR 16 WB ramps TWSC 2,020 158 F Sedgwick Rd (SR 160) & Geiger Road TWSC 1,760 36 E Bay Street (SR 166) & Port Orchard Blvd TWSC 1,450 42 E 1TWSC = Two -Way Stop Control; AWSC = All -Way Stop Control; RAB = Roundabout; Signal = Signalized 2Average control delay for all movements, reported in seconds per vehicle. For TWSC, delay is reported for the movement with the worst (highest) delay. 8.7.2 2044 Anticipated LOS Deficiencies Five collector and arterial street segments within city limits will operate below their respective minimum LOS standards by 2044. These include two segments of Bethel Road and one segment of Sedgwick Road, classified principal arterial roadways. 2044 street segment LOS deficiencies are identified in Table 8-16. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-135 Table 8-16. 2044 Street Segment LOS Deficiencies Name Functional Classification PM Peak Hour Volume V/C LOS Bethel Rd (Sedgwick Rd to Salmonberry) Principal Arterial 1,540 1.29 F Bethel Rd (Salmonberry to Lund Ave) Principal Arterial 1,720 1.45 F Sedgwick Rd/SR 160 (SR 16 to Bethel Rd) Principal Arterial 1,770 0.93 E Sidney Ave (Sedgwick to Berry Lk Rd) Minor Arterial 2,500 1.69 F Old Clifton Rd (City limit to Anderson Hill Rd) Collector 1,590 0.95 E By 2044, 10 intersections within city limits will operate below their minimum LOS standard. In addition to the five existing LOS-deficient intersections which will persist through 2044, five additional intersections on City collector and arterial routes will reach LOS-deficient status by 2044. 2044 intersection LOS deficiencies are identified in Table 8-17. Table 8-17. 2044 Intersection Level of Service Deficiencies Intersection Controls PM Peak Hour Volume Delay2 LOS On City of Port Orchard Routes Bethel Rd SE & Salmonberry Rd TWSC 2,135 >300 F Bethel Rd & Blueberry Rd TWSC 1,620 >300 F Old Clifton Rd & McCormick Woods Dr TWSC 1,720 47 E Old Clifton Rd & Anderson Hill Rd TWSC 1,840 >300 F Old Clifton Rd & Lloyd Parkway TWSC 1,750 62 F Pottery Avenue & S Kitsap Boulevard TWSC 1,090 35 E On WSDOT Routes Old Clifton Road & SR 16 EB ramps TWSC 2,605 >300 F Tremont Street & SR 16 WB ramps TWSC 3,325 52 F Sedgwick Road (SR 160) & Geiger Road TWSC 2,265 99 F Bay Street (SR 166) & Port Orchard Blvd TWSC 1,785 92 F 1TWSC = Two -Way Stop Control; AWSC = All -Way Stop Control; RAB = Roundabout; Signal = Signalized 2Average control delay for all movements, reported in seconds per vehicle. For TWSC, delay is reported for the movement with the worst (highest) delay. Both intersections at the SR 16 Sedgwick Road interchange are expected to operate at LOS D overall through 2044, maintaining their minimum LOS D standard. However, both intersections will operate with a peak hour volume -to -capacity (v/c) ratio greater than 1.00 on the SR 16 off -ramps. This indicates oversaturated conditions, which may result in significant queuing and large variations in travel time. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-136 Figure 8-7. Street Segment and Intersection Level of Service Deficiencies Street Segment & Intersection Level of Service Deficiencies Existing Deficiency l ♦` -i 2044 Deficiency t � V 1 �I City Limit Outline Urban Growth Area J �� <m r W BELFAIR VALLEY RV- - 16 ! y 3 1 s w 1 Gaz r s��oxt s y 1 a P SE LAND AVE Iy SE�- ir_ N O � < 1 1 SW BERRY SE SALMONBERRY RD 1 -J LAKE RD I o _ J— '+ OLD CLI NRD S>d ■ I r 1 1 1 16 1 1 I 1 I I = ' 1 � 1 — - I 1 a — 1 I W N Transportation soiutions 0 0.5 4 .5 2 mi 8.7.3 Actions Necessary to Maintain LOS Standards Mitigation strategies for LOS-deficient street segments and intersections were developed with consideration for prior planning and policy documents, including: • Port Orchard Six -Year Transportation Improvement Program for 2024-2029; • Port Orchard Transportation Improvement Program for 2030-2043; • Port Orchard Transportation Impact Fee Rate Study 2020 Update; • July 2020 update to the Transportation Element of the Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan; • Bethel Road and Sedgwick Road Corridor Plan (2018); and • SR 16 Tacoma Narrows Bridge to SR 3 Congestion Study (WSDOT 2018). Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-137 The projects identified in Table 8-18 are necessary to support anticipated growth by maintaining minimum LOS standards through 2044. Several projects reference the multi -phase Bethel/Sedgwick Corridor Improvement project. This project, described in the 2018 Bethel Road and Sedgwick Road Corridor Plan, will provide major capacity, safety, and accessibility improvements to the Bethel Road and Sedgwick Road corridors, bringing both roadways up to urban design standards and supporting multi -model transportation for existing and future development throughout Port Orchard. Cost estimates for the projects were obtained from the Port Orchard Transportation Improvement Program and Transportation Impact Fee Rate study and adjusted for inflation using the National Highway Construction Cost Index. Table 8-18. Projects Necessary to Maintain LOS Standards Cost Estimate (in ID Project Name 1 Limits Description $$$s)* Projects Necessary to Mitigate Existing LOS Deficiencies 1 Bethel/Sedgwick Bethel Rd Complete street Corridor Phase 3 (Sedgwick Rd improvements per to Blueberry the 10,283 Rd) Bethel/Sedgwick Corridor Plan. 2 Bethel/Sedgwick Bethel Rd Complete street Corridor Phase 4 (Salmonberry improvements per Rd to Lund the 15,445 Ave) Bethel/Sedgwick Corridor Plan. 3 Bethel/Sedgwick Intersection New roundabout Corridor Phase improvements halfway between SR 2,608 2a 16 and Bethel Rd. 4 Port Orchard Tremont St to Roundabouts at Bay Blvd Bay St (SR St/PO Blvd & Improvements 166) Tremont St/PO Blvd; 17,977 complete street improvements on PO Blvd. 5 Old Clifton Rd & Intersection New roundabout or SR 16 EB ramps improvements traffic signal 2,608 (coordinate with WSDOT). 6 Tremont St & SR Intersection New roundabout or 16 WB ramps improvements traffic signal (coordinate with WSDOT). 2,608 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-138 Cost Estimate (in ID Project Name 1 Limits Description $$$s)* Projects Necessary to Mitigate 2044 LOS Deficiencies 7 Bethel/Sedgwick Sedgwick Rd Second phase of the Corridor Phase 2 (SR 16 to street Bethel Rd) improvements per 29,443 the Bethel/Sedgwick Corridor Plan. 8 Old Clifton City limit to Separated pathway Ped/Bike Anderson Hill with lighting and 5,674 Improvements Rd shoulder improvements. 9 Bethel Rd & Intersection New roundabout Salmonberry Rd improvements 6,894 10 Bethel Rd & Intersection New roundabout. Blueberry Rd improvements 5,622 11 Old Clifton Rd & Intersection New roundabout. McCormick improvements 2,692 Woods Dr 12 Old Clifton Rd & Intersection New roundabout. Anderson Hill Rd improvements 4,072 13 Old Clifton Rd & Intersection New roundabout or Lloyd Parkway improvements traffic signal. 2,524 14 Sidney Ave Sedgwick Rd Widen to 3 lanes to Berry Lk Rd w/complete street 13,158 improvements. 15 Pottery Ave & Intersection New all -way stop South Kitsap Blvd Improvements control 100 Total 121,708 *Cost estimates are expressed in thousands of 2023 dollars. 8.8 Transportation Demand Management Travel Demand Management (TDM) is comprised of a broad range of programs, policies, regulations, and in some capital projects that are intended to reduce travel by automobile or to reduce travel in general. For instance, providing preferential parking and/or cost subsidies for carpool users reduces the number of automobiles on the road, while allowing employees to work from home eliminates travel altogether. Some TDM programs are mandated or implemented at the State level, such as Washington's Commute Trip Reduction Act and WSDOT's HOV/Toll Lane Program. Others are regional, including vanpool/rideshare programs administered by transit agencies such as Kitsap Transit. Larger cities have sufficient resources to implement bike share and other capital -intensive programs. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-139 Cities like Port Orchard can support state and regional efforts but can have more influence on travel demand through integrated land use and transportation planning that results in compact mixed -use centers with strong internal non -motorized connectivity and access to regional transit. The subarea plans for these centers that follow the adoption of the Comprehensive Plan should include consideration of nonmotorized connectivity standards, a balanced mix of housing, employment, and local services to minimize trips outside of the center. Parking regulations for the centers should consider establishing maximum parking ratios, rather than minimums. Design standards for businesses should include provisions for employees that commute on foot or bicycle and include bicycle storage, changing rooms, and shower facilities. These facilities could be shared in compact or urban village settings. Other TDM actions the City could consider are included in the following section on TDM effectiveness. There is no one size fits all approach, and for the City of Port Orchard, a combination of small actions at the individual development scale will likely be more cost-effective than citywide programs that may be effective in one part of the city and not in another. Large-scale City sponsored programmatic TDM measures should be considered with caution and partnerships with adjacent jurisdictions and regional partners should be pursued instead. 8.8.1 Overview TDM activities produce wide-ranging benefits to individuals and the transportation system as a whole, reducing traffic congestion, vehicle emissions, and fuel consumptions while supporting physical activity and enhanced safety. TDM makes existing transportation investments perform better, extends the life of existing infrastructure, and can improve outcomes for new transportation investments (Regional TDM Action Plan, 2013-2018 — Puget Sound Regional Council). Before presenting some of the key references on TDM effectiveness, some general comments can be made about TDM effectiveness: One Size Does Not Fit All —TDM effectiveness is highly dependent on the application setting, complementary strategies, nature of the travel market segment being targeted, and even the "vigor" with which TDM is implemented and promoted. Unlike many physical improvements, TDM strategies require education and outreach. This is all to say that the transferability of TDM strategy effectiveness is highly dependent on local conditions. Some of the more subjective evaluation findings on why a given TDM initiative was more successful in one location over another are issues such as the presence of a local advocate, a history of alternative transportation, and the appropriate selection of a target market of travelers. There is "no one recipe for success" when it comes to TDM effectiveness, but there are "ingredients" that are correlated to program success. However, correlation does not prove causality. TDM Impacts are Largely Localized — TDM effectiveness is most readily measured at a local level, and this appears to be where the greatest impacts can be found. TDM is applied to specific worksites, developments, employment centers, venues, or activity centers. Localities with well-defined travel markets tend to produce the most readily available and significant impacts. When the impact of TDM at a broader geographic level is sought, for example at the corridor, citywide, or regional level, the localized nature of TDM effectiveness diffuses the results at a broader scale. One study of implementing mandatory trip reduction programs in Minneapolis -St. Paul, MN, with strong parking management in a mixed -use setting, showed that the programs would reduce vehicle trips by 8 to 27 percent at affected worksites translating to only a 2 percent peak period traffic reduction on the adjacent interstate. However, small changes in demand (total demand or the spatial or temporal distribution of travel demand) can significantly affect traffic flow in congested locations and times. Likewise, the benefits of TDM accrue to both those who switch to sustainable modes as well as all travelers, including solo drivers (in terms of reduced delay, improved air quality, safety, etc.). Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-140 Travelers Respond to Their Wallets — Most evaluation studies point to the overwhelming effectiveness of financial incentives and disincentives to manage demand. At one level, this makes sense as price influences demand in a classic microeconomic analysis. Cordon pricing in London and Stockholm have reduced traffic volumes entering the city center by as much as 20%. Parking pricing is another widely accepted demand management technique. Adding or increasing parking charges at worksites can produce dramatic mode shifts, as reported in Shoup's The High Cost of Free Parking. However, these examples relate to key disincentives to car use. In the U.S., TDM programs focused on modest financial incentives have been highly effective in inducing a shift to more sustainable modes. These incentive programs are often in the form of "Try -It -You'll -Like -It" inducements. For example, the Atlanta Clean Air Campaign's Cash for Commuters offers drive -alone commuters a daily cash incentive ($3/day) for using an alternative mode (carpool, vanpool, transit, bike, walking) for up to 90 days. An independent evaluation showed that the incentive caused 1,800 commuters to switch modes, resulting in 1,300 fewer vehicle trips and 30,000 vehicle -miles traveled (VMT) on the region's highways. More importantly, over 70% of incentive recipients continued their new commute mode after the subsidy lapsed, and half were still using a non -drive alone mode one year later. In the Netherlands, congestion management efforts have resorted to paying commuters to stay off backed -up highways during the peak, so-called Rush Hour Avoidance. Financial levers, even modest amounts, can influence travel behavior in a very significant manner. Parking Influences Travel Choices — Parking management is another widely accepted strategy to effectively change travel behavior, especially mode shift, time shift, and location shift. Parking pricing was mentioned above, but parking supply management can be effective as well. If parking is tight, meaning that all cars cannot be accommodated if everyone drives alone, commuters will adapt by sharing rides, shifting to transit, or even bicycling or walking if the distance allows. One study of developer TDM requirements revealed an 11 to 21 percent reduction in parking demand among worksites with aggressive TDM programs. Travel demand can be influenced by time of day and short- vs. long-term parking rates to reduce travel, including cruising for parking, during congested periods. Packaging is Key—TDM strategies are most effective when packaged into logical, complementary packages to realize synergistic effects. On the other hand, some strategies do not complement one another. One example of an unintended consequence from traditional TDM is flex -time and carpooling. Some employers who implement flex -time strategies as an employee perk or to address congestion at parking entrances have found that this can also serve to discourage ridesharing arrangements, which tend to do better with set work hours. At the same time, flexibility could reduce peak period volumes and improve flow without changing mode split. Looking at some newer strategies, such as high - occupancy toll (HOT) lanes, efficiency improvements can also work to discourage some ridesharing arrangements. HOT lane projects which need to raise vehicle occupancy requirements from 2+ to 3+ to create sufficient capacity to sell may break apart existing two -person carpools who choose to drive alone in the mixed flow lanes rather than pay a toll or find a third rider. Complementary measures can lead to greater results than strategies implemented alone. The effect of many TDM strategies is multiplicative: the impact of anyone measure of VMT reduction or mode shift might be modest, but the combined effects of several complementary measures can be substantial. For example, systems management improvements, such as ramp metering, can be complemented with provisions for high -occupancy vehicle (HOV) bypass lanes, employer trip reduction programs in the corridor, and traveler information that includes HOV time savings among the traffic statistics provided. One study concluded that employer TDM programs that combined incentives and improved commute alternatives experienced an average trip reduction of almost 25%, where those implementing incentives alone realized a 16.4% reduction and alternatives alone 8.5%. As one international TDM study put it: Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-141 "packaged, complementary solutions are usually more effective than a single measure."19 TDM is Not a Solution to All Transportation Problems — TDM can be highly effective at a low cost (relative to capacity improvements) when applied in the right place, at the right time for the right travel market. However, TDM, in and of itself, is not adequate to solve congestion, air quality, energy, and other urban woes. Too often the expectations are unstated or disconnected from allocated resources and incompatible policies (e.g., developers are required to build a minimum number of parking spaces, often offered for free to employees and customers, that serves to generate even more driving). TDM is most effective, or at least most measurable, at the local level. The impact of TDM at a corridor or regional level is very hard to evaluate. Modeling and simulation, such as that done using employer trip reduction data to show the likely impact of TDM on 1-5 in Seattle, suggests that aggressive and relatively widespread TDM programs at a local level can have a measurable and significant impact on a corridor. However, it is very difficult to measure issues of multiple influences, externalities, and causality. This points to the need to combine TDM strategies with smart infrastructure enhancements such as Active Traffic Management (ATM). When efficiency improvements are combined with efforts to reduce peak demand, the greatest impacts can be realized. TraditionalTDM HOV/HOT/ Managed Lanes Employer Trip Reduction Programs Alternative Work Arrangements School -based Trip Reduction Event -based Trip Reduction Recreation -based Trip Reduction Car -sharing Vanpool Programs Land Use/Active Transportation Developer Trip Reduction Land Use Strategies Car -free or Access -restricted Zones Bicycle Facilities and Programs Pedestrian Facilities and Continuity Transit Transit Service Improvements Transit Prioritization/BRT Transit Fare Discounts Park and Ride Lots 8.8.2 Other Impacts Parking Parking Information Parking Supply Management Parking Pricing Pricing Cordon Pricing Congestion Pricing General Financial Incentives Vehicle -Miles Traveled (VMT) Tax Systems Management Ramp Metering Integrated Corridor Management Traveler Information Eco-driving Traffic Light synchronization The sections above have discussed the documented impacts of TDM on travel behavior, traffic, and air quality. This section suggests that TDM can have a positive impact on other policy objectives, such as goods movement, land use, livability, and economic development. Unfortunately, very little empirical research exists documenting the impact of TDM strategies toward these policies in a comprehensive, systematic, and comparative manner. As such, individual case studies are summarized below: 19 OECD, Road Travel Demand: Meeting the Challenge, 2002. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-142 Goods movement — A strategy of consolidated deliveries has been shown to reduce the number of delivery vehicles, in places like Burgos, Spain, but other impacts have not been documented, such as congestion reduction. A delivery scheme in two French cities, using electric vehicles, reduced related CO2 by 58%. Pricing strategies, on the other hand, have been proven to be quite effective. Truck tolling in Germany has resulted in a small shift from truck to rail and a reduction in empty deadheading trips. Peak period fees at the Port of Los Angeles have reduced congestion in the terminal areas and have reduced midday truck volumes on 1-710. Land use — TDM is often used as a mitigation strategy to reduce the additional trips generated by new development, and success cases revealing trip reductions on the order of 10-25% are fairly abundant. Land use and design issues, as a longer -term strategy, have the potential to increase non -automobile modes, as revealed in comparisons of the mode split between towns with and without good bike, pedestrian, and transit infrastructure. Livability — Measuring the impact of TDM on livability can be a subjective process. But livability might be seen as the product of several other effective roles for TDM, namely reduced congestion, increased safety, improved environment, and healthy economic conditions. Mostly, livability can be associated with increased travel choices, a fundamental purpose of demand management. Economic Development — In mitigating the negative impacts associated with growth (congestion, air pollution, energy consumption, reduced safety), TDM can improve the attractiveness of a region or city to prosper economically. As seen in cases such as Lund, Sweden, and the Sustainable Travel Town pilots in the U.K., economic growth can be decoupled from traffic growth. In Lund, the region grew substantially (population and employment) during a period when TDM was being implemented, reducing VMT by 1-2% overall. The growth in travel demand was met by increases in transit use and bicycling. FHWA-HOP-12-035, INTEGRATING DEMAND MANAGEMENT INTO THE TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS: A DESK REFERENCE, August 31, 2012 8.9 Financial Analysis and Concurrency The State of Washington's Growth Management Act (GMA) requires that a jurisdiction's transportation plan contain a funding analysis of the transportation projects it recommends. The analysis should cover funding needs, funding resources, and it should include a multi -year financing plan. The purpose of this requirement is to ensure that each jurisdiction's transportation plan is affordable and achievable. If a funding analysis reveals that a plan is not affordable or achievable, the plan must discuss how additional funds will be raised, or how land use assumptions will be reassessed. The City of Port Orchard is including the financial element in this transportation plan in compliance with the GMA as well as to provide a guide to the City for implementation of this plan. 8.9.1 Federal Transportation Revenue Sources Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, or "Bipartisan Infrastructure Law" (BIL) On November 15, 2021, President Biden signed into law the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, also known as the "Bipartisan Infrastructure Law" (BIL) into law. The BIL authorizes $550 billion over fiscal years 2022 through 2026 in new Federal investment in infrastructure, including in roads, bridges, mass transit, water infrastructure, resilience, and broadband communications. This funding includes $350 billion for highway programs, including over a dozen new highway programs. For more information, visit: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bipartisan-infrastructure-law/. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-143 Surface Transportation Block Grant Program (STBG) The STBG provides flexible funding that may be used by States and local agencies for projects to preserve and improve the conditions and performance on any Federal -aid highway, bridge, and tunnel projects on any public road, pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, and transit capital projects. STBG-eligible projects may be located on any federal —aid highway system facility including the National Highway System (NHS), bridge projects not located on the federal -aid system ("off system bridges"), transit capital projects, modifications of existing public sidewalks to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) regardless of whether the sidewalk is on the federal —aid system right of way, and intracity and intercity bus terminals and facilities. An apportionment of these funds is to be obligated to areas with population greater than 5,000 but no more than 200,000 (the Washington State Office of Financial Management' April 2023 report estimated the 2023 population of Sultan at 6,730). The State is to identify projects in these areas for funding in consultation with regional planning organizations. A portion of the funds are reserved for rural areas and may be spent on the federal -aid functionally classified system including Minor Collectors. Project eligible for funding include all City arterial and collector improvement projects recommended in this Plan. For more information, visit: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/specialfunding/stp/. Transportation Alternatives Program (TA) The BIL continues the Transportation Alternatives set -aside from the STBG program. Eligible uses of the set -aside funds include all projects and activities that were previously eligible under the Transportation Alternatives Program under the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). This encompasses a variety of smaller -scale transportation projects such as pedestrian and bicycle facilities, recreational trails, safe routes to school projects, community improvements such as historic preservation and vegetation management, and environmental mitigation related to stormwater and habitat connectivity. For more information, visit: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bipartisan-infrastructure- law/ta.cfm. Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) The BIL continues the HSIP to achieve significant reductions in traffic fatalities and serious injuries on all public roads, including non -State-owned public roads and roads on tribal lands. The BIL maintains the previous FAST Act definition of highway safety improvement projects and adds under that definition several additional types of projects: • Intersection safety that provide for the safety of all road users, as appropriate, including multimodal roundabouts; • Construction and improvement of a railway -highway grade crossing safety feature, including installation of protective devices or a grade separation project; • Construction or installation of features, measures, and road designs to calm traffic and reduce vehicle speeds; • Installation or upgrades of traffic control devices for pedestrians and bicyclists including pedestrian hybrid beacons and the addition of bicycle movement phases to traffic signals; • Roadway improvements that provide separation between motor vehicles and bicyclists, including medians, pedestrian crossing islands, protected bike lanes, and protected intersection features; and • Pedestrian security features designed to slow or stop a motor vehicle. For more information, visit: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bipartisan-infrastructure-law/hsip.cfm. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-144 Recreational Trails Program (RTP) The BIL reauthorized the Recreational Trails Program (RTP) for Federal fiscal years 2022 through 2026 as a set -aside of funds from the Transportation Alternatives (TA) Set -Aside under STBG. The Recreational Trail Program provides funds to develop and maintain recreational trails for motorized and nonmotorized travel. For more information, visit: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/recreational trails/ . Safe Routes to School Program (SRTS) The purpose of the Safe Routes to Schools (SRTS) program is to provide K-12 students a safe, healthy alternative to riding the bus or being driven to school. Organized by the USDOT and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), this federal program also includes a Washington state funded portion that provides funding for engineering and construction, education efforts and enforcement activities within two miles of schools. There is no match requirement. Projects are to be submitted as complete projects and fully funded. For more information, visit: https://wsdot.wa.gov/business- wsdot/support-local-programs/funding-programs/safe-routes-school-program. Bridge Investment Program (BIP) The BIL authorized the Bridge Investment Program, a competitive, discretionary program that focuses on existing bridges to reduce the overall number of bridges in poor condition, or in fair condition at risk of falling into poor condition. It also expands applicant eligibilities to create opportunity for all levels of government to be direct recipients of program funds. Alongside states and federal lands management agencies, metropolitan planning organizations and local and tribal governments can also apply directly to FHWA, making it easier to advance projects at the local level that meet community needs. For more information, visit: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bipartisan-infrastructure-law/bip factsheet.cfm. Railway -Highway Crossings Program (RHCP) The BIL continues the Railway -Highway Crossings Program (RHCP), which provides funds for safety improvements to reduce the number of fatalities, injuries, and crashes at public railway -highway grade crossings. Funds may be used to install or upgrade protective devices at railroad crossings, including gates, pedestrian crossings, signal systems, and signing. Funds may also be used to eliminate grade crossings by closing them or providing grade separation. For more information, visit https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bipartisan-infrastructure-law/nccp.cfm. 8.9.2 Washington State Transportation Revenue Services The Washington State Transportation Improvement Board (TIB) provides funding to foster investment in quality local government transportation projects. The TIB distributes grant funding from revenue generated by three cents of the State's gas tax to cities and counties for funding transportation projects. TIB administers several funding programs, each with its own set of criteria used to facilitate project selection. The project selection process for all programs is completed annually. The TIB programs are summarized below. TIB Urban Programs The TIB provides funding to cities within federally designated urban areas with a population greater than 5,000. For jurisdictions of this size, four state -funded grant programs are administered through TIB: • Urban Arterial Program (UAP) for road projects for urban agency construction projects that address safety, growth & development, physical condition, mobility, sustainability and constructability criteria; • Active Transportation Program (ATP) for projects which improve pedestrian and cyclist safety, enhance pedestrian and cyclist mobility and connectivity, or improve the condition of existing facilities; Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-145 Arterial Preservation Program (APP) to address declining street conditions for medium sized cities through overlay of federally classified arterial streets; Complete Streets Award is a funding opportunity for local governments that have an adopted complete streets ordinance. TIB Urban Program projects require financial participation by the local agency. Minimum local match requirements range from 10% to 20% depending on the assessed value of the local agency. Local match is typically a mixture of private and public funds. Projects are selected annually using a rating system based on criteria developed by TIB. TIB awards more than $70 million to new projects each year. The Snohomish County Tomorrow 2023 Growth Monitoring Report identified Sultan as one of Snohomish County's 11 "Cities and Towns," with a 2023 population estimate of 6,727. The City is eligible to compete for TIB Urban Program funds. For more information, visit: http://www.tib.wa.gov/grants/grants.cfm. Several other programs are administered by TIB including: • Route Jurisdiction Transfer Program (RJT) reviews petitions from cities, counties or WSDOT for additions of deletions from the state highway system. • Route Transfer Program (RTP) provides funding to offset extraordinary costs associated with the transfer of state highways to cities. Local Bridge Program This local bridge program includes funding from the NHPP and STBG for both on- and off -system bridges. Its purpose is to improve the condition of bridges through replacement, rehabilitation, and preventive maintenance. In 2023, the program awarded approximately $150 million in funding. For more information, visit: https://wsdot.wa.gov/business-wsdot/support-local-programs/funding- programs/local-bridge-program. Move Ahead Washington Railroad Crossing Program The Move Ahead Washington Railroad Crossing Grant Program provides up to $5 million in state funds to match federal funds for city and county projects which eliminate at -grade highway -rail crossings. For more information, visit: https://wsdot.wa.gov/business-wsdot/support-local-programs/funding- programs/move-ahead-washington-railroad-crossing-program. County Safety Program The County Safety program provides funding for projects that reduce fatal and serious injury crashes on county roads using engineering improvements/countermeasures. Projects are identified through each county's local road safety plan, that identifies and prioritizes projects based on the top crash type(s) in the county. Projects can be at intersection(s), spot or mid -block location(s), and/or on corridor(s) throughout a county or over wide areas within a county. For more information, visit: https://wsdot.wa.gov/business-wsdot/support-local-programs/funding-programs/highway-safety- improvement-program. City Safety Program The City Safety program provides funding for projects that reduce fatal and serious injury crashes on city/town streets and state highways using engineering improvements/countermeasures. For more information, visit: https://wsdot.wa.gov/business-wsdot/support-local-programs/funding- programs/highway-safety-improvement-program. The Pedestrian & Bicycle Safety Program The Pedestrian & Bicycle Safety Program was initiated to reduce the nearly 400 statewide fatal and injury collisions involving pedestrians and bicycles each year. Similar to the federal Safe Routes to School Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-146 Program, the purpose of the program is to aid public agencies in funding cost effective projects that improve pedestrian and bicycle safety through engineering, education and enforcement. For more information, visit: https://wsdot.wa.gov/business-wsdot/support-local-programs/funding- programs/pedestrian-bicycle-program. 8.9.3 Local Transportation Revenue Services Street Fund The Street Fund for the City is comprised of revenue from the motor vehicle excise fuel tax and a portion of property tax revenue. It is allocated to the City based on the number of residents within the corporate limits. These funds can be used only for road projects. Current Expense The City has supplemented the Street Fund with Current Expense money in previous years. Current Expense funds have many sources including business taxes, local retail sales and use tax, property taxes, and motor vehicle excise tax. Transportation Impact Fee Program In 2015 the City adopted a transportation impact fee, a financing tool which allows the collection of revenue to offset the traffic impacts of new development. The impact fee rate is based the net new PM peak hour trips generated by a development and is $6,063.94 per vehicle trip. Transportation Benefit District The City has established a Transportation Benefit District (TBD), an independent taxing district which is authorized to raise revenue for the preservation, maintenance, operation, and construction of transportation infrastructure. The TBD currently imposes a $20 vehicle license fee and a 0.1 percent sales tax. 8.9.4 Revenue Forecast The projected revenues for the City's Street Operation and Street Capital funds are shown in Table 8-19. The Transportation Benefit District and Transportation Impact Fees are expected to fund approximately 40 percent of capital improvements. An additional 8 percent of Transportation Capital Facilities Plan improvement funding is anticipated to come from SEPA mitigation fees, developer contributions and transfers in from other funding sources. The remainder of the Transportation Capital Facilities Plan will be funded by through grants and appropriations as needed. This strategy ensures that the City can accomplish the transportation plan and use the available funding options efficiently. The revenue forecast described in this section was prepared by projecting historical trends from the City's financial records. Table 8-19. Transportation Revenue Forecast, 2024 to 2044 Funding Source Description Revenue Forecast, Revenue Forecast, 2025-2044 ($) 2025-2044 (/) Street Operating Fund - Unrestricted Transportation $20 license fee $12,174,000 17.9% Benefit District (TBD) Licenses &Permits Right of way encroachment $200,000 0.3% permit fees Intergovernmental City Share of motor vehicle $6,473,000 9.5/ Revenue fuel tax (MVFT) Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-147 Fees for services rendered by Charges for Services transportation operations $440,000 0.6% staff including plan review and construction inspection Other sources of unrestricted Miscellaneous revenue (Property Tax $38,570,000 56.8% Allocated) Transfers to support Transfers/Other transportation operations, $10,000,000 14.7% maintenance and administration TOTAL - Street Operating Fund 67,857,000 100% Street Capital Fund - Restricted Transportation 0.1%sales tax $6,669,252 5.5% Benefit District (TBD) Transportation Fee per new vehicle trip $42,320,000 34.8% Impact Fee (TIF) Intergovernmental Grants &direct appropriations $62,218,748 ° 51.1/° Revenue Miscellaneous SEPA Mitigation fees, $500,000 0.4% developer contributions Transfers In Transfers to support capital $10,000,000 8.2% projects TOTAL - Street Capital Fund $121,708,000 100% 8.9.5 Capital Costs for Recommended Improvements Previous sections in this Element identified transportation capital improvement projects necessary to achieve the City's nonmotorized system vision and to maintain intersection and street segment Levels of Service through 2044, serving existing residents and businesses while supporting anticipated housing and employment growth. The total estimated cost of identified nonmotorized improvement projects is $209,290,000, and the total estimated cost of identified street segment and intersection capacity improvement projects is $121,708,000. These project lists contain significant overlap, with multiple projects serving both nonmotorized system vision and street segment or intersection capacity needs. The combined cost of the recommended transportation capital improvement projects, excluding duplicate projects, is $238,918,000. 8.9.6 Summary of Costs and Revenues Based on the revenues and costs listed above, the City's expected revenues are sufficient to support the projects required to maintain minimum street segment and intersection LOS standards through 2044. Additional revenue will need to be secured to fund proposed projects which provide nonmotorized improvements beyond maintaining minimum LOS standards. Table 8-20 summarizes the costs and revenues analyzed in the Transportation Element. The revenue forecast described herein assumes no additional debt issuances. However, if federal and state grant revenues fall short of the stated forecast, additional debt may be necessary to fully fund the transportation capital improvement project list. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-148 Table 8-20. Summary of Capital Costs and Revenues Category Total, 2025-2044 Projected Revenues $130,401,000 Predictable sources $59,489,252 Grant and other sources $70,911,748 Projected Expenditures $238,918,000 Street and Intersection Capacity Improvements $121,708,000 Nonmotorized-Only Improvements* $117,210,000 *Cost of remaining nonmotorized improvements which do not overlap with street and intersection capacity improvement projects In the event of a revenue shortfall, Port Orchard will need to reassess its projects transportation expenditures. Reassessment strategies may include reducing Level of Service standards or imposing a development moratorium until adequate transportation funding can be secured to maintain adopted LOS standards. 8.10 Intergovernmental Coordination The City of Port Orchard works to maintain positive relationships with neighboring jurisdictions, regional agencies and service providers, and state and federal governments. The City has a shared interest and concern in maintaining a vital local and regional economy, and a high quality of life for its citizens, which depend on transportation mobility across jurisdiction boundaries. The City has agreements in place that demonstrate its active commitment to working with Kitsap County, other regional partners and state and federal agencies to address transportation issues, share information and solve problems. The development and ongoing monitoring of the City's Comprehensive Plan demonstrates that commitment. The Growth Management Act requires that plans between neighboring jurisdictions maintain a level of consistency through coordination of planning efforts. Increasingly, Port Orchard's transportation system functions as an integral part of a larger regional system — of roadways, transit routes, park and ride lots, ferry routes, and non -motorized facilities that allow walking and/or biking the first and final mile and making connections in-between. The development of this Plan depended on land use forecasts provided by the Puget Sound Regional Council. Coordination efforts are expected to be ongoing with: Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) on the recommended revisions to the City's Roadway Functional Classification System, the addition of new truck routes to the state Freight and Goods Transportation System (FGTS), and needed improvements on designated State Routes within the city; Kitsap Transit on Transportation Demand Management activities by major employment sites, providing access to ferry and transit facilities and services, and on maintaining and expanding transit service quality within the City; Kitsap County to address the needs of travel across jurisdiction limits, including mitigating the impacts of land use development outside the City, providing for needed street improvements in annexation areas, and furthering the expansion of the regional non- motorized trail system. Lastly, the City anticipates a certification review of this Comprehensive Transportation Plan Element by the Puget Sound Regional Council to ensure its conformity with the adopted regional VISION 2050 plan. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-149 8.1 1 Equity Framework for Transportation Planning Vision Statement Port Orchard is committed to identifying and prioritizing transportation projects of benefit to disadvantaged populations and traditionally underserved communities, especially communities of color, populations with limited English proficiency, low-income communities, and persons with disabilities. Equity Goals The City aims to eliminate structural inequities in overburdened communities who have experienced disproportionate environmental, health, and mobility impacts and prioritize these populations for equitable distribution of transportation resources and benefits. The City will prioritize equity in transportation planning by ensuring that policies and programs are developed with an equity lens to eliminate disparities in transportation safety, access, and mobility. See Goals T-9 and T-10. Community Engagement The City will engage its overburdened and disadvantaged populations through meaningful and inclusive public participation processes to reach people of color, low-income groups, persons with disabilities/disability service providers, and populations with limited English proficiency. It will also engage community members who depend on walking, bicycling, public transit or other assisted modes of transportation for trips to daily destinations. Transportation Equity Impact Assessment There is no single tool, dataset, or method for integrating equity considerations into transportation planning. In the context of transportation, equity needs identification frequently focuses on system deficiencies (such as level of service mitigation) or geographic dispersion and can overlook the needs of specific underserved populations. Current best practices recommend engaging multiple perspectives to first understand a community's existing demographics and inequities and then identify and prioritize projects to address them. According to the US Census Bureau's 2022 American Community Survey 5-year Estimates, the City of Port Orchard has the following demographic trends relative to Washington State as a whole: • Poverty: 12.1% of the population meets the poverty threshold, which is higher than 10.3% statewide. • Language: 9.7% of homes have a language spoken other than English, which is lower than 21.5% statewide. • Persons of Color: Port Orchard includes small numbers of Hispanic or Latino, Asian, Black or African American, and American Indian and Alaska Native, people of two or more races, or some other race (comparison to statewide unavailable). • Older Population by Age: 14.2%of the population is 65 years and older, which is lower than 17.1% statewide. • Disability: 12.4% of the population has a disability, which is less than 13.9% statewide. • Veteran Status: 15.9% of the population are veterans. This is more than double than 7.6% statewide. Another source of information is the Puget Sound Regional Council's (PSRQ Opportunity Mapping Report, that identifies Port Orchard census tracts with a transportation opportunity score of "low" or ,'very low" as compared to the PSRC regional average for presence of and access to resources. Yet another source of information is the Washington Environmental Health Disparities Map produced by the WA State Department of Health. The tool estimates cumulative environmental health impact scores for each census tract reflecting pollutant exposures and factors that affect people's vulnerability to Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-150 environmental pollution. Nineteen "vulnerability" factors inform the cumulative index score and include socioeconomic factors of race/ethnicity, population living in poverty, primary language other than English, and transportation expense, among other factors. According to this equity index, census tract 53035092200 which includes downtown Port Orchard ranks a 7 out of 10 overall, 8 out of 10 for the Socioeconomic factors' subgroup, and 8 out of 10 for population living in poverty (<_185% of federal poverty level). These demographics indicate underserved populations exist in Port Orchard and transportation project selection and prioritization should include considerations for the transportation needs for these vulnerable groups across Port Orchard, particularly in census tract 53035092200. Regular Review and Reporting The City commits to reviewing the equity impact assessment tools, data, and methods it employs to ensure equity considerations remain relevant and integral to the comprehensive planning process with respect to transportation planning. Documentation of ADA Transition Plan barrier removal is one such form of reporting that is recommended on an annual basis. 8.12 Transportation Goal and Policies The transportation goal and policies described below establish the vision for this Transportation Element and support the overall vision of the Comprehensive Plan. These goals and policies are organized under the categories local and regional transportation planning, supporting the economy, protecting the environment, and facilitating innovation. These policies are consistent with the Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC) VISION 2050 Multicounty Planning Policies. T Goal 1. The City of Port Orchard has a sustainable, equitable, affordable, safe, and efficient multimodal transportation system that promotes vitality of the economy, environment, and health. Local and Regional Transportation Planning Policy T-1 Maintain and operate transportation systems to provide safe, efficient, and reliable movement of people goods, and services. Policy T-2 Protect the investment in the existing system and lower overall lifecycle costs through effective maintenance and preservation programs. Policy T-3 Reduce the need for new capital improvements through investments in operations, pricing programs, demand management strategies, and system management activities that improve the efficiency of the current system. Policy T-4 Improve the safety of the transportation system and, in the long term, achieve the state's goal of zero deaths and serious injuries. Policy T-5 Develop a transportation system that minimizes negative impacts to, and promotes, human health. Policy T-6 Pursue alternative transportation financing methods such as user fees, tolls, and other pricing mechanisms to fund the maintenance, improvement, preservation, and operation of the transportation system. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-151 Policy T-7 Fund, complete, and operate the highly efficient, multimodal system described in the Comprehensive Plan. Coordinate with WSDOT, regional, and nearby local agencies, in collaboration with the state legislature, to build the multimodal system. Policy T-8 Strategically expand capacity and increase efficiency of the transportation system to move goods, services, and people throughout Port Orchard. Focus on investments that produce the greatest net benefits to people and minimize the environmental impacts of transportation. Policy T-9 Implement transportation programs and projects that provide access to opportunities while preventing or mitigating negative impacts to people of color, people with low incomes, and people with special transportation needs. Policy T-10 Ensure mobility choices for people with special transportation needs, including persons with disabilities, seniors, youth, and people with low incomes. Policy T-11 Design, construct, and operate a safe and convenient transportation system for all users while accommodating the movement of freight and goods, using best practices and context sensitive design strategies. Policy T-12 Emphasize transportation investments that provide and encourage alternatives to single -occupancy vehicle travel and increase travel options. Policy T-13 Increase the proportion of trips made by transportation modes that are alternatives to driving alone by ensuring availability of reliable and competitive transit options. Policy T-14 Integrate transportation systems to make it easy for people and freight to move from one mode or technology to another. Policy T-15 Prioritize investments in transportation facilities and services in the urban growth area that support compact, pedestrian- and transit -oriented densities and development. Policy T-16 Improve local street patterns — including their design and how they are used — for walking, bicycling, and transit use to enhance communities, connectivity, and physical activity. Policy T-17 Promote and incorporate bicycle and pedestrian travel as important modes of transportation by providing facilities and navigable connections, including connected and protected bike and pedestrian pathways where contextually appropriate. Policy T-18 Promote coordination with developers to ensure that mixed -use developments are designed in a way that improves overall mobility and accessibility to and within such development. Policy T-19 Design transportation facilities to fit within the context of the built or natural environments in which they are located. Supporting the Economy Policy T-20 Make transportation investments that improve economic and living conditions so that industries and skilled workers continue to be retained and attracted to Port Orchard. Policy T-21 Improve key facilities connecting Port Orchard to the regional transportation network to support the economic vitality of the city. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-152 Policy T-22 Ensure the freight system supports the growing needs of global trade and state, regional and local distribution of goods and services. Policy T-23 Maintain and improve the existing multimodal freight transportation system in the region to increase reliability, efficiency, and mobility, and prepare for continuing growth in freight and goods movement. Protecting the Environment Policy T-24 Provide infrastructure sufficient to support widespread electrification of the transportation system. Policy T-25 Advance the resilience of the transportation system by incorporating redundancies, preparing for disasters and other impacts, and coordinated planning for system recovery. Policy T-26 Reduce stormwater pollution from transportation facilities and improve fish passage, through retrofits and updated design standards. Where feasible, integrate with other improvements to achieve multiple benefits and cost efficiencies. Facilitating Innovation Policy T-27 Prepare for changes in transportation technologies and mobility patterns, to support Port Orchard with a sustainable and efficient transportation system. Policy T-28 Be responsive to changes in mobility patterns and needs for both people and goods, and encourage partnerships with the private sector, where applicable. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 8-153 Chapter 9 Capital Facilities 9.1 Introduction This periodic update to the Capital Facilities Element of the 2024 Comprehensive Plan provides information about the City's existing facilities and plans for future facilities needed to service the growing population. The Capital Facilities Element helps guide the City in providing appropriate facilities and desirable levels of service to its residents and businesses. The Capital Facilities Element reviews the general requirements and available funding, connects capital facilities planning to other functional plans, and reviews goals and policies that guide planning. It also provides an overview of the current capital facility portfolio and identifies future needs and investments for the next six years. Capital Facilities Vision The City of Port Orchard owns and manages a variety of capital facilities, which include roads, parks, utility Provide outstanding capital facilities to systems, police facilities, and administrative buildings. In serve a growing and changing city, addition to the facilities owned and managed by the City, there are publicly owned capital facilities managed by other entities. These include, but are not limited to, schools, library, sewage treatment, and public transit. Privately owned utilities (electrical, natural gas, and telecommunications) conduct their own planning processes and maintain their own system plans. The City influences private system planning through its authority to regulate land uses and its obligation to develop and maintain a Comprehensive Plan. The state requires the City to demonstrate comprehensive and coordinated planning for all capital facilities serving the City's residents, businesses, and community. The Public Facilities and Services Goal of the Growth Management Act (GMA) requires that the public facilities and services necessary to support development shall be adequate at the time of occupancy and use, without decreasing service levels below locally established minimum standards. Kitsap County's Countywide Planning Policies also require the City to have a plan that ensures adequate facilities and services are or will be available to serve the City's employment and population growth allocations. If limited funding or other circumstances would prevent the city from providing adequate facilities and services, the GMA requires the city to re-evaluate the Land Use Element and make sure that plans for capital facilities and land use are consistent. Ensuring that public facilities are available when growth occurs is critical to the quality of life for Port Orchard's residents, businesses, and visitors. The implementation of the Capital Facilities Element and related plans will help realize the community's vision for community facilities, as well as the vision and goals of the Land Use Element. This Element also functions in coordination with the Comprehensive Plan's Utilities, Parks, and Transportation Elements and functional system plans for water, wastewater, and stormwater. These are discussed in more detail in Section 9-3. Capital facilities and functional plans guide planning and budgetary decisions. A list of capital facility improvements planned in the next six years are described in Section 9-3. The functional plans provide a complete facility inventory, as well as needs, projected costs, and funding sources. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-154 9.2 Financial Overview The City strategically manages community resources and carefully balances investments in new facilities and infrastructure with costs to maintain and operate existing facilities. Identifying costs and funding for capital projects planned in the next six years supports the development of the City's annual budget and provides a path toward implementing facility projects. The Capital Facilities Element uses many revenue sources to fund the capital improvement projects, including sales tax, business and occupation tax, utility rates, state revenues, bonds, and grants. Impact fees and other specific revenues allowed under the Growth Management Act also offer potential funding sources. A partial list of capital facilities funding sources and financing tools is included below: Tax Revenue Bonds • Property Tax • General Obligation Bonds • Retail Sales and Use Tax • Revenue Bonds • Business License Fees • Levy Lid Lift • Real Estate Excise Taxes Federal Funding Programs • Utility Tax (Electric, Water, Sewer, Refuse, Stormwater, Natural Gas, • Surface Transportation Program (STP) Telephone) • Transportation Alternatives Program • Other tax revenue may include lodging (TAP) excise taxes, admission tax, liquor tax, • Highway Bridge Program (HBP) transportation benefit district (TBD), • Highway Safety Improvement Program and motor vehicle fuel taxes (HSIP) • Safe Route to School Program (SRTS) Impact Fees • Transportation, Community, and • Transportation Impact Fees System Preservation (TCSP) Program • Park Impact Fees • Recreational Trails Program • School Impact Fees (Transferred to • Community Development Block Grants South Kitsap School District pursuant to • Energy Retrofits for Public Buildings — Interlocal Agreement) Department of Commerce Enterprise Activities • Public Works Board funding — Department of Commerce • System Development Fees (Capital • Climate Pollution Reduction Grants Facility Charges, General Facility Fees, etc.) Washington State Funding Programs • Water User Fees/Rates • Washington State Transportation • Sewer User Fees/Rates Improvement Board • Stormwater Utility Fees/Rates • The Pedestrian Bicycle Safety Program • Public Works Board funding — Department of Commerce Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-155 9.3 Planning Connections Capital improvement recommendations are drawn primarily from City leadership and the functional plans specific to each City department or facility type. Water, sewer, and stormwater have specific requirements according to state and federal law and planning for parks and recreation facilities is included in a parks focused functional plan. Each plan contains a system inventory and a forecast of demand and capacity based on population and regulatory mandates. The functional plans identify capital investments that replace or maintain existing facilities for continued service required to meet future demand for at least a 20-year period. The plans also define the customer service level for each facility and provide system -specific operating policies. Planning for capital facilities also coordinates with other agency efforts. For example, Port Orchard's capital facilities plan considers Kitsap County's plans to redevelop the governmental campus, invest in transportation infrastructure, etc. 9.4 Functional Plans The Capital Facilities Element highlights recommendations from the City's functional plans in the table below. These plans are adopted into the Capital Facilities Element by reference. Table 9-1. Functional Plan Update Schedule FUNCTIONAL PLAN UPDATE FREQUENCY Water System Plan (2021) 10-year cycle, as needed Provides a basis for six -year capital improvement planning and forecasts 20-year needs General Sewer System Plan (2016) 6-10-year cycle, as needed Addresses aging infrastructure and system expansion to accommodate development; updates policies and practices, data, finances, and growth forecasts; Recommends improvements for the City's wastewater system Stormwater and Watersheds Comprehensive Plan (2023) 6-10-year cycle, as needed Establishes the city's storm and surface water policy Parks, Recreation & Open Space (PROS) Plan (2022) 6-10-year cycle, as needed Recommends 20-year capital project projects to guide growth and development of Port Orchard's parks and open space system. Transportation Improvement Program (2025) every 1-2 years, as needed Identifies improvements to the City's transportation network planned for the next six years as well as within a twenty-year horizon 9.5 Future Needs While there are unique challenges in each functional area, aging infrastructure, compliance with new laws and regulations, and increased demand for services impact all Port Orchard's capital facilities plans. Aging Infrastructure. Some of Port Orchard's capital facilities are aging or inadequate for current service needs and will require repairs and replacement over the next 20 years. The costs of replacing utility infrastructure, roads, and municipal buildings can be substantial and take years to plan and implement. To get an accurate picture of capital facility needs, Port Orchard will conduct a comprehensive facility condition assessment (FCA). The FCA will highlight current deficiencies at the systems and facility level Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-156 and projected repairs needed over the long term. It could include recommendations to prioritize preventative maintenance and develop a feasible schedule to address capital facility needs. The FCA is a critical first step to improve the way Port Orchard manages, maintains, and funds its capital facilities to be more resilient and cost-effective. New Laws and Regulations. Changing state and federal mandates governing capital facilities systems require the City to monitor and review its systems to ensure compliance. For example, requirements for implementing projects, programs, and maintenance continue to evolve and are more stringent than in 2007 when the City received its first National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Municipal Stormwater Permit (NPDES), a Federal Clean Water Act mandate that affects programs citywide. The City operates in accordance with the 2024-2029 General Permit (Ecology 2024). The 2024 General permit includes numerous requirements including but not limited to the adoption of the 2024 Stormwater Manual for Western Washington; updates to the City's development regulation, operations, mapping, and public outreach; and a source control, inspection, and reporting program. The City intends to comply with all 2024 General Permit conditions in accordance with the timelines specified therein. Increased Demand. Capital facility investments will also be needed to ensure the City continues to deliver the high -quality municipal services customers expect and keep pace as the community grows and changes. Increased demand for services will also require investing in capital facilities across all functional areas. To plan to meet future service demands, the City should conduct a citywide facilities study. Building on findings from the facility condition assessment, this plan will assess current and future space needs, recommend investments to address critical near -term deficiencies, and develop an implementation strategy to provide facilities needed to serve the Port Orchard community into the future. This plan will consider facilities investments to better serve the community that could potentially include expanding the downtown civic campus, investing in appropriately sized public works and police facilities, and increasing investments in maintenance and operations of City parks and throughout the portfolio. Partner Efforts. The Port Orchard community benefits from its proximity to centers for recreation, open space, and sports fields outside City limits and/or owned and managed by other agencies or groups, such as the South Kitsap School District and Kitsap County. Creating and strengthening regional partnerships enable Port Orchard and its partners to provide greater facilities and opportunities than would be possible alone. The City should coordinate with and support these non -city service providers, such as school districts, libraries, and solid waste processors, as they plan for new or improved facilities, for example Kitsap County's campus redevelopment. The City of Port Orchard is already working with Kitsap County and other nearby jurisdictions to implement the 2001 Mosquito Fleet Trail Master Plan to expand a regional water trail including shoreline access with launch points, rest areas, and parking facilities. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-157 9.6 Capital Facilities Goals and Policies The goals and policies for Port Orchard's capital facilities align with the Comprehensive Plan vision and build on the goals and policies in each Element. CF Goal 1. Ensure that infrastructure, facilities, and services are adequate to meet present and future needs. Policy CF-1 Establish minimum levels of service (LOS) and regularly monitor and update standards for staffing and public facilities to reflect community preferences for quality -of -service delivery and align with functional plans. Correct LOS deficiencies through capital improvements. Policy CF-2 Require that urban level facilities and services are provided prior to or concurrent with development. These services include, but are not limited to, transportation infrastructure, parks, potable water supply, sewage disposal, stormwater and surface water management, and solid waste management. Policy CF-3 Facilitate adequate planning for services and facilities by coordinating with utility providers on annual updates of population, employment, and development projections. Encourage providers to improve accessibilityto public services by making information available, convenient, and complete. Policy CF-4 Address disparities in historically underserved populations by ensuring transportation, utilities, telecommunications, and other infrastructure are equitably distributed and maintained, and that siting or expansion of essential public facilities does not unduly affect any one group of people or geographic area. Policy CF-5 Maintain an inventory of existing capital facilities owned by public entities. Policy CF-6 Acquire property sufficient to provide capital facilities at established levels of service, according to the deficiencies and needs provided in the City's functional plans. Policy CF-7 Ensure that new growth and development pay a fair, proportionate share of the cost for facilities needed to serve such growth and development. Seek to reduce the per unit cost of facilities and services by coordinating improvements such as utilities and roads and encouraging urban intensity development within the City and Urban Growth Areas. CF Goal 2. Leverage facilities investments to efficiently use public resources and improve quality of life. Policy CF-8 Direct growth within the community where adequate public facilities exist or can be efficiently provided when feasible. Policy CF-9 Encourage the joint use of utility corridors for open space and non -motorized pathways and trails, provided that such joint use is consistent with limitations prescribed by applicable law and prudent utility practice. Coordinate and cooperate with other jurisdictions to encourage cooperative planning of future facilities, reduce redundancy, and implement multijurisdictional utility facility expansions and improvements. Policy CF-10 Explore opportunities to acquire land to serve the public and municipal purposes. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-158 Policy CF-11 Consider developing multi -use facilities that can serve more than one public need. Explore opportunities for public/private partnerships and funding sources that could provide a mix of public facilities and other uses such as commercial and residential within the same development, where appropriate. Policy CF-12 Consider investing in sidewalks, trails, and other capital facilities that enhance walkability in an effort to reduce health disparities and improve well-being and quality of life. Policy CF-13 Design and locate capital facility improvements to reduce crime risks and optimize public safety through increased visibility at joint use facilities (e.g., streets, public buildings, etc.). Policy CF-14 Ensure that site selection, construction, operation, and maintenance of capital facilities is environmentally sensitive, safe and reliable, aesthetically compatible with surrounding land uses, economical to consumers, and does not adversely impact vulnerable populations. CF Goal 3. Equitably engage with the community around capital facilities planning. Policy CF-15 Provide meaningful inclusive opportunities for community involvement in the planning of capital facilities, prioritizing the inclusion of historically underrepresented populations. Policy CF-16 Coordinate with local Tribes in planning capital facilities, especially in areas with cultural significance. Policy CF-17 Encourage public awareness and consult public input when considering the need for and proposed locations of new public facilities. CF Goal 4. Develop and maintain adequate and convenient parks, recreation, and open space areas and facilities for all age groups to serve both the existing and future population of Port Orchard and surrounding areas. Policy CF-18 Encourage private property owners and developers to donate public trail access and parcels for park development in areas identified for future municipal parks and trail connections. Policy CF-19 Increase the size and number of parks and open spaces by providing input on development plans for public parks within Port Orchard's Urban Growth Boundary. Policy CF-20 Reevaluate the City's park impact fee at least every four years to ensure that the fee is appropriate based on the City's LOS for parks acquisition, improvement, and maintenance. Policy CF-21 Collaborate with Kitsap County to explore forming a Municipal Parks District to help fund and develop community and neighborhood scale parks throughout the city and Urban Growth Area. Policy CF-22 Encourage implementation of the City's PROS Plan that outlines a citywide system of trails that will serve park, recreation, and open space needs. Link a system of trails between neighborhoods and parks, school sites, and other public property. Utilize public lands and existing rights -of -way for trail purposes whenever feasible. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-159 Policy CF-23 Place interpretive signs along trails to encourage community, historical, and environmental awareness, and place distance markers along the trail for walkers and runners. Policy CF-24 Create new parks in recently annexed areas and update existing parks within newly annexed portions of the City. Policy CF-25 In conjunction with partners, develop the Port Orchard Community Events Center as a recreational and civic amenities hub for Port Orchard and the South Kitsap region. CF Goal S. Ensure that an adequate water supply is available to support the level of population growth and land development projected within the City. Policy CF-26 Maintain water system facilities and drinking water quality in accordance with State and Federal standards to ensure the high quality of drinking water and level of service is provided to all customers while maximizing the life of facilities to protect the investment of ratepayers. Policy CF-27 Provide adequate water for high quality domestic and fire protection service within the retail service area. Policy CF-28 Utilize City -owned and operated sources of supply to maximize efficiency and cost effectiveness of the water system. Policy CF-29 Construct new facilities as required to serve the existing and future populations of the established water service area and South Kitsap Urban Growth Area. Policy CF-30 Interconnect the City's main water system with the independent facilities serving the City's 580 and 660 Pressure Zones (McCormick Woods System). This will allow for combining the two existing systems under one water system identification number. Policy CF-31 Encourage, implement, and maintain land use and water use efficiency and conservation programs to discourage water waste, promote the prudent use of water resources, and support protection of habitat and the environment. Policy CF-32 Work with neighboring water utilities, participate in regional water planning efforts to establish common goals of uniform water system standards, and facilitate coordination of efforts toward the adequate provision of water service throughout the region. Policy CF-33 Revise water service boundaries in cases where the designated water service provider cannot provide timely or reasonable service. Policy CF-34 Ensure that land uses permitted in aquifer recharge areas do not lead to contamination of water resources. Policy CF-35 Encourage new developments adjacent to properties with private wells or existing septic systems to connect to the City's water system or, if not feasible, ensure that adverse impacts to existing wells or septic systems from new development is avoided or mitigated. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-160 CF Goal 6. Provide safe, reliable, and timely sewer service to consumers at a fair and reasonable price. Policy CF-36 Coordinate construction of sewage improvements with other utilities. The City shall require all new development to connect to public sewer and water systems, unless physically or financially infeasible. CF Goal 7. Ensure that all utility and transportation infrastructure expansion provides an adequate level of public service to support new development and is consistent with current land use plans and development regulations. Policy CF-37 Utilize best construction methods and practices and innovative techniques in the design and construction of utilities. Policy CF-38 Evaluate, monitor, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the construction and operation of capital facilities. Policy CF-39 Whenever possible, utility construction should be scheduled to minimize disruption of access to area residences and businesses. Policy CF-40 Schedule utility construction activities to avoid sensitive times in the lifecycle of fish and wildlife, such as spawning, nesting, and migration. CF Goal 8. Minimize development related impacts to existing hydrologic conditions and functions and strive to correct current deficiencies resulting from past development practices such as stormwater-related flooding. Policy CF-41 Identify areas within and adjacent to the City and its UGA which are highly sensitive to changes in hydrologic conditions and functions. Within these highly sensitive areas, establish standards that provide for near zero change in hydraulic and hydrologic function on a property, such as no net increase in the peak flow or volume of runoff or erosion products leaving a site post- development. Policy CF-42 Encourage Low Impact Development (LID) strategies for stormwater management through incentives and flexibility in application of regulatory requirements. Policy CF-43 Utilize new inventories of flood hazard -prone properties in the decision -making process to prioritize stormwater system improvements. Policy CF-44 Coordinate the basin planning process with the community planning process to address surface water runoff and flooding issues. Policy CF-45 Integrate public regional stormwater detention and retention facilities into the natural environment. Policy CF-46 Recognize that regional facilities can provide aesthetics, recreation, and fish and wildlife habitat in a community park -like or open space setting. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-161 CF Goal 9. Support provision of adequate, timely, and efficient fire protection and emergency medical service within the City. Policy CF-47 Coordinate with South Kitsap Fire and Rescue on planning for the location of new fire stations to ensure that they are dispersed throughout the City and located near areas of high population concentration. Policy CF-48 Encourage consolidation of duplicate services between fire districts and other entities to use resources more effectively. CF Goal 10. Coordinate land use and school district capital facilities planning. Policy CF-49 Recognize that schools provide a unifying social and physical amenity that are a key focus for successful neighborhoods. Encourage elementary schools to be located in or near neighborhood centers and middle schools, junior high schools and senior high schools to be located near community centers, including the McCormick Village Center. Policy CF-50 Support the South Kitsap School District School Board in maintaining and funding individual school levels of service as adopted and encourage proactive coordination around growth trends to support the district's demand forecasting (e.g. sharing permitting application data), in accordance with the City's intent to provide adequate school facilities for the community. Policy CF-51 Coordinate with the South Kitsap School District to develop strategies to ensure that students are not forced to attend a school outside their neighborhood. Policy CF-52 Review annual reports and update school impact fees as needed. Policy CF-53 Explore opportunities to develop joint use facilities with the South Kitsap School District, such as recreational and community center facilities. Develop neighborhood parks adjacent to school sites whenever possible to promote facility sharing. Facilities on the neighborhood park site should supplement uses that the school does not provide such as trails, open space, picnic areas, playground equipment, and multi -purpose paved sport courts. 9.6 Capital Facilities This section addresses capital facilities in the following four categories: Administration and Community Facilities 2. Public Safety Facilities 3. Public Works Facilities 4. Parks Facilities Each section contains a capital facilities inventory, summarizes key context and issues, recommends improvements, and proposes projects for the next six -year planning period, with estimated costs and potential funding sources. 9.7.1 Administration and Community Facilities This section first covers the facilities supporting City administration and the overall community. It also briefly covers the Fire Protection and Schools, community facilities that are owned and maintained by partner agencies. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-162 Inventory City Hall (includes Police Station & Municipal Court) LocationFacility 216 Prospect St . 28,370 720 Prospect Street Facility (DCD) 720 Prospect St 2,925 Library 87 Sidney Ave 8,586 730 Prospect Street Facility (Kitsap County Prosecutor) 730 Prospect St 8,028 Employee Parking Lot (Gravel) 213 & 215 Prospect Street 6,500 Existing Conditions City Hall City Hall has served as the primary municipal building for Port Orchard's administrative functions since it was built in 1999. The building is approximately 28,370 square feet with three stories and a partial fourth floor. The first floor is occupied by the Police Department and the second floor by the Mayor's Office, City Clerk, Public Works Administration, and Finance. The City Council Chambers and Municipal Court are located on the third floor. Public Works operations staff are located in the Public Works Shop. Refer to Public Works Facilities and Public Safety Facilities sections for more information. Figure 9-1. City Hall City Hall is in good condition for its age and was renovated in =_'Ii1L� 2024 to address needed repairs, security, and ADA accessibility, = � Miami and improve the first floor. Condition and improvement � � information for the first floor is discussed in the Public Safety 1 —10 Facilities section. Even with these improvements, functional R issues remain, including security concerns, challenging wayfinding, and limited parking. There is also not enough work and support space; for example, breakrooms have been repurposed as workspace and the Community Development Department was relocated due to space limitations. Municipal Court is rightsized to accommodate future growth. Planning for City Hall should consider the space needed to accommodate future growth and the operational efficiency gained by co -locating all departments. In response to a need for a new community event center and aligned with Policy CF-25, the City is in the process of designing the new Port Orchard Community Event Center. This new facility would have rentable event space for community programming. Designs also include space for the library to relocate. The City's Council Chambers could also be relocated if supported by leadership, which would free up space for use in City Hall. See the Library section below for more information on existing conditions and needs. 720 Prospect Street Facility The Department of Community Development (DCD) is in two facilities, one located adjacent to City Hall at 720 Prospect Street with Building, Code Enforcement, and Parking Enforcement functions (as well as the City's IT department), and one at 600 Kitsap Street with Planning functions. The Kitsap Street facility is leased. The Prospect Street facility is undersized for current and future operations and in fair condition, requiring maintenance to address age -related needs such as upgrades to the HVAC system. The division Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-163 of staff between two buildings and separation from City Hall creates communication and operational inefficiencies. There is limited parking and City vehicles are parked at City Hall. The public interface also requires patrons to go between the Prospect Street facility and City Hall to complete applications. For pedestrians passing between these two buildings, there are no crosswalks and limited ADA compliance. A downtown government campus master plan is needed to plan the long-term use of this site. Library Built in 1960, the City -owned library building houses the local branch of the Kitsap Public Library. The building is nearing the end of its useful life, is costly to maintain, and requires upgrades or relocation of the library functions. A 2020 site selection process identified a site for the new library and community events center. 730 Prospect Street Facility In 2024, the City purchased the building located at 730 Prospect Street that includes 20 surface parking spaces and houses the Kitsap County Prosecutor Family Support Division. The Kitsap County Prosecutor plans to relocate to the new County Courthouse Campus in the long term, and this building can be repurposed to support the City's staffing and employee parking needs as it grows. A downtown government campus master plan is needed to plan for the long-term use of this site. Figure 9-2. Kitsap Regional Library's Port Orchard branch Future Needs As Port Orchard's population has grown, City staffing has increased to maintain service standards and meet basic functional requirements. The following investments are needed: • In accordance with Policy CF-14, perform required maintenance at all administrative and community facilities. Consider conducting a facilities condition assessment to document current conditions and near- and long-term maintenance needs for all capital facilities. Develop a downtown government campus master plan to plan for the long-term use of the City's downtown offices and property. • Invest in the following near -term projects: o Improve wayfinding at City Hall by installing a centralized reception kiosk and improved signage. o Increase security by adding lighting and safety features around exits and limiting publicly accessible areas. o Aligned with Policy CF-10, consider paving gravel lots, acquiring property, or constructing structured parking to increase available staff and public parking. Provide ADA-accessible parking near public entrances. The block that includes 640 Bay Street should be considered for this purpose, consistent with the Downtown Subarea Plan. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-164 o As space becomes available, add staff work and support space, including workstations, break rooms, and a lactation room. • As part of a citywide facilities plan, estimate future staff and operational space needs to guide near -term improvements and property acquisition as well as longer term investments. Encourage public awareness and input as stated in Policies CF-15 and CF-17. Endeavor to accommodate future needs, consolidate staff to improve operational efficiency, address accessibility, and other functional challenges. Aligned with Policy CF-11, consider developing multi -use facilities and partnering opportunities to meet public need. Consider Police Department needs and coordinate with plans; see the Public Safety Facilities section. • As the City designs the Port Orchard Community Event Center, consider relocating the Council Chambers as an interim or long-term solution to free up space at City Hall and improve security. Relocate the library to the event center and determine the best use for the current property. Priority Investments Maintaining and strategically planning for Administration and Community capital facilities are the priorities for the next six years. Funding Source City Grant Unfunded 6-Year Total City Hall Renovations 11,300,000 11,300,000 Facility Condition Assessment 100,000 100,000 730 Prospect Street 2,000,000 2,000,000 Citywide Facilities Plan 200,000 200,000 Downtown Government Campus Master Plan 100,000 100,000 Acquire Property for Government Campus 500,000 500,000 Downtown Parking Structure (including property acquisition) 2,000,000 2,000,000 TOTAL 13,300,000 2,900,000 16,200,000 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-165 Expenditures Prior Years City Hall Renovations 3,577,775 2024-2030 Expenditures Total 7,722,225 11,300,000 Facility Condition Assessment 100,000 100,000 730 Prospect Street 2,000,000 2,000,000 Citywide Facilities Plan 200,000 200,000 Downtown Government Campus Master Plan 100,000 100,000 Acquire Property for Government Campus 500,000 500,000 Downtown Parking Structure (including property acquisition) 2,000,000 2,000,000 TOTAL 3,577,775 12,622,225 16,200,000 9.7.2 Fire and Schools Fire Protection The City of Port Orchard formerly maintained its own Municipal Fire Department. In 1998, that department was merged with Kitsap County Fire District 7, which served the greater South Kitsap area. In 2005, Kitsap County Fire District 7 was renamed South Kitsap Fire and Rescue to better represent the communities it serves. There are currently two staffed fire stations located within the City of Port Orchard: Station 17, located at 7990 McCormick Woods Drive SW, and Station 31, at 200 Tremont Street. Figure 9-3. Tremont Fire Station More information on Fire Protection levels of service can be found in South Kitsap Fire and Rescue's Strategic Positioning Plan 2021-2023. Schools The South Kitsap School District provides public education to Kindergarten through 12th Grade for the residents of Port Orchard and the South Kitsap area. It serves 9,112 students. The facilities include ten elementary (K-5) schools, three middle schools (6-8) schools, one high school, one alternative high school, and an academy that encourages family involvement. One elementary school, Sidney Glen, is located within Port Orchard City limits, as is one middle school (Cedar Heights), and South Kitsap High School and Explorer Academy. The School District owns property at the northwest corner Figure 9-4. Aerial view of South Kitsap High School Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-166 of Old Clifton Road and Feigley Road in the McCormick Village Center that was acquired for future school facilities. The site is large enough to accommodate two schools, including a second high school and a middle or elementary school. The South Kitsap School District Capital Facilities Plan can provide more information on the facilities and plans to improve them. It is adopted by reference as a part of this document. Inventory LocationFacility City Hall Police Station 216 Prospect St 5,500 SF Police Shooting Range & Storage 1278 Lloyd Parkway 13.2 acres In addition to the facilities above, Fire Station #7 operates as the operations center in case of an emergency. This facility is owned by the City and leased and operated by South Kitsap Fire and Rescue. Existing Conditions City Hall The Police Department occupies 5,500 square feet of the first floor of City Hall. While 2024 renovations will maximize space use and improve some operations, they will not address many critical needs or add space to accommodate long- term growth. To alleviate the severely limited space in the near term, some staff are located in a secure off -site leased space. Like the administrative department, most support space has been converted to offices or workspace. Storage space is also inadequate; many areas have been repurposed as storage, such as the sallyport. Police officers have take-home vehicles, but there is no secured parking area for staff vehicles and inadequate parking for department meetings. Figure 9-5. Police offices on ground floor of City Hall In addition to City Hall, the Police rent a 3,000 square foot warehouse for tactical training and storage. This facility is also used to process vehicles for evidence prior to moving them to long-term storage. Police Shooting Range and Storage The police shooting range provides a safe location for officers to train and practice using firearms. The range is aging, in poor condition, and in need of maintenance investments, including lane resurfacing and roof replacement. There is a Conex box on -site that offers limited storage, but the site lacks bathroom facilities. There is also concern the outdoor range may cause increased noise disturbance as the surrounding residential areas grow. Long-term storage is located in a fenced area on the same parcel adjacent to the Public Works Operations Yard. Figure 9-6. Shooting range Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-167 Future Needs The Police department has grown a lot in recent years and expects to increase staff aligned with the City's population growth. Many Public Safety facilities are aging with most not sized to accommodate current staff or future growth. Continued operations to meet Port Orchard's needs rely on the following steps: • Review operations and establish level of service standards, where appropriate to assess current and future needs. The plan should consider workload, geography, and Port Orchard community needs. Once current and future staffing goals are in place, space needs can be assessed in accordance with Policy CF-13, to determine the facility space needed to support the Police department into the future. • Incorporate plans to construct a Public Safety facility to accommodate future staff and operations into the citywide facilities plan. Provide secure fleet parking, co -locate large vehicle evidence storage, and determine the future use of the long-term evidence storage property. If possible, include tactical training space and an indoor shooting range. Consider building in a central location free from natural hazards. Purchase property when feasible or use existing City property for a new facility as outlined in Policies CF-6 and CF-14. Encourage public awareness and input as stated in Policies CF-15 and CF-17. • If unable to include in a new Public Safety facility, modernize the existing range by covering and resurfacing lanes and upgrading parking; install sanitation, water, and electric utilities; and add secure storage, classroom space, and a firearm cleaning station. Priority Investments Funding and expenditures for the needs assessment, facilities plan, and Police Station renovations are included with financing for City Hall renovations; refer to the Priority Investments chart in the Administration and Community Facilities section. There are no other major investments budgeted for Public Safety in the six -year planning period. 9.7.3 Public Works Facilities The City of Port Orchard and the Public Works Department owns, operates, and maintains infrastructure to provide drinking water, sewer, stormwater, and surface water services to its residents and businesses. Investment in this infrastructure is necessary for continued delivery of utility services that are critical for human health and safety, economic development, as well as supporting a sustainable, healthy environment. Capital facility investments help to ensure that the City can continue to deliver the high - quality municipal utility services customers expect. This section first covers the general facilities supporting staff and then briefly covers the individual utilities. See the Utilities Element or individual functional plans for more detailed utility information. Inventory Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-168 Existing Conditions Public Works Shop The Public Works Shop houses Public Works operations crews and the City's maintenance vehicles and equipment. The main building is in fair condition and provides space for crew support, shops, and storage. Materials storage is severely limited, often forcing crews to obtain supplies from local vendors. Transportation signage is purchased as needed as the existing shop space does not include an area for sign fabrication. Limited crew space is unable to support growth in staff and operations. Figure 9-7. Public Works Shop Staff and fleet parking space is limited and unable to accommodate growth. There are also two adjacent structures providing covered parking for fleet and equipment. Fleet requiring heated parking can be stored in the main building's shop space as well as in one bay at the South Shed. The rest of the site is significantly undersized with limited yard material storage and no room for expansion. The facility is located on the west side of Highway 16, making it well located near the McCormick Woods development, but separated from a large portion of the City, staff, and facilities, including City Hall. This location may provide operational challenges in the event of a natural hazard. South Shed The South Shed Facility is located on a 3.77-acre site located at 2035 Sidney Avenue with 2,000 square feet of warehouse for material and equipment storage. Most of the land at this location is utilized as a park. Originally a fire station, the South Shed was repurposed for Public Works storage in addition to seasonally providing heated parking for equipment such as sweeper and vactor trucks. This aging facility is in poor condition but could be rehabilitated to provide staff workspace and storage. Expanding outdoor storage will require the relocation of Figure 9-8. South Shed parks amenities, access, and parking. — - — Operations Yard The Operations Yard is located near the Shop and contains a decant facility and materials laydown storage. The decant is in good condition but is at capacity as it is used as a regional facility. Spoils frequently do not have adequate time to dewater, requiring the City to add wicking materials that increase weight and cost when taken to the Kitsap transfer station. The site has limited materials storage but is large enough to accommodate additional crew space and materials bins. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-169 Future Needs Public Works is anticipating an estimated staffing increase in the next ten years, growing from 25 to 32- 40 or more staff to meet the needs of the rapidly growing community. The City will need to expand Public Work facilities to accommodate needed staff and equipment. Major needs for this planning period as identified by Public Works leadership include: • In accordance with Policy CF-14, perform required maintenance at all public works facilities. Conduct a facilities condition assessment to understand the current conditions and near- and long-term maintenance needs for Public Works and other capital facilities. • In accordance with Policy CF-1, conduct a citywide facilities plan to review current and future level of service standards, add staff where needed, and increase operational space to accommodate current and future staff and operations. • Provide a new public works annex at the industrial center public works yard to house operations utility staff. The proposed facility should include crew support space (offices, bathroom, showers, etc.); a heated warehousing for plumbing, electrical, and other materials storage; employee parking; heated and covered storage bays for equipment and materials; and expanded yard areas for laydown and materials storage. • Upgrade the existing Public Works Shop facility to better utilize vertical storage. • Upgrade the decant facility to increase capacity and add a new composting facility. • Provide a new Operations East satellite streets facility west of SR16, preferably near the intersection of Bethel and Lund, and include a crew room and restroom facilities, heated bays for snowplow equipment, and material storage yard. • Upgrade the south shed facility to provide additional storage and work space. Priority Investments Financial information to support the facility condition assessment and citywide facilities plan can be found in the Administration and Community Facilities section. Investments for the next six years have not been identified for the general Public Works capital facilities. Please see the Utilities section below for priority infrastructure investments. Funding Source UnfundedProject City Grant Total Public Works Annex 5,000,000 5,000,000 Decant Facilities and Yard Improvements 1,750,000 1,750,000 PW Operations East Station (Property Acquisition) 5,000,000 5,000,000 PW South Shed Upgrades 2,400,000 2,400,000 TOTAL 14,150,000 14,150,000 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-170 Expenditures Prior Years 2024-2030 Expenditures Total Public Works Annex 0 5,000,000 5,000,000 Decant Facilities and Yard Improvements 0 1,750,000 1,750,000 PW Operations East Station (Property Acquisition) 0 5,000,000 5,000,000 PW South Shed Upgrades 0 2,400,000 2,400,000 TOTAL $0 $14,150,000 $14,150,000 9.7.4 Utilities and Transportation Port Orchard's Public Works Department operates and maintains the City's utilities and transportation systems. Some of Port Orchard's capital facilities are aging or inadequate for current service needs and will require repairs and replacement over the next 20 years. The costs of replacing utility infrastructure and roads are substantial and take years for planning and implementation. The City is working to address substandard infrastructure and comply with changing state and federal mandates governing capital facilities. In accordance with Goal 1, the City should ensure that all utility infrastructure expansion provides an adequate level of public service to support new development consistent with the City's policies, criteria, and standards. In addition, utility expansion should also be consistent with current land use plans and development regulations of the State of Washington, Kitsap County, and appropriate local planning agencies. The following sections list priority projects for Transportation, Stormwater, Sewer, and Water between 2023-2028. More information on these facilities is provided in the Transportation and Utilities Elements as well as the individual functional plans. Transportation Port Orchard is responsible for City roads and other aspects of the City's transportation system. Details on all City transportation systems can be found in the Transportation Element as well as the Transportation Improvement Plan. Priority investments and funding assumptions targeted in the next six years are summarized below. Funding Source Annual Street City Grant UnfundedProject Total Preservation 6,800,000 6,800,000 Projects Citywide Street Lighting 210,000 1,100,000 1,310,000 Bay Street Pedestrian Pathway Segments 6,675,000 2,000,000 8,675,000 6-11 Bethel Phase 1 11,808,000 3,000,000 14,808,000 Bethel Phase 4a: Lund RAB 101,250 648,750 300,000 1,050,000 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-171 Bethel Phase 4b; Vallair Ct 1,000,000 1,000,000 Connector Bethel Phase 5a: Bethel/Lincoln/Mit 3,006,507 2,485,493 5,492,000 chel RABs Old Clifton Non - Motorized 600,000 2,700,000 3,300,000 Improvements Old Clifton/Anderson Hill Intersection 2,300,000 2,300,000 Improvements Pottery Ave Non - Motorized 837,183 644,000 1,481,183 Improvements Sedgwick Rd W Study 300,000 300,000 Sidney Rd Non - Motorized 1,005,000 1,395,000 2,400,000 SR 160/Sedgwick Phase 2a 550,000 695,000 1,245,000 SR 166/Bay St Reconstruction 3,532,000 3,000,000 1,746,000 8,278,000 SR166/Port Orchard Blvd Intersection 2,100,000 2,100,000 Improvements Tremont Phase 2 & 3 732,000 4,125,000 4,857,000 TOTAL 3 , 5,396,183 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-172 Expenditures Project Prior Years 2024-2030 Expenditures Total Annual Street Preservation Projects N/A 6,800,000 6,800,000 Citywide Street Lighting N/A 1,310,000 1,310,000 Bay Street Pedestrian Pathway Segments 6-11 3,900,000 4,775,000 8,675,000 Bethel Phase 1 368,120 14,439,880 14,808,000 Bethel Phase 4a; Lund Int 1,050,000 1,050,000 Bethel Phase 4b; Vallair Ct Intersection and Connector 1,000,000 1,000,000 Bethel Phase 5a: Bethel/Lincoln/Mitchel RABs 1,500,000 3,992,000 5,492,000 Old Clifton Non -Motorized Improvements 150,000 3,150,000 3,300,000 Old Clifton/Anderson Hill Intersection Improvements 151,000 2,149,000 2,300,000 Pottery Ave Non -Motorized Improvements 185,000 1,296,183 1,481,183 edgwick Rd W Study 300,000 300,000 Sidney Rd Non -Motorized 2,400,000 2,400,000 R 160/Sedgwick Phase 2a 1,245,000 1,245,000 R 166/Bay St Reconstruction 200,000 8,078,000 8,278,000 R166/Port Orchard Blvd Intersection Improvements 2,100,000 2,100,000 Tremont Phase 2 & 3 4,857,000 4,857,000 TO 58,942,063 65,396,183 Stormwater Port Orchard owns, maintains, and manages its stormwater collection system. Goal 8 states the City should minimize development related impacts to existing hydrologic conditions and functions and strive to correct current deficiencies resulting from past development practices such as stormwater-related flooding. Details on the City's stormwater system can be found in the Utilities Element as well as the 2023 Stormwater and Watersheds Comprehensive Plan. Priority investments and funding assumptions targeted in the next six years are summarized below. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-173 Funding Sources Johnson Creek city Grant UnfundedProject Total Estuary Restoration 4,171,550 2,828,450 7,000,000 Annual Stormwater Preservation 600,000 600,000 Sidney Regional Storm 563,492 3,479,841 4,043,333 Sidney Rd. SW Fish Pass Culvert 1,852,842 1,447,158 3,300,000 Sedgwick Balancing Culvert 600,000 600,000 Pottery Non - Motorized Improvements 80,000 80,000 Annapolis Creek Culvert Replacement 43,333 4,000,000 4,043,333 Downtown Retrofit 2,860,000 1,350,000 Bay Street Stormwater Improvements 600,000 600,000 TOTAL JU 23,126,666 Expenditures Project Prior Years 2024-2030 Expenditures Total Johnson Creek Estuary Restoration (WSDOT) 7,000,000 7,000,000 Annual Stormwater Preservation N/A 600,000 600,000 Sidney Regional Storm 563,492 3,479,841 4,032,333 Sidney Rd. SW Fish Pass Culvert 3,300,000 3,300,000 Sedgwick Balancing Culvert 600,000 600,000 Pottery Non -Motorized Improvements 80,000 80,000 Annapolis Creek Culvert Replacement 43,333 4,000,000 4,043,333 Downtown Retrofit 2,860,000 2,860,000 Bay Street Stormwater Improvements 600,000 600,000 606,825 23, , Sewer The City is tasked to provide safe, reliable, and timely sewer service to consumers at a fair and reasonable price, as seen in Goal 6. Port Orchard owns, operates, and maintains existing wastewater collection and conveyance facilities. As of 2016, the City's sewer service area was approximately 2,100 acres and was expected to grow to 5,700 acres. Details on the City's sewer system can be found in the Utilities Element as well as the 2016 General Sewer Plan Update. Priority investments and funding assumptions targeted in the next six years are summarized below. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-174 Funding Source City/DeveloperProject .. Annual Sewer Preservation 300,000 3,200,000 3,500,000 Marina Lift Station 5,900,000 13,000,000 18,900,000 Bay Street Pump Station Replacement 1,000,000 6,000,000 7,000,000 Lift Station Controls (6) & Generator (1) 25,000 800,000 825,000 Port Orchard BLVD Lift Station and Siphon 7,610,000 (WSDOT) 7,610,000 Sidney 2nd Force Main (Pottery Section) 731,000 731,000 Sidney 2nd Force Main (Ruby Creek to Pottery) 1,231,838 2,487,162 3,719,000 McCormick Lift Station #3 (Developer Funded) 1,000,000 (D) 1,000,000 Ruby Creek Lift Station 800,000 (D) 2,340,000 3,140,000 Sidney Road Gravity Sewer 2,290,000 2,290,000 Bravo Terrace Lift Station 2,500,000 2,500,000 Bravo Terrace Force Main 4,860,000 4,860,000 Sewer Facility Upgrades 2,000,000 2,000,000 McCormick East L/S and Force Main 7,600,000 7,600,000 2029 General Sewer Plan Update 350,000 350,000 TOTAL 14.800,000 33,627,162 66,025,000 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-175 Expenditures Project Prior Years 2024-2030 Expenditures Total Annual Sewer Preservation 3,500,000 3,500,000 Marina Lift Station 3,100,000 15,800,000 18,900,000 Bay Street Pump Station Replacement 7,000,000 7,000,000 Lift Station Controls (6) & Generator (1) 125,000 700,000 825,000 Port Orchard BLVD Lift Station and Siphon 0 7,610,000 7,610,000 Sidney 2nd Force Main (Pottery Section) 0 731,000 731,000 Sidney 2nd Force Main (Ruby Creek to Pottery) 0 3,719,000 3,719,000 McCormick Lift Station #3 (GFF Credit) 0 1,000,000 $1,000,000 Ruby Creek Lift Station 0 3,140,000 3,140,000 Sidney Road Gravity Sewer 2,290,000 2,290,000 Bravo Terrace Lift Station 2,500,000 2,500,000 Bravo Terrace Force Main 4,860,000 4,860,000 Sewer Facility Upgrades 2,000,000 2,000,000 McCormick East L/S and Force Main 7,600,000 7,600,000 2029 General Sewer Plan Update 350,000 350,000 TOTAL 3.225,000 62,800,0 Water Port Orchard Public Works Department maintains and manages the City's water system. With two systems serving the City (City System) and McCormick Woods (McCormick Woods System), Port Orchard serves over 4,000 connections. Goal 5 and its related policies state the City will ensure that an adequate water supply is available to support the level of population growth and land development projected within the City. Details on the City's water system can be found in the Utilities Element as well as the 2020 Water System Plan. Priority investments and funding assumptions targeted in the next six years are summarized below. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-176 Funding Source City/DeveloperProject .. Old Clifton Transmission Main (Reservoir to McCormick Woods Drive) 40,000 1,000,000 1,040,000 Annual Water Preservation 300,000 400,000 700,000 Well #13 600,000 5,500,000 5,500,000 11,600,000 Well #12 7,000,000 (D) 7,000,000 Well #11 (#3) 465,000 8,500,000 8,965,000 Melcher PS Rebuild (#10) 750,000 500,000 1,250,000 Well #7 500,000 1,015,000 1,515,000 580 to 660 Zone Booster Station 750,000 (D) 750,000 390-580 Booster Pump (Glenwood) 725,000 725,000 390-580 Transmission Main (Glenwood) 515,624 (D) 515,624 660 Zone Storage (CFC Credit) 2,850,000 (D) 2,850,000 Foster Mitigation 7,200,000 7,200,000 390-580 Intertie and booster (Old Clifton) 5,000,000 5,000,000 TOTA 13,995,624 19,115,000 49,110,624 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-177 Expenditures Project Prior Years 2024-2030 Expenditures Total Old Clifton Transmission Main (Reservoir to McCormick Woods Drive) 1,040,000 1,040,000 Annual Water Preservation N/A 700,000 700,000 Well #13 6,100,000 5,500,000 11,600,000 Well #12 (CFC Credit) 7,000,000 7,000,000 Well #11(#3) 2,100,000 6,865,000 8,965,000 Melcher PS Rebuild (#10) 114,000 1,136,000 1,250,000 Well #7 1,515,000 1,515,000 580 to 660 Zone Booster Station (CFC Credit) 750,000 750,000 390-580 Booster Pump 725,000 (Glenwood) (CFC Credit) 725,000 390-580 Transmission Main (CFC Credit) (Glenwood) 515,624 515,624 660 Zone Storage (CFC Credit) 2,850,000 2,850,000 Foster Mitigation 7,200,000 7,200,000 390-580 Intertie (Old Clifton) 5,000,000 5,000,000 TOTAL 8,314,000 39,281,624 49,110,624 0.7.5 Parks Facilities The Parks Element of the 2024 Comprehensive Plan, supplemented by the Parks, Recreation and Open Space (PROS) Plan, outlines the goals, expectations, and community vision for the City's Parks. This section draws from those plans with a concentration on capital facilities. IVCII IUrj Port Orchard owns 89.7 acres of parkland, with a ratio of approximately six acres per every 1,000 residents. This includes conservancies, resource parks, trails, athletic parks, community centers, special use facilities, and support facilities. Blackjack Creek Multi -Modal Bridge AddressFacility 1301 Area Bay St Boat Ramp -Launch 533 Bay St 0.82 Central Park (Clayton Park/Dwight Park) 915 Dwight 1.4 Dekalb Pier 467 Bay St 4.1 Etta Turner Park/Blackjack Creek Park 1301 Arena Bay Street 0.16 Givens Field/Active Club 1025 Tacoma Ave 0.6 Marina And Observation Deck 707 Sidney Pkwy McCormick Village Park 3201 SW Old Clifton Rd 28.6 Van Zee Park 300 Tremont St 8.3 Parks capital facilities that include structures are listed below; refer to the PROS Plan for a full inventory of parks. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-178 Existing Conditions According to the PROS Plan, the City has adequate outdoor park and recreational facilities to serve the population during the 20-year planning horizon; however, playground, picnic, sports court, and field sites are not evenly distributed within a 5- or 10-minute walk of all residential areas, creating a need for more neighborhood parks. There are also deficits in indoor recreation facilities, community gardens, and multipurpose trails. Additional information on the City's parks and more detailed planning strategies can be found in the City's PROS Plan and in the Parks Element of this Comprehensive Plan. Future Needs The City is committed to providing parks that are safe and well -maintained, enhance residential neighborhoods, encourage shoreline access, and activate downtown areas. Considering existing level -of -service for Port Orchard owned parks, the City's projected population growth will create a need for an additional 61.4 acres of land and 15,661 facility units (square feet of courts, fields, etc.) by the year 2040, requiring an estimated expenditure of $32,326,076. This does not account for any maintenance, operation, or repair costs. See the PROs Plan for more information on existing -level -of -service standards. The PROS plan highlights the following investments that update and expand existing park facilities. • In accordance with Policy CF-14, perform required maintenance at all parks and recreation facilities. Conduct a facilities condition assessment to understand the current conditions and near- and long-term maintenance needs for all capital facilities. • As part of a citywide facilities plan, develop a space needs analysis to determine and justify staff growth and investments needed to achieve the Parks goals. Aligned with Policy CF-11, consider developing multi -use facilities and partnering opportunities to meet public need. • Continue plans to design and construct the Port Orchard Community Event Center. The center will be located at 619 Bay Street on the downtown waterfront and include 7,600-8,600 square feet of event space and meeting facilities, as well as a 7,000-9,500 square foot library facility with outdoor decks and an activities area. Consider also relocating the Council Chambers to consolidate community functions. • In accordance with Goal 4, perform required maintenance at all parks facilities. • Protect existing open space and conservancies and acquire and develop parks and trail systems. • Designate and conserve cultural and historic resources located within park properties; seek joint funding partnerships with local jurisdictions to create wayfinding and educational signage, artworks, streetscapes, and gateways. • Develop a master plan for Givens Park and assess condition, repurposing, or removal of the Active Club. • Develop a master plan for expanding Etta Turner Park to the west side of Blackjack Creek. Install lighting on the bridge and enhance Blackjack Creek. • Develop master plans for Ruby Creek Regional Park and Sherman Ave Stormwater Park. • Create and strengthen regional partnerships to enable the City and its partners to provide greater facilities and opportunities than would be possible alone. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-179 • Acquire property for future park use in areas of need as identified in the Parks Plan, with an emphasis on the Bethel/Lund and Bethel/Sedgwick Centers. Priority Investments Funding Source Impact.. Project City Credit Fees Grant Grant Unfunded 6-Year Total Port Orchard Community Event Center 927,430 283,900 18,729,963 6,500,000 1,658,707 28,100,000 Waterfront Plaza Shoreline Restoration/ Enhancemen t 278,920 352,300 500,000 1,376,780 2,508,000 Orchard St Plaza 792,000 500,000 3,008,000 4,300,000 Givens Park Sport Court Remodel 253,600 176,400 55,000 485,000 McCormick Village Park Phase 3 1,250,000 1,250,000 Telford Way Multimodal Pathway 979,012 979,012 McCormick Village Dr Multimodal Pathway 1,468,518 1,468,518 Sherman Ave Stormwater Park 300,000 1,861,039 2,161,039 Paul Powers Park Master Plan and Redevelopm ent 500,000 500,000 Givens Park Master Plan 150,000 150,000 Ruby Creek Regional Park Master Plan 150,000 150,000 TOTAL 1,759,950 3,697,530 1,428,200 19,406,363 Nj!F,5Z6 142,051,569 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-180 Details on current and planned investments in the next 20 years can be found in the PROS Plan. Financial information to support the facility condition assessment and citywide facilities plan can be found in the Administration and Community Facilities section. Priority investments and funding assumptions targeted in the next six years are summarized below. 6-Year Expenditures Project Prior Years 2024-2030 Expenditures Total Port Orchard Community Event Center 4,064,132 24,035,868 $28,100,000 Waterfront Plaza Shoreline Restoration/Enhancement 360,194 2,147, 806 2,508,000 Orchard St Plaza 78,822 4,221,178 4,300,000 Givens Park Sport Court Remodel 485,000 $485,000 McCormick Village Park Phase 3 (Impact Fee Credit) 1,250,000 1,250,000 Telford Way Multimodal Pathway (Impact Fee Credit) 979,012 979,012 McCormick Village Dr Multimodal Pathway (Impact Fee Credit) 1,468,518 1,468,518 Sherman Ave Stormwater Park 300,000 1,861,039 2,161, 039 Paul Powers Park Master Plan and Redevelopment 500,000 500,000 Givens Park Master Plan 150,000 150,000 Ruby Creek Regional Park Master Plan 150,000 150,000 TOTAL 4.803. 37,248,421 42,051,569 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 9-181 Chapter 10 Climate Change 10.1 Introduction The City of Port Orchard is likely to face challenges due to climate change over the next twenty years, including rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and ecological shifts that will directly affect the City's existing businesses, residents and the environment. This chapter will begin the important process of planning for climate change in the City of Port Orchard, focusing on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing the City's resilience to the impacts of climate change. Puget Sound Regional Council's (PSRC) Vision 2050 provides a roadmap for managing growth, transportation, and economic development across our Climate Change Vision region. By 2050, the Puget Sound region population is Port Orchard is an environmentally projected to reach 5.8 million people20. Vision 2050 plays resilient community, actively an important role in addressing climate change as the participating in the reduction of region grows by emphasizing clean energy, sustainable greenhouse gas emissions in alignment transportation, and resilient communities. The document with Washington State'sgoal of serves as a guide for local jurisdictions, including Port achieving net zero emissions by 2050. Orchard, to prepare for growth while preserving the environment and promoting equity. In 2023, the Washington State Legislature passed House Bill 1181, enhancing the state's response to climate change. This legislation amends the Growth Management Act (GMA), requiring cities and counties fully planning under the GMA to incorporate a dedicated climate element into their comprehensive plan. Within this element, two sub -elements must be addressed: Reduction of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions • The City of Port Orchard commits to ambitious goals for reducing emissions, promoting cleaner energy sources, and minimizing our carbon footprint, consistent with Washington State's GHG goal of net zero emissions by 2050. The City seeks to explore innovative strategies to encourage sustainable transportation, energy efficiency, and renewable energy adoption. Climate Resiliency Planning • The City of Port Orchard recognizes the inevitability of climate impacts and prioritizes resilience. This chapter will outline strategies to enhance community preparedness, response, and recovery efforts. • The City aims to protect vulnerable populations, critical infrastructure, and natural systems from climate -related disruptions. During the course of 2024, this chapter will be a living document and will be updated as the City's planning efforts progress. The development of a climate change element is anticipated to take approximately one year of study and should incorporate input from stakeholders and the public. To fully understand the impacts of climate change, the City must also have a baseline of current greenhouse gas emissions and other climate change indicators. Some of this information is currently available through 21 Puget Sound Regional Council Vision 2050 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-182 the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group's (UW CIG) Climate Mapping for a Resilient Washington (CMRW) webtool21. The City is awaiting baseline greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the Department of Commerce for Kitsap County, which will then need to be disaggregated down to the City level for Port Orchard. The City will also be seeking grants from the Department of Commerce to complete this work. This chapter should be read as a first draft of the City's Climate Change element, with the expectation that future study and planning work will be completed in the future as funding is available. 10.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions HB 1181 identifies three minimum requirements22 that the GHG emissions reduction sub -element of this chapter must address. These requirements can be met through the adoption of goals and policies that identify actions to meet these requirements. • Requirement 1: Result in reductions in overall greenhouse gas emissions generated by transportation and land use within the City but without increasing emissions elsewhere in Washington. Requirement 2: Result in reductions per capita vehicle miles traveled within the City but without increasing greenhouse gas emissions elsewhere in Washington. • Requirement 3: Prioritize reductions that benefit overburdened communities in order to maximize the co -benefits of reduced air pollution and environmental justice. The Department of Commerce in its Intermediate Planning Guidance23 has outlined three pathways that the City may take to set emissions -reduction targets and goals and policies to achieve those targets. The City of Port Orchard has elected to pursue Pathway 3, which the Department of Commerce has recommended for jurisdictions that are required to create a GHG reduction sub -element. Pathway 3 requires the City of Port Orchard to utilize the GHG emissions inventory provided by the Department of Commerce to set mitigation goals and policies to satisfy the minimum requirements. The City is required to adopt goals and policies from the transportation, buildings and energy, and zoning and development sectors of the Menu of Measures provided by the Department of Commerce 21 that support achieving net -zero emissions by 2050. The City may also adopt goals and policies from the other sectors of the Menu of Measures based on the emission inventory. 10.3 Climate Resilience HB 118121 identifies three minimum requirements that the climate resilience sub -element of this chapter must address. These requirements can be met through the adoption of goals and policies that identify actions to meet these requirements. Requirement 1: Address natural hazards created or aggravated by climate change, including sea level rise, landslides, flooding, drought, heat, smoke, wildfire, and other effects of changes to temperature and precipitation patterns. 21 https://cig-wa-cIimate.nkn.uidaho.edu/ 22 RCW 36.70A.070(9)(e)(i) 23 Department of Commerce Intermediate Plannine Guidance. December 2023 24 Department of Commerce Intermediate Planning Guidance, December 2023, Appendix L 21 RCW 37.70A.070(9)(d)(i)(A-C) Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-183 Requirement 2: Identify, protect and enhance natural areas to foster climate resilience, as well as areas of vital habitat for safe species migration. Requirement 3: Identify, protect, and enhance community resilience to climate impacts, including social, economic, and built -environment factors, which support adaptation to climate impacts consistent with environmental justice. The Department of Commerce in its Intermediate Planning Guidance26 has outlined 11 sectors of climate resiliency that the City's Comprehensive Plan should address, with potential climate -related impacts. Not all these sectors or climate -related impacts will affect Port Orchard, and at the time of the development of this chapter, the City is currently beginning the process of studying the impacts of climate change and assessing vulnerability and risk to the City's community assets (social, economic and environmental assets). Once complete, the City will explore how changes in the climate could exacerbate natural hazards and impact these assets and develop goals and policies to address these impacts. In 2020, Kitsap County, in coordination with the City of Port Orchard, prepared the Kitsap County Climate Change Resiliency Assessment27. This assessment provides a comprehensive understanding of climate impacts and risks specific to the City. The Kitsap County Climate Change Resiliency Assessment highlights several specific risks that the City faces due to climate change: Sea Level Rise As global temperatures increase, sea levels are rising. This poses a risk to coastal areas, including Port Orchard. Rising sea levels are expected to exacerbate challenges with flooding and saltwater intrusion in the City's downtown area, which the City has addressed in its Downtown Subarea Plan and Shoreline Master Program through policies that seek to address the impacts of sea level rise through the raising of the elevation of Bay Street. Extreme Heat Events More frequent and intense heatwaves are expected. Extreme heat impacts public health, especially vulnerable populations. It strains energy systems, increases wildfire risk, and affects outdoor activities. Ocean Acidification Acidification of marine waters due to increased carbon dioxide absorption harms shellfish, fish, and other marine life. Healthy marine ecosystems play an important role in the City's economy, ecosystems, and are critical to the cultural practices and way of life of the Suquamish Tribe who have inhabited South Kitsap County for thousands of years. Changing Precipitation Patterns Altered rainfall patterns affect water availability, agriculture, and stormwater management. Increased precipitation intensity leads to flooding, landslides, and soil erosion. The City may expect to see impacts to public infrastructure as a result of increased flooding, including disruption of transportation routes and damage to ferry terminals, as well as damage to stormwater and wastewater infrastructure from flood inundation and saltwater intrusion. Health Impacts Climate change exacerbates respiratory illnesses, heat -related illnesses, and mental health issues. Vulnerable populations, including the elderly and low-income communities, are at higher risk. More 26 Department of Commerce Intermediate Planning Guidance, December 2023 2' Kitsap County Climate Resiliency Assessment, 2020 Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-184 frequent heat waves may result in increased deaths and will require the investment in cooling centers and/or public subsidies for low income households to install air-conditioning. Increased need for air conditioning will also have an adverse impact on greenhouse gas emissions in the City. Habitat Disruption Changing ecosystems affect wildlife migration, breeding patterns, and food availability. Protecting habitats is critical for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Warmer stream temperatures and lower summer flows will affect fish species that use these habitats. New invasive species and diseases could also emerge due to changes in the climate. Economic Disruptions Climate impacts can disrupt local businesses, tourism, and agriculture. Planning for economic resilience is vital. The City has a large workforce employed in construction. Outdoor laborers are especially vulnerable to extreme heat events and are likely to experience lost labor hours due to extreme heat and poor air quality. Sea level rise and increased flooding may also affect property values within coastal areas or floodplains. Water Resources Challenges The City provides drinking water within the City supplied by six active wells and from additional planned wells. Altered hydrology due to climate change will affect water supply, groundwater recharge, and streamflow. Balancing water needs for residents, agriculture, and ecosystems is a priority. Resiliency planning will address these risks, ensuring Port Orchard remains adaptable and prepared for a changing climate. 10.4 Baseline Conditions Effective decision -making requires understanding baseline conditions, including greenhouse gas emissions and climate resiliency indicators. This information will serve as a benchmark to measure the effectiveness of any strategies or initiatives implemented towards achieving these goals. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Baseline Emissions (2022) The baseline for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions represents the starting point against which we measure progress. It encompasses historical emissions data, including those from energy production, transportation, industry, and land use changes. The Department of Commerce is creating emissions inventories for the 11 counties that are required to include a GHG reduction sub -element in their comprehensive plan. The inventories use 2022 as a baseline year but do not disaggregate emissions to the city level. Once the GHG emissions inventory for Kitsap County is available, the City will need to hire a consultant to complete the technical analysis required to disaggregate the emissions down to the city level consistent with guidance published by the Department of Commerce. Per Capita Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) (2022) Per capita VMT serves as a critical indicator of transportation -related emissions. The baseline VMT includes historical data on miles traveled by various vehicle types (cars, trucks, buses) over time. Future analysis will be necessary to establish per capita vehicle miles traveled for the City. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-185 Climate Resilience The CMRW developed by the UW CIG has identified the following climate hazards that may pose a risk to the City of Port Orchard. The following climate indicators have been identified based on the historical normal for the period of 1980-2009 and provide a baseline for addressing the risk climate change poses to the City under the high emissions scenario for the years 2020-2049 (30-year period). • Agriculture & Food Systems • Emergency Management • Water Resources • Agriculture & Food Systems • Economic Development • Ecosystems • Human Health Sector(s) • Buildings and Energy Climate Indicator Hazard Notes Drought 29% chance any given year High emissions scenario. will have a total summer Increase in likelihood for precipitation below 75% of 30-year period. the historical normal summer Dreciaitation Climate Impacts Below normal summer precipitation indicates a greater likelihood of drought. Drought can affect the well-being of people and water availability for crops and ecosystems. More frequent droughts is also expected to increase need for emergency services to respond to water shortages that may occur due to voluntary or mandatory conservation requirements. Climate Indicator Extreme Heat Climate I Hazard 3.5° increase in average summer temperature Notes High emissions scenario. Increase in likelihood for 30-year period. Warmer summers will directly impact the health and well-being of people, create stress for crops and reduce water availability. Warmer summer temperatures could also decrease opportunities for warm season recreation activities. Warmer summer temperatures are expected to reduce soil moisture and increase stress on plants and animals. Climate Indicator Extreme Heat Climate Impacts Hazard +177 degree-days during the 30-year period Notes High emissions scenario. Increase in likelihood for 30-vear period. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-186 • Cultural Resources and Practices • Economic Development • Ecosystems • Emergency Management • Transportation • Water Resources • Zoning and Development • Cultural Resources and Practices • Ecosystems • Zoning and Development • Economic Development • Ecosystems • Emergency Management An increase in cooling degree days will increase energy demand for air conditioning in the summer when regional hydropower supply is expected to decrease. Climate Indicator Hazard Notes Sea Level Rise .75' Likely Sea Level Rise to High emissions scenario. 1.5' High Sea Level Rise Increase in likelihood for the year 2050. Climate Impacts Sea Level Rise will inundate culturally relevant and important sites, such as traditional fishing grounds. Sea level rise may also intensify coastal flooding which can disrupt business operations, damage property, reduce the land area suitable for development, impact coastal transportation infrastructure, and increase need for emergency services to recover from flooding. Sea level rise can also increase coastal erosion and flooding reducing habitats for some aquatic, wildlife and plant species. Sea level rise is also expected to increase saltwater intrusion into groundwater and coastal aquifers, which could reduce water quality. Climate Indicator Extreme Heat Climate Impacts Hazard 14.3° increase in August stream temperature Notes High emissions scenario. Increase in likelihood for 2030-2059. Warmer stream temperatures are expected to reduce habitat quality for salmonids, reducing abundance of and access for Northwest Tribes. Warmer stream temperature have the potential to reduce the ability to meet water quality standards set on wastewater treatment facilities. Climate Indicator Flooding Climate Impacts Hazard Return Interval of 25-yr Peak Streamflow Blackjack Creek — 9.8 years Notes High emissions scenario. Increase in likelihood for 30-year period. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-187 • Transportation The 25-year peak streamflow is the streamflow that occurs on average every • Waste Management 25 years, heavier precipitation is anticipated to cause this to occur every 9.8 • Zoning and years for Blackjack Creek, which could leak to increased flooding and impacts Development to homes and businesses, increased need for emergency services, as well as increased flood damage to roads, bridges, and railway. Increased flood zones could also reduce the suitability of some areas for development. Increased streamflows can also cause juvenile salmonids to be flushed downstream prematurely, reducing salmonid migration returns. Flooding of waste management facilities can also release contaminants and hazardous materials. Sector(s) Climate Indicator Hazard Notes • Economic Extreme 7% increase in the High emissions scenario. Development Precipitation magnitude of 2-year storm Increase in likelihood for • Transportation 30-year period. • Waste Management • Zoning and Development Climate Impacts Heavier precipitation is expected to intensify flooding in low-lying areas and require higher capacity storm water drainage systems. Heavier precipitation events may lead to flooding, landslides and erosion which can interrupt transportation routes, damage infrastructure and increase maintenance and repair costs. Storm damage may also generate waste and debris. Increased urban flooding could also affect zoning restrictions on new buildings and require revised building codes or increased development in frequently flooded areas. Sector(s) Climate Indicator Hazard Notes • Ecosystems Drought 7.8% decrease in late High emissions scenario. • Water Resources summer precipitation Increase in likelihood for 30-year period. Climate Impacts A decrease in summer precipitation is expected to lower streamflows, reduce water quality and increase water temperatures. Less summer precipitation will also contribute to drought stress on plant growth and will contribute to summer water shortages. Water quality may also decrease with less summer precipitation and warmer water temperatures. Sector(s) Climate Indicator Hazard Notes • Emergency Extreme Heat +14.4 days above 90' High emissions scenario. Management during the 30-year time Increase in likelihood for • Human Health period 30-year period. Climate Impacts Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-188 More frequent extreme heat event are expected to increase the demand for emergency services. They may also impact emergency services due to transportation disruptions such as warped and buckling pavement on roads. An increase in the number of days above 90' is also expected to increase heat - related deaths, illnesses and hospitalizations. 10.5 Goals and Policies In this Chapter the City has set forth its vision and commitment to a sustainable future. Recognizing the challenges posed by a changing climate, these goals and policies are designed to steer the City towards resilience and adaptability while also aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The goals and policies contained within this iteration of the Climate Change element represent direction to complete this Chapter as well as preliminary goals and policies adopted from the Department of Commerce's Menu of Measures"' to address the sectors and climate hazards identified from the CMRW in Section 10.4 above. C Goal I. Complete this Climate Change Element. Policy C-1 Apply for funding from the Department of Commerce to complete the climate planning related activities necessary to complete this Chapter and implement House Bill 1181. • When funding is available, hire a consultant to help complete the technical analysis required to establish baseline greenhouse gas emissions and VMT. Policy C-2 Complete a Community Assets Inventory and risk assessment of the City's social, economic and environmental assets that the community wants to protect. • Evaluate the current risk exposure and vulnerability of the city's community assets against the impacts of climate change. Policy C-3 Complete an audit of the City's existing plans to identify gaps, opportunities and barriers to building resilience to climate change. Policy C-4 Refine the goals and policies contained within this first iteration of the City's Climate Change element, either adapting the goals and policies, developing new goals and policies, or adopting a hazard mitigation plan (see Climate Resilience Pathways in the Department of Commerce's Intermediate Planning Guidance). Policy C-5 Conduct robust public engagement on the development of this Chapter. Policy C-6 Set incremental emissions reduction targets that lead to achieving net zero emissions in 2050. C Goal 2. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions within the City consistent with the Washington State target of net -zero emissions by 2050. Buildings and Energy Policy C-7 Maximize solar access of site design, where practicable, for new solar -ready residential and commercial buildings. • Encourage solar panels on buildings with large rooftops, as well as within or over parking areas. 28 Department of Commerce Intermediate Planning Guidance, December 2023, Appendix L Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-189 Policy C-8 Encourage buildings that use renewable energy, conservation, and efficiency technologies and practices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. • Encourage energy efficient housing types that conserve non-renewable energy and help minimize impact on air quality and climate. (Policy HS-25) • Encourage the retrofit buildings for energy efficiency. • Incentivize green building certification to improve energy and environmental performance. Policy C-9 Encourage the adaptive reuse of buildings, recognizing the emission -reduction benefits of retaining existing buildings. • Encourage the preservation and weatherization of housing in overburdened communities, particularly at higher densities, to reduce emissions and increase resilience. Ecosystems Policy C-10 Increase tree canopy cover to boost carbon sequestration, reduce heat islands, and improve air quality, prioritizing overburdened communities. • Require the retention and replacement of significant trees in the City.(Policy NS- 9) • Adopt a canopy coverage target for the City and monitor progress on a regular basis to determine if policy changes are necessary to reach the City's target. (Policy NS-10) • Identify parks and open spaces in the City where tree canopy coverage could be increased. (Policy NS-11) • Use trees and vegetation to mitigate erosion potential, meet drainage needs and reduce the impacts of development. (Policy NS-12) • Establish programs and policies that maintain and increase forests and vegetative cover and prioritize the connectivity of forests that provide valuable wildlife corridors within the City. (Policy NS-14) Transportation Policy C-11 Convert public fleets to zero emission vehicles and develop supporting infrastructure and programs (e.g., charging stations and dedicated lanes for electric cars and buses). • Require electric vehicle charging infrastructure in new and retrofitted buildings. Policy C-12 Implement multimodal transportation planning to reduce single -occupancy vehicle dependence and greenhouse gas emissions. • Emphasize moving people rather than vehicles by providing a variety of ways to commute to work. (Policy TR-45) • Provide preferential treatments for transit, such as queue bypass lanes, traffic signal modifications, and safe, convenient, transit stops. (Policy TR-20) • Create a safe, well connected, and attractive bicycle and pedestrian Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-190 transportation network to encourage active transportation. Policy C-13 Reduce vehicle miles traveled to achieve greenhouse gas reduction goals. • Implement travel demand management (TDM) programs and strategies. Prioritize, develop, and maintain mobility hubs in transportation -efficient locations — especially in overburdened communities experiencing a scarcity of transportation alternatives. • Shorten commutes by concentrating housing and employment in strategic locations, which provides residents opportunities to live and work in the same neighborhood. (Policy CN-3) • The City shall ensure that higher density development in Centers is either within walking or biking distance of jobs, schools, and parks and is well -served by public transit. (Centers Goals 1,2,3,4,5,6; Housing, Parks, Economic Development, Transportation, and Capital Facilities Elements) (Policy CN-11) • Prioritize permitting for transit -oriented development (TOD) proposals. Zoning and Development Policy C-14 Increase housing diversity and supply within urban growth areas to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and support environmental justice. Within centers, set minimum building densities that enable lively and active streets and commercial destinations. Such limits may take the form of: minimum floors or building height, floor -area -ratios, and lot coverage; and maximum street setbacks and parking spaces. (Policy LU-11) • Evaluate a range of incentives to encourage compact development to preserve open space throughout the city, possibly to include density credits, incentive zoning, and transfer of development rights. (Policy LU-15) C Goal 3. Strengthen the City's resilience against the impacts of climate change. Buildings and Energy Policy C-15 Ensure that energy infrastructure — including generation and transmission — is able to accommodate renewable energy opportunities and to withstand and recover quickly from the impacts of extreme weather and other natural hazards worsened by climate change. • Plan and build facilities, utilities, and infrastructure projects to avoid or withstand flooding from rising sea levels and associated climate impacts. • Work with energy utilities to improve the safety and reliability of infrastructure vulnerable to climate change. Policy C-16 Ensure that buildings are designed and built sustainably to reduce environmental impacts and remain resilient to extreme weather and other hazards worsened by climate change. • Require the design and construction of commercial and residential buildings and their surrounding sites to reduce and treat stormwater runoff and pollution. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-191 • Develop or modify design standards to integrate exterior building features that reduce the impacts of climate change and increase resilience. Cultural Resources and Practices Policy C-17 Ensure that cultural resources and practices — including significant historic sites and culturally important traditional foods and natural resources — are resilient to the impacts of extreme weather and other natural hazards worsened by climate change. Work with state and federal agencies to protect, enhance, and restore ecosystems in order to meet tribal treaty rights and conserve culturally important consumptive and non -consumptive resources including foods, medicinal plants, and materials that could be adversely impacted by climate change. Maintain government -to -government relations with Native American tribes for the preservation of archaeological sites and traditional cultural properties that are vulnerable to climate impacts. Policy C-18 Ensure environmental justice by providing all residents an equitable opportunity to learn about climate impacts, influence policy decisions, and take actions to enhance community resilience. Create and implement culturally contextualized outreach and education initiatives and materials that will inform the community about near -term and longer -term climate change threats and build resilience. Economic Development Policy C-19 Ensure that the local economy is resilient to climate disruptions and fosters business opportunities associated with climate mitigation and adaptation. • Support local businesses' efforts to bolster climate preparedness and continuity of operations. Ecosystems Policy C-20 Ensure the protection and restoration of streams, riparian zones, estuaries, wetlands, and floodplains to achieve healthy watersheds that are resilient to climate change. • Implement actions identified in restoration and salmon recovery plans to improve the climate resilience of streams and watersheds. • Increase the climate resilience of native fish species and aquatic ecosystems by reducing the threat of aquatic invasive species (e.g., fish, plants, invertebrates). • Protect and restore watershed -scale processes to maximize the ecological benefits and climate resilience of riparian ecosystems. • Protect and restore riparian vegetation to reduce erosion, provide shade, and support other functions that improve the climate resilience of streams. • Increase aquatic habitat resilience to low summer flows by increasing water residence time, storing water on the landscape, conserving water, protecting groundwater, keeping waters cool, and protecting water quality. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-192 Policy C-21 Protect and restore coastal ecosystems to increase the resilience of species, habitats, and communities to climate change. • Consider sea -level rise in coastal and nearshore habitat restoration projects. • Identify, protect, and restore submerged aquatic vegetation (eelgrass, kelp, etc.) that provides aquatic habitat, "blue" carbon storage, and other ecosystem services. Emergency Management Policy C-22 Develop and maintain local government staff members' technical expertise and skills related to climate change and environmental justice so as to improve communitywide policy implementation, equity, and resilience. Create evacuation plans and outreach materials to help residents plan and practice actions that make evacuation quicker and safer. Policy C-23 Enhance emergency preparedness, response, and recovery efforts to mitigate risks and impacts associated with extreme weather and other hazards worsened by climate change. • Map transportation infrastructure that is vulnerable to repeated floods, landslides, and other natural hazards, and designate alternative travel routes for critical transportation corridors when roads must be closed. • Incorporate sea -level rise information, along with tsunami hazard mapping, into critical area delineation for siting critical infrastructure, land -use planning, and emergency management. • Develop resilience hubs — community -serving facilities that are designed to support residents, coordinate communication, distribute resources, and reduce carbon pollution while enhancing quality of life. • Factor climate impacts into the planning of operations and coordination of preparedness, response, and recovery activities among first -responders and partners, including public health, law enforcement, fire, school, and emergency medical services (EMS) personnel. Health and Well -Being Policy C-24 Protect community health and well-being from the impacts of climate -exacerbated hazards — prioritizing focus on overburdened communities — and ensure that the most vulnerable residents do not bear disproportionate health impacts. • Promote the use of health impact assessments and other tools to address the potential impacts of health, equity, and climate change on vulnerable communities. • Prioritize the development of anti -displacement programs in overburdened communities when increasing densities. • Review land use maps and identify opportunities or barriers to responding to rapid population growth or decline, rebuilding housing and services after disasters, and other extreme climate impact scenarios. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-193 • Provide overburdened communities subsidies to offset potential cost increases associated with conversion to non -fossil -fuel energy sources. • Develop and maintain a program to distribute cooling units and install heat pumps, prioritizing households with residents (e.g., low-income seniors) most vulnerable to extreme temperature events. Transportation Policy C-25 Ensure that the local transportation system — including infrastructure, routes, and travel modes — is able to withstand and recover quickly from the impacts of extreme weather events and other hazards exacerbated by climate change. Design and site new and expanded roads to have the least possible adverse effect on the shoreline, account for sea level rise projections, not result in a net loss of shoreline ecological functions, or adversely impact existing or planned water -oriented uses, public access, and habitat restoration and enhancement projects. Water Resources Policy C-26 Protect and preserve water quality and quantity from drought, extreme heat, and other hazards exacerbated by climate change. • Utilize water conservation methods and technologies in development of irrigation infrastructure within parks and recreation areas so as to foster climate resilience. • Develop and implement a comprehensive drought resilience strategy that factors in projected climate impacts and sets action levels for different drought stages. • Identify and implement strategies to prepare for and mitigate the effects of saltwater intrusion into aquifers and drainage systems. • Require the use of green infrastructure and low -impact development to address increased storm intensities and stormwater runoff. • Evaluate the long-term adequacy of water delivery infrastructure to ensure that changes in hydrological patterns (e.g., increases in flooding frequency or reduction of late -summer water availability associated with climate change) can be anticipated and managed effectively. Zoning and Development Policy C-27 Establish land use patterns that increase the resilience of the built environment, ecosystems, and communities to climate change. Restore and maintain critical areas and open space areas to maximize the climate resilience benefits they provide. • Direct new development into areas where exposure to climate hazards is low. • Identify and implement strategies to increase the resilience of the shoreline environment to sea -level rise and other climate hazards, while also protecting Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-194 shoreline ecological functions, allowing water -dependent uses, and providing public access. Policy C-28 Ensure that development and redevelopment projects are resilient to the impacts of climate change. • Establish development regulations that incorporate best practices for reducing the risk of wildfire, extreme heat, flooding, and other climate -exacerbated hazards. • Consider future climate conditions during siting and design of capital facilities, including changes to temperature, rainfall, and sea level, to help ensure they function as intended over their planned life cycle. • Identify and plan for climate impacts to valued community assets such as parks and recreation facilities, including relocation or replacement. • Consider climate change, including sea -level rise, extreme precipitation, increased winter streamflow, and other impacts, in floodplain management planning. Port Orchard Comprehensive Plan Page 10-195